Organize Crime Committed by a Group

Each state prosecutes crimes committed against the state or society as a whole. Each state court must adhere to guidelines set forth by the federal government. Crimes against a state are held to a higher standard and must prove a party is guilty beyond a reasonable doubt. Whereas crimes against an individual are civil cases, generally do not result in jail time and have a lower burden of proof.

any State or Territory or the District of Columbia, subjects, or causes to be subjected, any

The United States government operates under a federalist system meaning that there are two or more governments who share the same power over one geographic region. In this case it would be the state and federal governments. The 10th amendment of the U.S. Constitution summarizes the idea of federalism, stating that “The powers not delegated to the US by the Constitution, nor prohibited by the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people” (U.S. Constitution). This means that the federal government, whose jurisdiction is very limited, has jurisdiction over some thing while the state government has jurisdiction over

Offenses, whose inception, prevention, and/or direct or indirect effects involved more than one country is an example

The definition of organized crime is “crime committed by groups engaged in planned and sustained criminal activities”

crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a grand jury, except in cases arising in the land

Criminal law involves inducing punishment to the convicted individual so that they would pay for their crimes. Civil law deals with disputes between individuals and redressing the wrongs by giving the victim compensation. Examples of criminal law include theft, murder, and robbery. Examples of civil law include, divorce proceedings, child custody proceedings, and property disputes. Five sources of criminal law in the United States include federal legislation, state legislation, municipal ordinances, executive orders, federal and state constitutions, and treaties and other international conventions. Federal legislation operates with its own set of rules apart from individual states. To determine whether if the crime is a federal offense depends

The unlawful activity of an association trafficking in illegal goods or services, including but not limited to gambling, prostitution, loansharking, controlled substances, labor racketeering, or other unlawful activities or any continuing criminal conspiracy of other unlawful practice which has as its objective large economic gain through the fraudulent or coercive practices or improper governmental influence. (NCJRS)

Security threat groups and prison gangs are responsible for a lot of the crimes that occur in prison. Well-organized and highly structured prison gangs who have leaders and influences have been around decades. Gangs in prison can be described as groups whose activities pose a real threat to the safety of the institutional staff and other inmates and also to security of the correctional institution (Beth, 1991). These gangs always have strong leaders and use that leadership role to their advantage as an influence on other inmates by means of violence. Sometimes they are interested in drugs, alcohol, and contraband to other prisoners. Gang activity is an increasing activity in prisons in major cities, rural communities, and prisons. The Aryan Brotherhood, Black guerilla Family, The Folk Nation, The Mexican Mafia, and MS 13 are five of the most dangerous gangs to prison systems among the many gangs that that are known out there.

Although each state carries its own definition and grounds of charges for each crime committed, but it doesn’t imply that the crime will go unpunished.

A) Criminal conspiracy is an agreement between two or more parties with unlawful intent. The government must prove 1) a shared purpose 2) an intent to attain an unlawful goal and 3) an agreement to accomplish said goal. The crime does not require specificity of a plan or further actions to enact said plan, only requiring an agreement to be made.

illegal acts which are characterized by deceit, concealment, or violation of trust and which are not dependent upon the application or threat of physical force or violence. Individuals and organizations

Defining extradition as the surrender by one state to another a person accused or convicted of a crime;

State crimes are crimes committed by, on behalf, or with the complicity of governments or state agencies such as the police, armed forces or secret services. Sociologists have looked into state crime and some have gone as far as to say it breaks human rights e.g. - the right to life, the right to reproduce. Although not all sociologists see breaking human rights as a crime, some do. Some sociologists who look into the how the state has committed crimes against humans and caused harm are Schwendinger, Cohen and Bauman.

A crime is the breaking of certain rules laid out by a society i.e. the Government. Crime is said to be ‘activities that break the law and are subject to official punishment (Holborn and Haralambos, 2000, pg. 330)