Othello, By William Shakespeare

Shakespeare 's complex play Othello holds numerous pressing issues within its intricate layers that seem to leap out to modern society. One such issue seen by many is the representation of women. Women within the play can be characterized as submissive possessions and temptresses. This ideology, though commonplace in this time period, appears controversial to the modern eye as we deconstruct the characters of this play. This dominate patriarchal society present within the setting merely conditions this belief further as it is prevalent within the characters dialogue.

In Othello, Shakespeare builds up to the overall meaning of the play through the use of betrayal which results in Iago ruining everyone’s life as well as his own. Betrayal is central to the drama and it drives each character to making irrational choices, due to them being easily manipulated by Iago’s heartless actions that were motivated by revenge, jealousy and delusional assumptions

In Shakespeare’s Othello, the nominal character, an honorable Venetian general, is driven to madness through the deceptions of his honest right hand Iago. Iago plots to ruin Othello and through his deception, he drives Othello’s insecurities by implanting the idea of infidelity of his beloved wife Desdemona. Othello goes on to murder his wife, and after he discovers Iago’s plot, he kills himself. In a time when women were looked down upon, Shakespeare crafted a drama in which women took part in major roles. Modeled by Elizabethan England the women in Othello were portrayed in a light justified by society as in Othello, these women were nothing more to than objectified possessions, forced to submit to the ever dying will of their husbands. This is displayed by Desdemona and Emilia’s and relationships with their husbands.

A society consists of diverse cultures, looks, values, and beliefs. In a world with one predominant culture, those perceived as different from the norm are associated with negative images and treated inferior to the superior culture. The negative images associated with color, specifically blackness, has a detrimental effect on the victims who are racially stereotyped. The character Othello is a unique character in English literature, because unlike the other members of society, Othello is an outsider in Venice. He is a black man living in a white world, married to a white woman, and a leader of white men in battle. Othello is persuaded that his wife, Desdemona, is cheating on him, leading him to murder her. Some argue that because Othello was the typical black stereotype he killed Desdemona, but evidence suggests that Othello viewed his own racial identity as undesirable for Desdemona and killed her out of honor and self-hatred. Henceforth, the long-term psychological effects of racism affects an individual’s self-identity and his or her relationship with others.

William Shakespeare’s 16th century play Othello is a duplicitous and fraudulent tale set alternatingly between Venice in act 1, and the island of Cyprus thereafter. The play follows the scandalous marriage between protagonist Othello, a Christian moore and the general of the army of Venice, and Desdemona, a respected and intelligent woman who also happens to be the daughter of the Venetian Senator Brabantio. Shakespeare undoubtedly positions the marriage to be viewed as heroic and noble, despite Othello’s hamartia and subsequent downfall that inevitably occurs. Their marriage is then sabotaged by the jealous Iago, Othello’s ensign and villain of the play. While Iago’s ostensible justification for instigating Othello’s demise was his failure to acquire Othello’s position as lieutenant, Iago’s motives are rarely directly articulated and seem to derive from an obsessive, almost aesthetic pleasure in manipulation and destruction. Through the genre of the play, being a Shakespearean tragedy, and the structural devices employed by Shakespeare such as plot development, exposition, foreshadowing, dénouement, dramatic excitement, and catharsis, the key ideas of jealousy, appearance vs. reality and pride are developed and explored.

Love is complicated due to the fact that there is a difference of opinion and perception and it is complicated because people see stuff in different ways and interpret things differently as well. In the 3 texts dissatisfaction or complication is shown. Firstly in Othello love is presented as ephemeral and transient while atonement love is presented as unrequited and finally in cat on a hot tin roof love is presented as painful and troublesome due to unreciprocated feelings.

William Shakespeare’s Othello would not be a dramatic tragedy if the smiling villain, Iago, were a deaf mute. There is no doubt that the destruction of each character can be blamed on jealous Iago. The theme of jealousy helps propel the plot naturally and demonstrates the consequences of being morbidly jealous. The circumstantial evidence Iago provides acts like a lethal poison, which surrounds Othello in suspicion and envy but also turns him into an inhuman murderer. Jealousy is the ‘monster’ that unresonably conducts the great suffering in the story.

Othello is the character with whom most of Iago's methods have success. His weakness as a jealous lover is apparent early on, but only after Iago’s has planted the seeds of doubt within his mind. Such is Othello’s trust for Iago that he uses the misnomer of describing Iago as ‘honest Iago’ and irony considering the action held within the play.  The trust is obvious and implicit and thoroughly entrenched within the language. Othello surmises on the aforementioned doubts during the last act of the play when he says;

This is an accusation which is utterly fraudulent but believed to be accurate by Iago when he says, "It is thought abroad that 'twixt my sheets / He has done my office" (I, iii, ll.369–370). This supposed action of Othello is another provocation and reason for his downfall. The third and chief action of Othello applies not only to the tragic hero, but almost every other character in the play. Othello's tendency to trust Iago ultimately leads to his downfall more so than any other cause. If he hadn't trusted Iago, or had merely been sceptical of Iago's information or intent, the outcome would have been outrageously different. Before speaking with Iago about Desdamona and her supposed infidelity to her husband, Othello was happy and trusted and loved Desdamona. Upon planting a seed of doubt in Othello's mind, Iago was able to manipulated Othello and the other characters to frame Desdamona's affair with Cassio. If Othello hadn't been such a poor judge of character and even investigated a minute amount into the matter instead of sending Iago to do it, he would have caught Iago for the villain he was. Of course, Iago was confident from the moment the play started that Othello would trust him to the end of the earth, so Othello was fair game for deceit and coercion.

