Osteoporosis Research Paper

Osteoporosis is a progressive bone disease that is characterized by structural deterioration of bone tissue and reduced bone mineral density(BMD). Consequences include increased pain, increased risk of fracture, loss of mobility, and death (Osteoporosis Canada 2014).

As generally stated in the introduction, osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder that involves the strength and integrity of one’s bones. The WHO defines osteoporosis as, “a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by low-bone mass, deterioration of bone tissue, increased bone fragility, and its susceptibly to recurrent fractures.” 2 The most important factor to take into account when addressing osteoporosis is the mass of bone, also referred to as, bone mineral density (BMD). As bone mass begins to decline, typically in the older population, specifically postmenopausal women, individuals are at an increased risk for fractures.3 As a result of this serious condition, many people are affected by morbidity, mortality, and economic difficulty.1

j. Oral Calcium Supplements are used to prevent and treat low blood calcium levels for people that do not get enough

Calcium can also be supplemented with alfalfa, clover, dandelion, broccoli, and some fish, such as cod, salmon, and sardines (Dittmer and Thompson, 2011;Weichselbaum et al., 2013). Either exposure to sunlight or a supplemented vitamin D is also necessary for these metabolic processes to work successfully. Some fish are also good for supplementing vitamin D in the diet. Once calcium levels are back to homeostasis, the body will replenish the bone stores and there will be no lasting effects in an adult. Some animals are more susceptible to vitamin D and calcium deficiency, eg. growing animals, postpartum mammals, captive reptiles, pet rabbits, and

“Osteoporosis is a medical condition in which the bones become brittle and fragile from loss of tissue, either as a result of hormonal changes, or deficiency of calcium or vitamin D” (Mayo Clinic, 2016). The main causes of osteoporosis are aging, menopause, and lack of vitamin D and calcium. The standard symptoms include bone fracture that occurs more easily, stooped posture, and loss of height over time. With osteoporosis, the general medications are bisphosphonates, and unfortunately osteoporosis cannot be cured but treatment may help.

Osteoporosis is the gradual process in which tissue is lost from bones, resulting in brittle and fragile bones. Bones become less dense and become more prone to fracture. This may be due to a variety of factors and usually occurs during old age.

What is Calcium? The chemical element Calcium (Ca) is a malleable, ductile, soft metal. It's located in period four and group two of the periodic table. Calcium atoms have 20 electrons and 20 protons, there are two valence electrons in the outer shells. Its mass number is approximately 40.08. Calcium has four stable isotopes including 40Ca, 42Ca, 43Ca, and 44Ca; 97% of naturally occurring calcium is in the isotope 40Ca. Isotopes are atoms that have the same number of protons and electrons, but a different number of neutrons. In nature, calcium does not appear as a metal itself instead it appears in the form of rocks and minerals such as limestone, dolomite, and gypsum. Calcium can be found in countries such as Russia, China, USA, and France.

(Na3C6H5O7 + HCl ⇋ C6H8O7 + NaCl), neutralising it and relieving the person of heartburn (a symptom of indigestion).

Did you know that calcium is the fifth most abundant element in the earth's crust? Calcium has been used for decades for creating statues and other things. It was not till 1808, when Sir Humphrey Davy isolated the element. Calcium has a greyish silverish color, and is rather hard. It can be found in many things, for example bones, teeth, shells, and in various minerals such as limestone, gypsum, and furite. It is classified chemically as one of the alkaline earth metals, and is rather reactive. Calcium is used for many things like as a building material, but one of the most important thing we use it for our bones. So make sure you drink your milk!

     Osteoporosis is a health ailment which causes bones to become so porous that they can break easily. Osteoporosis literally means 'porous bones'. The bones in our skeleton are made of a thick outer shell and a strong inner mesh filled with collagen [protein], calcium salts and other minerals. The inside looks like honeycomb, with blood vessels and bone marrow in the spaces between bone. Osteoporosis occurs when the holes between bone become bigger, making it fragile and liable to break easily. Osteoporosis usually affects the whole skeleton but it most commonly causes breaks or fractures to bone in the wrist, spine and hip.

Even though calcium has been known for thousands years it wasn’t purified and identified as an element until 1808 by Humphrey Davy of England. Calcium isn’t just used for making strong bones it’s also used to remove nonmetal from different metals mixes. Calcium compounds are most commonly found in sedimentary rocks such as limestone, chalk, and marbles where I carbonate minerals.

Calcium(Ca) is a soft, silvery-white, reactive metal. Its chemical symbol is Ca and it has an atomic number of 20. It is the fifth element on the periodic table and is the fifth most abundant element found in Earth’s crust. Calcium is an alkaline earth metal. Therefore, it reacts with water and when it comes in contact with air it creates a nitrate coating to prevent further corrosion

We all know that milk is a great source of calcium, but you may be impressed by all the different foods you can eat to reach your daily recommended amount of calcium. Some foods that are high is calcium, are Collard greens, Oranges, Sardines, canned with bones, Salmon, canned with bones, and Shrimp. These are only some of the food you could eat to increase your calcium.

skeleton to compensate for the need of calcium associated with breastfeeding. Because of this, post-

In living things, calcium is a component of leaves, bones, teeth, shell, and coral. Calcium plays a vital role in good health, although it is a biological significance came to be understood only during the late 19th Century. It is most abundant metallic element in the human body, embracing about 1.4% of body weight. 99.9% of the calcium in our body is stored in the skeleton (bones) and teeth. The rest of 1% circulates in the blood stream; this was proven by a biochemist Elmer McCollum in the early 1900s. Bones have 70% of the calcium by weight, which gives them their strength and rigidity. Calcium helps control contraction of the most essential muscle in the body- heart. A British physician Sydney Ringer discovered this he showed that heart