ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR What is organisational behaviour? The study of human behaviour, attitudes and performance within an organisational setting; drawing on theory, methods and principles from such disciplines as psychology, sociology and cultural anthropology to learn about individual, groups and processes. Three different OB perspectives Macro-perspective; the big picture Micro-perspective; the smaller units Meso-perspective; integration and movement between macro and micros Three levels of OB Individuals > groups > organisations OB as a science Scientific discipline Theories and methods can be developed to better understand and explain behaviour Concerned with predictions and explanations Fredrick Windsor taylor – …show more content…
Organisations are groups of people who work interdependently towards some purpose. OB theories help people to: 1. Make sense of the workplace 2. Question and rebuild personal mental models 3. Get things done In organisations Compare and contrast the four perspectives of organisational effectiveness The open systems perspective views organisations as complex organisms that ‘live’ within an external environment. They depend on the external environment for resources then use organisational subsystems to transform those resources into outputs that are returned to the environment. Organisations receive feedback from external environment to maintain a good ‘fit’ with that environment. Fit occurs by adapting to the environment, managing the environment or moving to another environment. According to the organisational learning perspective, organisational effectiveness depends on the organisations capacity to acquire, share, use and store valuable knowledge. The ability to acquire and use knowledge depends on the firm’s absorptive capacity. Intellectual capacity
Open system: the perspective views organizations as complex organisms that “live” within an external environment.
Organisations are social entities that involve individuals and groups to obtain benefits and goals in different ways. The struggle for resources, personal conflicts and a variety of influence tactics used by these social entities assists in obtaining them.
Organisational behaviour is the perception of a particular organisation in market’s mind. It is a set of goals that a company needs to follow to fulfil the expectation of its admirers. It is more of a disciplinary
It is reasonable to suggest that the overwhelming majority of humankind has either been part of or required the services of organizations at some point in time during their lives, and many of these consumers will likely testify that although every organization is different in some ways, they all share some common characteristics. Furthermore, because all organizations are comprised of mere humans, they are subject to the same behavioral whims, weaknesses and vagaries that also characterize the human condition from day to day and over time. To gain further insights into these concepts, this paper provides a review of the relevant peer-reviewed and scholarly literature to develop a comprehensive and robust definition of organizational behavior. This review is followed by a summary of the research and salient findings in the conclusion.
The purpose of this paper is to summarize, assess, and synthesize nine chapters across two primary texts listed as the required reading for the third week of POS 543. First, I’ll focus on the central themes discussed in the readings related to open systems, structures, and organizational environments. Second, I will discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the various contributions of relevant organizational theories and concepts to open systems, structures, and organizational environments.
The open systems perspective is one of the first ways of thinking about a company. When we assess a company through the open systems perspective, we can view the organization as an organism that depends on the external
Organizational studies the behaviour, attitudes and performance of people in organisations. This field puts the lens of analysis on how employees’ work contributes to or detracts from the effectiveness and productivity of the organisation. The field has three units of analysis: the individual, the group and the organisation (competitive advantage once again). A ‘micro’ – individual-employee level – aspect of OB emphasises the first two units of analysis and stresses topics such as personality traits (individual differences), employee attitudes and motivation to work, leadership, group formation and group decision making. The ‘macro’ or big-picture approach addresses the organisation as the primary unit of analysis. This is called organisational theory, and its focus is on the topics of organisational structure and organisa- tional design . OB draws support from the fields of individual psychology (personality and cognition), social psychology (people interacting), industrial psychology (people at work), political science (power and influence), anthropology (cultural systems) and economics (incentives and transactions). OT is directly related to OB and draws concepts and research from anthropolo- gy, sociology (nature and behaviour of human groups) and theories of complex organisations (how they form, grow, compete and collaborate). Our approach to OB will use both estab- lished theories and reliable managerial practices to explain the behaviour of
Organizational Behaviour is the study of impact individuals, groups, and organization structure has on human behaviour.
When small business owners start the concept of what type of business one would like to own, an array of critical thinking starts and a business owner has to consider questions that will make or break his or her success. Owners, who pay attention to the current rise and fall of stock for his or her chosen business, will have the upper hand against competitors. An owner who knows his or her competitors is a small part in the grand scheme of owning an organization. Owners who give attention to the needs and wants of employees and customers will have a higher rate of profit and a lower rate of employee turnover. Organizations that learns and knows the ends and outs of maintaining a business
For a business to be successful there must be a well-built foundation amongst its human resources. These workers must be kept content. In turn, they work hard and increase productivity. Organizational behavior is a way to observe the employees, while Organizational culture aids in bringing the people of the firm together. This is done by letting the people of the organization build a system of shared ideas, views, actions, and beliefs (Schermerhorn, Hunt, & Osborn, Chapter 1 & 16, 2008). Additionally, having a diverse group of talent, helps in breaking down any cultural barriers, which may
Organisational behaviour is the study of people's behaviour and interaction in an organisation. The science of organisational behaviour is applied to people in an organisation.
Abraham Maslow explored a hierarchy of needs, from the most basic physical needs to the most internal needs for selfactualization, and found that individuals respond to motivation that meets their lowest need at a particular point in time. This approach to motivation holds considerable potential for companies willing to apply it to their personnel practices. Another goal setting theory by Dr. Lock explained how specific and difficult goals led to better task performance in general. These two theories have been examined in the perspective of GrameenPhone ltd, the biggest cellular company in Bangladesh. Some major impacts of the two theories are visible in every aspect of GrameenPhone ltd. The motivation level of employees in GrameenPhone is
Organizational theory starts general and moves to specifics. Beginning with the classical model, which its organizations operate
discussion of the traits, trends and methods of some of the many available tools and
Organisational behaviour investigates the impact that individuals, groups and structures have on behaviour within organisations, as this knowledge can optimise the effectiveness of these organisations. A way to understand organisational behaviour is to understand the organisational psychology behind it (Murray, Poole, & Jones, 2006). Organisational psychology is the branch of psychology that is dedicated to the study of individual psychological phenomena within organisations and ways in which organisational processes has an influence on people. The field of organisational behaviour was developed primarily by the contributions of psychology, sociology and anthropology. Each of which has contributed significant ideas for organisational developments (Stuit, Szirbik, & De Snoo, 2007). They pooled in a separate field known as organisational behavioural. Three other disciplines exerted less influence in the development of organisational behaviour which is economy, science policies, and history.