In the Shakespearean play Othello, Othello kills his wife on the assumption that she was cheating on him. Othello gets this idea from his assistant Iago who wanted to be Othello’s lieutenant but lost the job to a man named Cassio. The entire play revolves around Iago carrying out his revenge on Othello while trying to be named his lieutenant. During the play, the audience sees Iago manipulate the other characters to get what he wants. One of the characters he manipulates is Othello by telling him that his wife is cheating on him and sharing a bed with Cassio. Othello is further tricked by Iago,who gets him to kill his wife and clean up the mess that Iago left.

In many of William Shakespeare’s plays, the main problem or conflict in the plot or subplots almost always comes by means of a human vice, which is often combined with an external force or influence. In Othello, for instance, the main problem is Othello’s jealousy for Desdemona, all because Iago has wrongly convinced Othello of her unfaithfulness. In one of the Twelfth Night subplots, Malvolio’s pride combines with the mischievous schemes of Sir Toby, Sir Andrew, and Maria, resulting in the conviction of Malvolio as a madman. This same pattern can be clearly seen in Macbeth, one of Shakespeare’s most famous works. In Macbeth, the main conflict in the story is brought about through the meddling of three witches, who prophesy that Macbeth has become the thane of Cawdor and will later be crowned as the king of Scotland, positions which Macbeth had never even considered before. After having the position of thane bestowed upon him, Macbeth, totally consumed by the vices of greed, ambition, and lust for power, forsakes all of his morals in order to make the second prophecy a reality. The storyline starts off with relative order, descends into disorder and chaos, and the entire plot seems to self-correct back into order with the death of Macbeth at the end of the story. Macbeth exhibits the common pattern of order giving way to disorder correcting back to order that is prevalent across several of Shakespeare’s other works, and the causes and reasons for the disorders are brought

Women, especially Desdemona but Emilia as well, are obviously targets of male violence in Othello. For some reason Shakespeare’s play often put the emphasis on the role of the female characters and their influence on the main male characters. For instance, the result of the passionate love of Romeo for Juliet, the effect of Ophelia’s insanity had on hamlet, and so on. In Othello, Shakespeare made Desdemona and the other women in the play no different; Othello’s jalousie and love made the play a tragedy. Shakespeare made Desdemona the faithful wife of Othello. She was such a kindhearted and wished to make everything work even when the situation where she lost her handkerchief she tried to fix the situation and calming Othello. However, her innocent sympathy towards Cassio made lago’s lies more credible. Overall, one can say that her naïve nature causes her to become a target for the men in the play.

Shakespeare’s Othello, a play which begins with Othello, a moor and his wife Desdemona’s perpetual love, ends as a tragic as Desdemona is murdered by her husband and lover Othello. The other characters in the play such as Iago, Michael Cassio, Emilia, Roderigo and Bianca play an active role in this tragic end. However, more than the characters that play the active role in a tragic end, the inferiority of the women depict in the play ultimately results in such an ending. The only three women in the play are Desdemona, Emilia and Bianca and all three of the women portray the expectations of women in Shakespeare’s patriarchal Elizabethan society. They are in a men dominated society and are expected to follow and live under the male authority. It can thus be argued that in Othello Desdemona is marginalized and suppressed by the men in the play, as she is used for her sexuality and portrayed as a possession and thus she is depicted as the other. Desdemona is portrayed as the other in Othello, because Othello wants to stay true to his expected authoritative role. Shakespeare presents the women such as Desdemona as possessions through diction and his style of language, as his choice of word portrays the women to be read upon as possessions and property rather than humans. Othello in the play already holds on to an authoritative role as he is the general of the Venetian army, therefore staying true to his dominant and expected role is very important to him. Desdemona is portrayed as

Shakespeare’s Othello peels back the layers of society’s underlying feelings regarding people who lie outside of the perceived standard norm. It digs into the heart of society and reveals the damage that is placed upon individuals who are considered outsiders, even if they manage to achieve success. In this particular play, the audience is able to see how the subtleties of racial bias slowly destroy a person’s psyche. Throughout the play, the audience examines Othello cast in both negative and positive positions. Othello is both a great general of the Venetian army as well as, just “the moor” who used “magic” to trick his wife, Desdemona, into a marriage. Through harmful racial language Othello is constantly reminded of his outsider status. The destruction of his character through blatant and subtle criticisms cause Othello to doubt his self-worth and ultimately leads to his self-destruction.

William Shakespeare wrote Othello during a time of great racial tension in England. In the drama, he introduces Othello, a military general who works for the state of Venice but is by origin a Moor (a black Arab). This gives him the unique position of being one of the most important men in Venice, while simultaneously being seen as an outsider. In writing such a character for a seventeenth century English audience, the author is clearly attempting to send a message. This tension between human desire and the need for control, not only in politics but in intimate relationships, is an equalizing force among humans of different races, backgrounds, and societal status. Othello conveys a theme that all humans – even those considered outsiders, even those in powerful positions – are vulnerable to destruction through their own lusts, jealousies, and desires. While, Othello is written as a tragic character, it is important to note that the source of his tragedy was not his color or background, but his human weaknesses that were, in some measure, shared by all the characters. This paper will explore how human desires and weaknesses can bring about destruction, particularly when exploited by an ill-intentioned individual.