Otezla Case Study Sharon

This essay explores and reflects on the lived experiences of an elderly patient living with the long-term condition (LTC) of psoriasis. A case study is used to illustrate some of the key features of LTCs and the impact they can have on a patient’s physical, psychological and social state. It is also going to be looking at the effect some of the key features can have on a patients support network or family. In addition it will examine the nurses role in the management of LTCs and the health and social policies that may have an impact on the care received by patient with LTCs.

Psoriasis: This is a common, chronic and recurring skin disorder that changes and alters the life cycle of skin cells. It causes cells to accumulate quickly on the skin surface. The extra cells from the skin forms a thick, itchy, silvery scale and a red patch. It can appear at any part of the body such as the knee, scalp, elbow etc. it is treated with drugs applied to the skin, ingested and with ultraviolet radiation. This disease has affected about 1%-5% of the world population and it is more common to the light skinned people. Psoriasis may persist throughout a person’s life as it comes and goes but it is usually reduced during the summer period when the skin is exposed to ultraviolent radiation and flare ups are common during

Background: Plaque psoriasis is a painful autoimmune disease that affects up to 3% of the US population.1 Moderate-to-severe psoriasis can have significant psychological and physiological effects on a person’s health and although psoriasis can be controlled, it cannot be cured, so medications play an important role in reducing related comorbidities and improving patients’ quality of life.2

Sharon has printed 1427 letters from July 1st, 2016-November 30th, 2016. Sharon had a few issues in the beginning regarding which letter to produce for each referral outcome, but with guidance and informational documents created for her Sharon was able to fix her errors and learn from them going

Although there is not a cure for psoriasis there are treatments for it. The treatments are prescribed based on the sizes of the rashes,where they are on the body,age,and status of health. Steroid creams such as topical corticosteroids are used to suppress the immune system by reducing inflammation and relieves itchiness. Biologic treatments are also used to control the inflammation. Calcineurin inhibitors reduce the plaque buildup and moisturizing creams can help reduce the itching,scaling and dryness of the skin. Phototherapy which is also known as light therapy works on the skin as well. The ultraviolet light penetrates the skin and helps slow down the growth of the skin cells. Sunlight is also one, but having intense exposure of sunlight can damage the skin. Methotrexate as systemic treatment that is taken orally helps decrease

There are many complications and comorbidities that can arise from having psoriasis. One of the main complications that arise from having psoriasis is the development of psoriatic arthritis, a condition that affects the person’s joints with pain and inflammation. As the National Foundation for Psoriasis estimates, there are up to 30 percent of those with psoriasis that develop psoriatic arthritis, which can lead to a large risk of developing other conditions like cardiovascular disease, depression, etc. (Comorbidities Associated with Psoriatic Disease. (n.d.)). To the average person, psoriasis may seem like nothing more than a skin condition that can look unsightly. However, psoriasis is so much more than just a skin

In the following study performed by the SONIC group, it took place in 92 centers from 2005 till 2008. 508 adults participated in this trial that had not undergone any previous immunosuppressive or biologic therapy. Participants receive either infliximab, azathioprine, or a combination therapy. Once the patients reached week 50, conclusions were

Psoriasis is a skin disease and was first perceived as a distinct disease as early as 1808 [39]. The name derives from the Greek “psora” meaning “to itch” [40]. The patients suffer impaired quality of life similar to or worse than patients with other chronic diseases such as ischemic heart disease and diabetes [41]. Over the past 20 years, understanding of the disease mechanisms has most significantly and several effective development of drugs for treatments to be developed. However, we still lack a cure for this common and enigmatic disease and many patients experience significant side effects including skin cancers in non-lesional skin, abnormal renal function and liver abnormalities. It is anticipated that the identification of genes or antigens responsible for the occurrence of psoriasis will increase our understanding of its nature and make it possible to design drugs to increase patient compliance and safety and to reduce medical costs.

According to the American Academy of Dermatology, about 7.5 million Americans are currently being affected by psoriasis. Psoriasis is a disease in which cells are inflamed, causing them to vastly multiply, which then causes the skin to become red, patched, and raise above normal. Rather than taking 28-30 days to regenerate, the cells of a psoriasis patient multiplies within very few days. With this, the old, dead cells pile up, causing the redness and raise of the skin. This disease generally affects the patient’s popliteal, olecranal, palm, sole, lumbar, face, and inguinal regions. Studies show that the more surface area of the body that is covered by psoriasis, the greater the risk of death for the patient. Patients with 10% or more of

Psoriasis is one of the most common chronic inflammatory skin diseases, found in about 1–3% of the world general population (Szepietowski and Reich 2016).

Brodalumab is a human monoclonal antibody which blocks IL-17 receptor. There are three clinical trial phase were done by Amgen to determine the effectiveness and safety of brodalumab for the treatment of psoriasis. The three studies area, AMAGINE-1, AMAGINE-2, AND AMAGINE-3, which determine safety and effectiveness 210 mg brodalumab compared to placebo. AMAGINE-2 and AMAGINE-3 also compared brodalumab to ustekinumab. All clinical trials were controlled, double-blind, placebo controlled, and multicenter. The three trials compared the success of primary endpoints, PASI 75 and sPGA, to the placebo at week 12. Trial 2 and 3 also compared 210 mg brodalumab to ustekinumab for PASI 75 at week 12. Secondary endpoint includes: PASI 100, sPGA 0, PASI 75 at week 12.

Dithranol (anthralin) [1,2]
 The role of salicylic acid in stabilizing dithranol formulations was an accidental discovery, and led to the development of the Ingram regimen [5], which has played a central part in psoriasis management since, especially in Europe. After a tar bath in which scales and the previous applications are removed, sub erythema UVB is given, and the lesions then precisely covered with dithranol paste. The initial concentration is 0.05 or 0.1%, increasing cautiously up to 4% according to response, and aiming to avoid irritation of the normal or psoriatic skin [5–7].

Psoriasis is a multifactorial disease that remains largely idiopathic. It is known to be autoimmune and inflammatory, with both genetic and environmental triggers and aggravators. [1,34] In fact 71% of children affected have a family history of psoriasis, as reported by Morris et al. [36]

In this essay I will be talking about a treatment of the disease of eczema. Atopic dermatitis, also known as eczema, is a non-contagious inflammatory skin condition [1]. Atopic is the term used to describe allergic conditions such as asthma, seasonal rhinitis, and hay fever, which often have a genetic and hereditary basis. And eczema is used to describe when the upper layer of the skin changes. In people who have atopic eczema, irritant and allergy-inducing substances enter their skin which may cause dryness and inflammation, this is because the function of their skin which acts as a barrier to the outside environment does not work. [2] There are no specific causes for eczema, there seems to be a mixture of genetic

Psoriasis was copied from the Greek word psora, which means “to itch” (Jean, 2011). Psoriasis is a chronic, long lasting autoimmune skin disease that disturbs the speed of the growth cycle in skin cells (Stress-Related Disorder Sourcebook, 2016). Normal, healthy skin cells replace dead skin cells every twenty-eight to thirty days (Langley, 2005). Skin is the largest organ in the body. It protects from the environment, regulates body temperature, helps coordinate immune system regulation, function of touch sensations, waterproof, and prevents toxin substances from entering the body (Langley,2010). Psoriasis effects greater than three percent