Understanding of the entity and its environment
Origin Energy Limited (ORG) is an Australian listed company mainly operates in electricity and gas markets. In the following sections, several aspects of the client company will be discussed. This information is collected to help in the identification of the entity’s specific risks by following ASA 315 Identifying and Assessing the Risks of Material Misstatement through Understanding the Entity and Its Environment. Both external market environment and internal business management factors are required to be assessed under ASA 315 (Auditing and Assurance Standards Board, 2013). However, because of the limitation of access to the company information, this report does not cover the analysis of control
…show more content…
A large portion of the market participants pay the distribution network companies to transmit electricity and gas to ending retail customers. Origin acts as not only an energy producer but a trader that offer power directly in the electricity market. To offset potential variation in supply costs, market players often use hedging activities to manage the relevant risks. The hedging activities can easily effect on the assumptions in many valuation of accounts in the financial statement, thus auditors should take adequate concern on these activities.
1.3 Laws and regulations
Energy industry has always been affected by a heavy level of laws and regulations. However, the regulation aspect is slacker than it used to be in the past decade. Take the carbon tax as an example, the repeal of carbon tax in 2014 reduced the cost of energy industry by 4.7% for the 2014-2015 financial year (Allday, 2016). The current Australian energy market is mainly ruled by the Australian Energy Market Commission (AEMC) and the National Electricity Law and National Gas Law. What auditors must notice is, changes in law and regulation is somehow political and unpredictable, which may lead to auditing
…show more content…
However, on 10 August 2015, Origin sold its all interest in Contact Energy.
2.3 Exploration & Production
Origin has exploration and production on traditional resources mainly located in eastern and southern Australia, the Browse and Perth basins in Western Australia, the Bonaparte basin in north-western Australia, the Beetaloo basin in Northern Territory. The company also has several renewable energy facilities like wind farms in New Zealand. These facilities generate energy resources for transmitting to customers or direct business on the market(DatAnalysis, 2015).
2.4 LNG
Origin holds a 37.5 % of the shares in Australia Pacific LNG. The LNG segment contains Origin’s equity on share of the results of Australia Pacific LNG as well as the activities and transactions arising from its operatorship of its upstream activities. The profit and loss of this subsidiary corporation does not show on the group’s financial statement, while this segment is directly reflected in increase or depletion of the investment asset (Origin Energy Limited, 2015).
2.5
The first case that was involved CFPOA is R. v. Griffiths Energy International . In January 2013, the Griffiths Energy was pled guilty to bribery offence under section 3(1), (b) of the CFPOA . The offender paid over USD 2 million to obtain a consulting agreement of oil contracts in the Republic of Chad. Griffiths Energy paid the bribe to a company owned by the wife of the foreign ambassador as well as a number of founder shares. The article of “A New Era of Canadian Anti-Corruption Enforcement?” mentions more detail of the court case. On September 15, 2009, the Griffiths Energy offered the bribe to Chad Oil Counsulting the statement of facts disclosed that the Griffiths Energy LLC owned by Ms. Niam, the wife of Chad’s Canadian, Ambassador Mahamoud Adam Bechir, and
CAS 300 requires auditors to their audit using a risk based model where the nature, timing and extent of audit procedures are based on the assessed risk of material misstatement. Pickett (2006) argues that for audits to be effective and efficient, much of the audit effort should be focused on areas that are considered to pose the highest audit risk. Additional audit procedures should be linked to individual audit assertions whereas other audit procedures need to be performed as and when needed. Thus, for an audit plan to be put in place, it is necessary for an auditor to come up with a risk profile of the client comprising an understanding of the business operating by the audit client, assess business risk and also perform its preliminary analytical review.
The audit team focused on preforming groundwork analytical procedures. A comparison of the performance of Smackey’s Dog Foods Inc to other similar industries was used to validate the original assessment of the risks. Performing the procedures helped detect areas that pose a high risk of the material misstatements. Another important part of the planning of the audit was to set a balance of materiality that is appropriate. The situations that
This project presents an audit risk assessment on Telstra Corporation Limited using advanced accounting techniques
During the performance of this integrated audit, require numerous judgments about the internal control and overall financial reporting and how well it addresses risks of material misstatements within the financial statements (AICPA, 2014). After re-evaluating the previous errors found from the previous audit, the audit team found the corrective actions to be appropriate and justified in elimination of human error by implementing additional checks and balances within the manual process. No additional misstatements have been found and all internal controls off the financial reporting seem appropriate and just.
