SCHOOL OF INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION OF NANJING UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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BTEC HNC/HND PROGRAMME:Organisations and Behaviour
|UNIT NO. 3 |Unit level:H1 |
|UNIT TITLE ORGANISATIONS AND BEHAVIOUR |ASSIGNMENT NO. 1 |
TO BE COMPLETED BY THE STUDENT:
NAME OF STUDENT:(Chinese)_______________________
(Pin Yin)_______________________
(English)___________________________
HANDOUT DATE:
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|management |
| |2.3 evaluate the different approaches to management used by |
| |different organisations |
|Outcome 3 |3.1 discuss the impact that different leadership styles may have|
| |on motivation in organisations in periods of change |
|Understand ways of using motivational theories in organisations | |
| | |
| |3.2 explain the different motivational theories and their |
| |application within the workplace |
| |3.3 evaluate the usefulness of a motivation theory for |
| |managers |
|Outcome
4. Briefly describe the elements of the formal and the informal organization. Give examples of each.
“Political Activity is alive and well in organisations. Critically discuss this statement. What factors result in Organisational Politics and what is the role of such behaviour on other people at work?”
For Human Resource departments, finding ways to motivate employees can be frustrating. Some Human Resource departments use incentives like days off or even big ticket items like tablets for rewards. Others use monetary motivation like extra pay for a few hours or even a bonus check. Understanding the theories that drive motivation will help a manager or even Human Resources department find what while work for their employees. For this assignment, I am going to describe and discuss several motivation theories. In order for a managing team to be successful an understanding of these basic theories is the key for success.
In this article two main theories were used: motivation and leadership. The leadership theory has two main parts:
Motivation is an important factor in one’s life. You learn what motivates you at a very young age. Although you may not know the word or understand what it means, you still accomplish a goal to receive a reward or know not to do something that will get you in trouble. Why do you do the things you do? Why do you get excited when presented with a positive reward or upset when presented with a negative reward? It’s all about you and what you desire most or want to avoid; and it differs in each individual. When a young teenager is told to clean his room and then he can go to the movies, this is a positive reinforcement or motivator to get the parent’s desired outcome. When you apply the motivation theories in the workplace, the main goal is to have the employee perform their duties to achieve the company’s desired outcome. There are several motivational theories offered as templates for organizations to utilize the way they see fit. The ultimate outcome of these theories is that the employee with the right motivator, whether it’s positive or negative reinforcement, will encourage the employee to perform at their best. The leadership-follower aspect is crucial in motivating correctly in the workplace.
Sociology, psychology, communication, management, economics and human resource studies are fields that comprise of organizational behavior. Within each of the theorists preferred model of theory, their basis for conducting research is to examine how individuals and their behaviors influence the environment. As evident by the available literature, each theorist uses modern organizational studies in order to understand, control, predict, and explain some phenomenon based on a particular need. In the 1900s, theories were formulated around production and economic goals. In the 1960 and 70s, theories were heavily influenced by social psychology and quantitative research and in the 1980s, literature then expanded to providing cultural explanations of organizations with influences from psychology, sociology and anthropology, shifting from quantitative to qualitative research as an acceptable method for conducting research.
This assignment will evaluate how the organisation might apply the management theories. In addition, will analyse differences between motivating individuals and motivating teams. It will explain what manager skills required in motivating teams and how these elements affect the business decision making and manage the change in the organisation. Also, there will be discussion of how management theories help to fill their purpose. The most important factor to highly motivate a people, a manager should have an effective communication, planning, making decisions, problem solving skills. In addition, understanding team dynamics and encourage a good relationship.
The topic of motivation is not something new. For decades, scholars, researchers, theorists, psychologists, and organizational leaders have studied this phenomenon which has produced (quite possibly) hundreds of definitions of motivation. The following three definitions are cited to provide insight into the meaning of motivation.
discussion of the traits, trends and methods of some of the many available tools and
To understand Organizational Behavior and Management, we must study three different levels. The first is the individual level, because every individual has its own unique perception of the world and what surrounds him. Individuals behave following how they interpret this and their environment. Each individual is different from the next one, because of its personality and characteristics. However, it’s possible to organize them by categorizing their perceptions. Categories such as Appearance, Social behavior and Status are often considered. Individual’s motivations must be analyzed to understand the next level : the Group.
This structure provides a “more radical design within a system approach to the entire organisation”. Management is at the centre of the leaf and participates in all 4 major organisational systems co-ordinating the work of each of these systems as well as determining organisational objectives.
a) Describe the new culture of Henkel, in terms of its artifacts as well as content. Critically compare Henkel’s culture before 2008 and after Kasper Rorsted’s arrival. Which key Differences can you identify? How can the new culture drive forward the new strategic objectives?
The meaning of motivation has been defined as follows: the psychological process that gives behavior purpose and direction (Kreitner, 1995); the internal drive to satisfy an unsatisfied need (Higgins, 1994); the will to achieve (Bedeian, 1993); and an inclination to act in a purposive manner to achieve specific needs (Buford, Bedeian, & Linder, 1995). What motivates people can vary from person to person. For example, one person may be motivated by monetary rewards or extrinsic factors, while others are motivated by recognition and achievement or intrinsic factors (Linder, 1998). Motivation plays a vital role in an agency’s management. The key factor is to identify the method of each employee’s motivation and work on that to increase job satisfaction and decrease job burnout. A successful leader will need to understand different motivational theories and must be able to determine which strategy or combination of strategies works best to motivate each member of their team.
As we was mentioned earlier the organizational structure is closely related to organisational behaviour, however, before proceeding to explain these relationships, we would like to introduce definitions of organisational behaviour. According to Pettinger organisational behaviour “is concerned with
Sha’ Nii Sin Kas is a small computer business; this company sells Dell computers and printers nationwide. In order for the business to be successful employees must be motivated to perform well and be competitive. Let’s define motivation: motivation is what causes as person to act. It involves the emotional, social, and cognitive forces that activate behavior (Cherry, n.d.). According to Berry (2014) “motivation is what gets a person started and what determines the direction in which they apply effort, the level of effort they put in, how long they apply that effort and what make them stop applying effort” (p10). What are the things that motivate us to act? Our behaviors are motivated by the need to fulfil our needs. For example, we all get hungry, thirsty, sleepy, etc. This need motivates us to eat, drink and sleep. In the business environment employee positive motivation leads to better performance and higher productivity. Employee motivation and performance are two main factors that help business become successful. This report will review the McDonald’s built on motivation case study and identify intrinsic and extrinsic motivation; further, identify Maslow’s, and Herzberg’s motivation theory. Based on our learnings we will discuss how motivation will benefit Sha’ Nii Sin Kas managers and employees.