Osteoporosis Research Paper

Osteoporosis is a progressive bone disease that is characterized by structural deterioration of bone tissue and reduced bone mineral density(BMD). Consequences include increased pain, increased risk of fracture, loss of mobility, and death (Osteoporosis Canada 2014).

Osteoporosis is a detrimental bone condition, the tissue in the bones deteriorate and thus the bones become progressively brittle which presents a risk for rupture. Osteoporosis impacts more than 44 million Americans and is linked to a suggested 2 million bone fractures each year. According to the National Osteoporosis Foundation, the amount of fissures due to osteoporosis may escalate above 3 million by the year 2025. Osteoporosis is typically undetected and advances with slight warning signs until a fissure ensues. Effects of osteoporosis encompass height reduction and a curved upper back, anyone can have osteoporosis, however it is prevalent in elderly women and many may break a bone due to this condition. Recovery and prevention are vital in combating osteoporosis, though it may never be eradicated one can take measures to stabilize bone density and gain strength.

osteoporosis is and what it does to the rest of the human body, but how does it affect

in the development and onset of this disease. Sex hormones, such as estrogen previously mentioned, as well as testosterone in men can help build and maintain healthy bones. When these hormone levels decrease, which is not uncommon in old age, the chance for osteoporosis increase significantly.

As generally stated in the introduction, osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder that involves the strength and integrity of one’s bones. The WHO defines osteoporosis as, “a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by low-bone mass, deterioration of bone tissue, increased bone fragility, and its susceptibly to recurrent fractures.” 2 The most important factor to take into account when addressing osteoporosis is the mass of bone, also referred to as, bone mineral density (BMD). As bone mass begins to decline, typically in the older population, specifically postmenopausal women, individuals are at an increased risk for fractures.3 As a result of this serious condition, many people are affected by morbidity, mortality, and economic difficulty.1

Osteoporosis is a medical condition in which the bones become brittle from the loss of tissue, generally as a result of specific changes. Risk factors that take part in the disease are things such as unchangeable risks like sex, age, race, family history and the size of the individual. Other risk factors include hormone levels and medication as well as dietary factors and life choices. Life choices that play a role are sedentary lifestyle these are people who spend a lot of time sitting have a higher risk of osteoporosis than do their more-active counterparts, weight-bearing exercise is beneficial for your bones to ensure the bone remolding cycle ensures them to grow strong (MayoClinic, 2013). Common symptoms that one should take into

Osteoporosis is a degenerative disease of the bones generally brought on by the process of aging, unfortunately there can also be a number of underlying or secondary causes; however, preventative care and drug treatments can minimize the severity of this prevalent disease. Osteoporosis has been estimated to affect more than 200 million people worldwide (Bethel, 2015). According to the National Osteoporosis Foundation, 9.9 million Americans have osteoporosis and an additional 43.1 million have low bone density.

Osteoporosis is a bone disease due to calcium loss. As a result the bones lose strength and density. People are usually unaware that they have the condition until they experience a fracture.

396). When blood calcium needs to be replenished, the trabecular bone gives up minerals. The loss of trabecular bone is significantly apparent in men and women in their 30s. However, the trabecular bone can start to desintegrate whenever calcium withdrawals exceed deposits. Furthermore, cortical bone also gives up calcium, however this occurs at a slower and steadier pace. The cortical bone begins to give up ususally around someone in their 40s. Therefore, as bone loss continues, bone density begins to decline, which causes osteoporosis to become apparent. For instance, "Bones become so fragil that even the body's own weight can overburden the spine - vertebrae may suddenly disintegrate and crush down, painfully pinching major nerves" (Whitney & Rolfes, 2013, p. 396). Nonmodifiable risk factors for osteoporosis tend to occur in the older age, female gender, smaller frame Caucasian, Asian, or Hispanic/Latino. In addition, it occurs in people with family history of osteoporosis or fractures. However, modifiable risk factors include, sedentary lifestyle, diet inadequare in clacium and vitamin D, diet excessive in protein, sodium, caffeine, cigarrette smoking, alcohole abuse and low

Osteoporosis is developed when the bones lose minerals (such as calcium) too quickly and the body cannot replace them fast enough. This causes bone density to decrease and the bones to become porous, making them more fragile and susceptible to breaking. There are many risk factors for osteoporosis, some of which can be changed, some of which cannot. Those that cannot be changed include gender (women are more likely to develop osteoporosis), age (older people have a higher risk), physical build (smaller people have more of a chance), and family history (those with parents who have/had osteoporosis are more at risk). However, factors that can be changed include the level of sex hormones, diet, inactive lifestyle, excessive use of alcohol, smoking,

Osteoporosis is commonly known around the world as the numbers continue to increase every year. Osteoporosis is known to cause problems in middle aged women and occasionally effecting some men (1), currently reaching the number of 200million women diagnosed with osteoporosis (2). Arthritis Organisation states that anyone can get osteoporosis but women are about four times more likely than men to develop it, with two main reasons contributing to this fact. For several years after menopause occurs (ovaries stop producing oestrogen), the process of bone loss speeds up, increasing the chance of being diagnosed with osteoporosis. Yet men generally reach a higher level of bone density before the process of bone loss begins. Although

Osteoporosis is disease cause by low bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue. This disease increase the fragility of the wrist, shoulder, hip and spine. This disease occurs without any symptoms and can affect any age group, but it mainly affects elderly women and men. Osteoporosis relates to density because people have this disease have a low or very low bone density causing some of their bones to be very fragile and painful.

These include eating a diet with enough calcium and vitamin D. Good food sources of these nutrients include: milk, yogurt and cheeses, sardines, greens, soy foods, such as tofu or soymilk, salmon, and nuts and seeds. Weight bearing exercises such as walking, jogging, hiking, stair climbing, dancing, etc., help keep bones strong. Smoking and regular alcohol use is bad for bones as well as many other parts of the body, therefore avoiding these items will help in keeping bones healthy. In some cases medications may be needed to help slow the deterioration of bones and/or to encourage bone growth. Doctors may also recommend a person with osteoporosis take calcium and Vitamin D supplement if these nutrients are lacking. Hormone replacement may also be prescribed if the osteoporosis is believed to be related to decreased estrogen in women or decreased testosterone in men.

     Osteoporosis can be prevented. Regular exercise can reduce the likelihood of bone fractures associated with osteoporosis. Studies show that exercises requiring muscles to pull on bones, cause the bones to retain and perhaps even gain density. Researchers found that women who walk a mile a day have four to seven more years of bone in reserve than women who don't. Some of the recommended exercises include: weight-bearing exercises, riding stationary bicycles, using rowing machines, walking, and jogging. Avoiding smoking and watching what you drink can also decrease your chances of acquiring osteoporosis. Most important of all, a diet that includes an adequate amount of calcium (from milk and dairy products such as cheese and yogurt), vitamin D, and protein

Bone density is made up by about 20% of your lifestyle and 80% is from your heredity. Osteoporosis is a bone disease that decreases bone density. Characteristics of this disease include: decreased height, increased curve of the spine, and falling due to fractures. Since osteoporosis affects bones only, it does not affect any other body systems except for the skeletal system. The cause of osteoporosis occurs as people become older. Their bone mass is lost faster than it is created, unlike when people are younger their body makes bone faster than it breaks it down. Chemically osteoporosis decreases calcium intake, lowers vitamin D level, increased bone resorption, and hyperparathyroidism can result.