This essay explores the corporate collapse of Harris-Scarfe on April 3 2001, which before their collapse was Australia’s third largest retail group (Buchanan 2004, p. 55). It will explore the collapse in the context of the auditing framework. In particular, how the financial indiscretions were not discovered by the auditors, which were going on as early as six years prior to the collapse (Buchanan 2004, p. 62). To start with, we define what the auditing objective is in order to work out where it failed in this case. ASA 200.11/ISA 200.11 defines the auditing objective as one that needs to ascertain reasonable assurance that the financial report as a whole is free from misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. In doing so the auditor can give an opinion of whether the financial report was prepared in accordance with the financial reporting framework (Gay & Simnett 2012, p. 12).
Cleopatra was an amazing woman in our history. She ruled the Egyptians through manipulation, but also through determination to make Egypt the country she knew it could become. The story of Cleopatra has been retold through Shakespeare, and she is known as one of the most powerful woman in our past. Cleopatra's ultimate goal was to become allies with the Roman and along the way she went through hard times but she also fell for some of the most successful
Midland Energy Resources determine that the shares are undervalued with a comparing from the intrinsic value of the shares and the actual stock price. The intrinsic value can be computed with the fundamental value of the enterprise minus the market value of debts divided per the number of shares outstanding.
“When AES undertook primarily domestic contract generation projects where the risk of changes to input and output prices was minimal, a project finance framework was employed.”
The Canada segment is engaged in the exploration, development and production of natural gas, crude oil, and natural gas liquids (NGLs) and other related activities within the Canadian cost centre. The segment comprises the Canadian plains division, the Canadian foothills division, and the Canadian upstream operations of the integrated oil division.
For my undergraduate career I attended Elon and majored in Psychology. In summation Elon University’s vision and mission inspires students “freedom of thought and liberty of conscience” by focusing on four major commitments. The first is fostering a community of active student engagement with faculty and staff dedicated to scholarly accomplishment and proficient teaching. The second is supplying students with challenging and dynamic curriculum anchored in traditional liberal arts and sciences. Third is fitting students to become informed leaders and global citizens catered towards the concern for the common good in society. Fourth is having respect for “human differences, integrity, desire for learning, as well as work ethic and service.” Personally
Regulation is a topic that has been debated for many years and will continue to be debated for years to come. In the business and finance sector, there are many regulators including but not limited to the Australian Securities and Investment Commission (ASIC), Financial Reporting Council (FRC), Australian Prudential Regulation Authority (APRA) and the Australian Accounting Standards Board (AASB). While these are only a few regulatory bodies in the industry, they all have their own set of regulations to enforce. ASIC, for example, regulate the Corporations Act 2001 along with the Australian Accounting Standards. While ASIC ensure that organisations adhere to the regulations laid out before them, the AASB create and develop those
Background Information- General Electric Company, known as GE the world over, is an American-based, multinational corporation headquartered in Connecticut. In 2010, the company reported in excess of $150 billion in revenues, net income of over $12 billion, and almost 300,000 employees. It operates through four basic segments: Energy, Technology Infrastructure, Capital Finance and Consumer and Industrial Production. In 2011, GE was ranked the 6th largest firm in the United States as well as the 14th most profitable. Since its founding by Thomas Edison in 1990, and becoming one of the original 12 companies listed on the Down Jones Industrial Average in 1986, GE has been iconic in its relationship as an American innovator. In fact, GE founded RCA in 1919 to further the use and disbursement of international radio, just one example of their early commitment to innovation (GE Fact Sheet, 2012).
From its definition it can be noticed that hedging is a strategy employed by companies in an effort to safeguard their economic position and to prevent the company from the losses which are associated with the unforeseen risks. Companies can hedge against risks which are associated with losses by taking control of their future purchases. The commodity prices vary in different markets and are caused or influenced by different economic factors. Some commodities are very scarce and with the increased depletion subject to the global demand in different foreign markets, the prices are set to be hiked in response to the established demand which positions the companies that use those particular commodities to have cash flow problems.
Execution IPO (Initial Public Offering) PT. Adaro Energy Tbk. has been awaited by capital market actors. Coal Price that penetrate US$ 215 per ton on July 2008 in the global market result capital market actors very interest to buy share at company of coal mining. Particularly PT Adaro Energy Tbk. is company of coal mining that has biggest reserve in Indonesia.1 Listing in Indonesia Effect Exchange (BEI) is executed on 16 July 2008. In this listing time, Adaro sell 11,139 billion share sheets or 34,83% from totalize company share and fund that obtained is Rp. 12,253 trillion. That fund will be used to buy share from some foreign stockholders that have share at three strategic