Organizational Behaviour Individual Assignment

Negative reinforcement is removing an unpleasant consequence when a behavior is exhibited in order to encourage said behavior. This was shown when

There are different types of positive reinforcements. Primary reinforcement is when a reward strengths a behavior by itself, you work because of the payment. Secondary reinforcement is when something strengthens a behavior because it leads to a primary reinforce, you work to achieve your goal of getting a promotion, so you get there one step at a time.

Positive reinforcement involves strengthening or fostering desired behavior through the addition or increase of a pleasant incentive. Positive reinforcement tends to be a more effective means of behavior modification that the two types of punishment. The addition or increase of incentive when using positive reinforcement is geared towards encouraging the occurrence of the behavior in the future. For instance, positive reinforcement is used by an

Operate Conditioning-: People learn and are influenced by the results of what they do. It’s also when people’s behaviour is affected by consequences, reinforcements and learning based on exploration of the environment. Skinner divided the consequences of actions into these three groups...

Reinforcement is an essential part in identifying and encouraging a certain behavior. In the most classic definition, positive reinforcement is a method of identifying to children which behaviors are acceptable and appropriate and which are not (Sigler, E. & Aamidor, S, 2005). Reinforcement is often given as praise for doing a certain task. As educators, saying “great job” or a simple word like “fantastic” are expressed towards students as praise. However, when a student is struggling and praise is given such as “you are doing so well”, the negative aspects of praise present themselves. The child is aware of the empty praise therefore it may work against the teacher if it is taken as a false

Reinforcement is an essential part in identifying and encouraging a certain behavior. In the most classic definition, positive reinforcement is a method of identifying to children which behaviors are acceptable and appropriate and which are not (Sigler, E. & Aamidor, S, 2005). Reinforcement is often given as praise for doing a certain task. As educators, saying “great job” or a simple word like “fantastic” are expressed towards students as praise. However, when a student is struggling and praise is given such as “you are doing so well”, the negative aspects of praise present themselves. The child is aware of the empty praise

Both forms of reinforcement have an achieved end result and both forms of reinforcement also have a draw back because if you discontinue the reward for the behavior there is the potential for that behavior to not be exhibited anymore. Like if you took the bonus away from the salesperson they would not be as eager to exceed the sales goal like they did when they were receiving the bonus. With the barking dog if you discontinue the wearing of the collar eventually the dog will figure out that they can bark again and not be shocked so the barking will increase because there is no shock being received from the barking. For this writer using positive reinforcement is more effective because by using a positive reinforcement it encourages the person to want to continue the behavior and do better because they are being rewarded and not punished for that behavior. In my opinion it is easier to get a person to exhibit a conditioned response if you give them a positive reward for that response and it is easier for them to want to continue that behavior because they are being rewarded in a positive manner and not being punished for it.

Positive reinforcement strengthens a behavior by providing a consequence an individual finds rewarding. Negative reinforcement strengthens behavior because it stops or removes an unpleasant experience. Punishment is defined as the opposite of reinforcement since it is designed to weaken or eliminate a response rather than to increase it.

When it comes to inspiring behavioral changes positive reinforcement is more effective than punishment in terms of changing the behavior in the long term. How effectively positive reinforcement affects behavioral changes is closely tied to how behavioral changes are incentivized and rewards bestowed. The case is similar for the application of negative reinforcement. However, rewards and punishments must significantly affect a person’s current situation--for better or worse--in order to inspire change. Let’s look at how positive reinforcement typically results in long-term behavioral change more effectively than punishment overall.

Reinforcement means to strengthen, and is used in psychology to refer to anything stimulus which strengthens or increases the probability of a specific response. For example, if you want your child to do something more and more, you may give her a treat every time she does that. Thus the child will eventually know that if I do this, it will be followed by a treat and the more you praise her the more she repeats that. This might be cleaning the table after every meal that she takes and you give her praise or a tin of yoghurt for cleaning the table. Another example of reinforcement could be something happening at work when you know that a promotion comes after a hard work. This is done in different forms of reinforcements which are positive and negative reinforcement, punishment and extinction. There are also different reinforcement schedules which are fixed and variable ratios and fixed and variable intervals. All these are used in our day to day living when people are being rewarded or punished for different responses. This was done by BF Skinner through his experiments which gave him a result that any behaviour is followed by a consequence. (http://www.allpsych.com/tests/psychology/learning.html)

Operant conditioning relies on consequences to behaviors, and one of the consequences is reinforcement. Reinforcement has two options: positive and negative. Positive reinforcement consists of the presentation of a stimulus that strengthens the probability of the

Operant conditioning focuses on a system of reinforcement and punishers where actions will have a consequence (Skinner, 2016). In operant conditioning, behaviour that is reinforced will be strengthened while behaviour that is not reinforced will weaken with time (Skinner, 2016). There are three types of operants. The neutral operants that will neither increase nor decrease the chances of repeating a behaviour (Skinner, 2016). The reinforcers will increase the chances of repeating a behaviour (Skinner, 2016). The punishers will decrease the chances of repeating a behaviour (Skinner, 2016). Positive reinforcement strengthens a behaviour as an individual gains rewards through it (Skinner, 2016). Negative reinforcement strengthens the behaviour by removing an unpleasant consequence

From a very early age, children begin to learn about the association between behaviors and consequences. They realize that there is always going to be a consequence whether it’d be positive or negative, that would follow the behavior. Sometimes children behave very well and most of the time, children tend to give parents and others around them a hard time. When it comes to behavior modification, some basic steps include identifying the behavior, setting expectations, monitoring progress, and reinforcing correct behaviors. Positive reinforcement has a lot of effect on children when it comes to modifying a targeted behavior. A reinforcer,

According to Laurie J. Mullins (2013. pp.4-5), “Organizational Behavior is concerned with the study of the behavior of people within an organizational setting, generally along the lines of understanding of individual and group behavior, and patterns of structure in order to help improve organizational performance and effectiveness.”

     There are two forms of reinforcement: positive and negative reinforcement. When an event occurs producing a positive effect, it is considered positive reinforcement. Negative reinforcement involves the removal of a stimulus increasing the likelihood of a positive effect. An example of this would be to take two aspirins to remove the pain from a headache.