Organic Silica Modified Membranes Based On Organic / Inorganic Hybridization For Oil / Water Emulsion Separation

The objective of this experiment is to separate a 50:50 mixture of benzoic acid and benzil by using macroscale extraction. In the experiment, organic solvent diethyl ether is used. After adding 1.0 gram of the 50:50 mixture of benzoic acid and benzil to a 25ml Erlenmeyer flask, diethyl ether was added to the flask to dissolve the mixture. Benzoic acid and benzil dissolve in diethyl ether. Once the mixture dissolved in

The greater the difference of specific gravities of the two insoluble liquids, the faster the separation. Hence, oils

These layers can be separated through the use of a seperatory funnel which drains the bottom layer into a separate container. This method uses the understanding of partition ratios of solutes to different paired solvents to produce an equilibrium leaning towards one solvent over another, thereby extracting a compound from one liquid to the other (Padias 128-37). For example, consider a mixture containing two solutes, solute A and solute B, and two immiscible solvents, solvent A and solvent B. If solute A dissolves well into solvent A, but not very well into solvent B, and solute B dissolves well into solvent B but not very well into solvent A, there would be a higher ratio of solute A in solvent A than in solvent B, and a higher ratio of solute B into solvent B than in solvent A. One can then see that, through the use of different solvents, two dissolved solutes can be separated from a mixture. This ratio of a solute concentration to different solvents is defined by K, the distribution constant. Successive filtrations yield’s a higher percentage of products.

The main reason for doing this project is to find out which detergent breaks up oil the best. An oil is any neutral, nonpolar chemical substance that is a viscous liquid at ambient temperatures and is both hydrophobic and lipophilic. Oils have a high carbon and hydrogen content and are usually slippery and greasy like.

The fatty acids are then purified by distillation and neutralized with an alkali to produce soap and water. The fats and oils used in soap-making come from animal or plant sources. The four basic soaps used in this procedure were made using olive oil, vegetable oil, vegetable shortening, and lard. Each fat or oil is made up of a distinctive mixture of several different triglycerides. In a triglyceride molecule, three fatty acid molecules are attached to one molecule of glycerin. There are many types of triglycerides; each type consists of its own particular combination of fatty acids. They are weak acids composed of two parts: A carboxylic acid group consisting of one hydrogen (H) atom, two oxygen (O) atoms, and one carbon (C) atom, plus a hydrocarbon chain attached to the carboxylic acid group. Generally, it is made up of a long straight chain of carbon (C) atoms each carrying two hydrogen (H) atoms. The carboxylate end of the soap molecule is attracted to water. It is called the hydrophilic end; this end of the fatty acid chain prefers water. The hydrocarbon chain is attracted to oil and grease and is the hydrophobic end. However, when soap is presented to hard water which is water containing minerals, such as calcium, magnesium, and seldom minerals like iron. Soap produces what is known as soap scum, or residue from the

I mixed oil in the water, the oil then started to settle at the top of the water. (oil is not a soluble)

When you pour oil into the water the oil separates from the water as bubbles and floats to the top and looks like a film on top of the water.

Water and Oil, They don't mix no matter how hard you try, your not going to get them to mix. Just like America. In America every citizen is supposed to be treated equally right ? That's how it may seem but is it really take a look around next time you're out shopping or just out walking. There are going to be people from different cultures, but we are all separated. Just like water and oil we act like we’re all happy and live in a world of no racial difficulties. But the fact is people are ignorant that's why the world is like this people are too ignorant to take a look around them they just want what's best for them. Then once people know what they want, then they begin to separate based on differences.

In the article, they came up with the idea of gelling agents which is a chemical used to solidify any kind of spilled oil, making it easier to collect. Using the motion of the waves and sea, the gelling agent turns the oil into a rubbery material that can be easily removed from the water with nets, vacuuming, suction, devices or skimmers. This method helps clean the water without taking a lot of the water with it since when it solidifies you just pull out the chunks of oil instead of taking a lot water with it like if you were to try the hay or fleece

Wet purifiers such as water and oil scrubbers and bubblers are also effective but only within certain limits.

crude oil allowed in at the bottom of the tower at a time so that the

Among the various solvents including water, chlorobenzene, ethylene glycol, DMSO and xylene investigated by Luyben (Luyben, 2008) to be used in the separation of acetone/chloroform mixture using extractive distillation, DMSO was found to

An oil spill is a manmade disaster that has had an environmental impact as well as an economic impact on the various countries that they have occurred in. Oil spills have not only been a problem in the United States, but they have also caused damage in many other countries. However, there is a set of safety measures and regulations that can be taken to help prevent this manmade disaster from occurring. While drilling for and extracting oil, mistakes can be made that cause an oil spill to occur; however, there are also various methods to cleaning up an oil spill.

Wastewater in the oil and gas industry is a challenging issue. Oil and gas processes such as hydraulic fracturing consume too much water that translate into wastewater and has to be properly treated. This paper reviews the main contaminants of concern and their concentrations. It also provides a guideline of the target treatment for each contaminant in order to reuse in the same industrial field and a justification for each criteria. Suggested treatment methods and operations to reach the target treatment are presented as well, with a focus on the Walnut Shell Filter as a leading technology in the treatment of wastewater in the oil industry. The WSF was found to be the best method to treat petroleum hydrocarbons, and a centralized on-site treatment facility was the best strategy to resolve the issue of managing wastewater in remote oil and gas locations.

I am currently, a Master of Engineering student in Petroleum Engineering at Dalhousie University, with a project focused on oil recovery from oilsands by cavitation process. I am looking at the effect of particle size on oil ablation from sand particles while samples of oilsand slurry are