Ou Our Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Over the course of the modern age, the human body was still a mystery waiting to be solved. The body contains secrets one can only hope to discover. Over the twentieth century, scientists tried to understand one of the most complex concepts in the biological field. DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) was at the forefront of research. Several theories claimed to have solved the structural concept of DNA. However, it was not until Francis Crick and James D. Watson discovered the true structure, the double helix. However, many potential models of DNA had passed through the biology field until eventual lose of credibility. The past models would contain a fixed detail that would make the entire concept invalid. In James D. Watson book, The Double Helix, he illustrates his path amid incorrect theories until he reaches the model that is taught around the world today.

While he was researching, he began to study genes. It was thought at that time period that genes were made out of proteins and were able to duplicate themselves, hence the passing on of genes. DNA was considered nothing but a structural support for the proteins. But Watson was not sure of this. Watson read about the Avery-MacLeod-McCarty experiment, conducted by the people in the title, which implied that DNA was the genetic molecule. Watson later went to Copenhagen University for one year of postdoctoral research. At the university, biochemist Herman Kalckar wanted to use bacteriophages as an experimental system to study the synthesis of nucleic acids. Watson, on the other hand, wanted to see what was the structure of DNA. After some inconclusive experiments, he went to Italy. At Italy, Maurice Wilkins was giving a lecture about his X-ray diffraction of DNA. Afterward, Watson was now determined to find DNA's molecular structure. In 1951, Watson went to England at the Stazione Zoologica 'Anton Dohrn' in Naples to perform X-ray diffraction experiments. On 1953, using data from his experiments and other peoples' (some without

The Double Helix, written by James D. Watson, is an autobiographical portrayal of the race to discover the molecular structure DNA. The characters throughout the book consist of Francis Crick, Maurice Wilkins, Linus Pauling, Peter Pauling, Rosalind Franklin, and Erwin Chargaff. Crick was Watson’s partner in the discovery of DNA. Maurice Wilkins worked at King’s College in London and made Watson’s interest in DNA more prominent. Linus Pauling was a chemist at Caltech in California and was intensely close to beating Watson and Crick to the figuring out the structure of DNA. Rosalind Franklin worked under Maurice Wilkins at King’s College faced gender bias as a woman. Sir Lawrence Bragg was the Director of the Cavendish Laboratory at Cambridge and the superior of Crick and Watson. Erwin Chargaff at Columbia University was the scientist who discovered the rules in the bonding of base pairs. Lastly, Peter Pauling gave Watson and Crick their last piece of evidence to identify the double helix. The story was narrated by James Watson, who earned his PhD in Zoology at Harvard.

RNA self-replicates by the ribozymes, which provide catalytic reactions on their own nucleotides. Ribozymes can speed up a reaction and the short RNA sequences are eventually connected due to the ribozyme speeding up the reaction. The short sequences of RNA go with the ribozyme. The ribozyme speeds up the entire polymerization of the sequences. The short sequences become one long strand of RNA. The nucleic acid replication evolved by the ribozymes putting together the short sequences of RNA making a large molecule.

On February 28, 1953, James D. Watson and Frances H.C. Crick, Scientists of Cambridge University made a breakthrough announcement for the Science and Medical Field. They had grasped the structure of DNA, the molecule which contains human genes.

Nucleic acid is something that a living organism synthesizes itself and there are 2 types: RNA and DNA. Nucleic acid contains the blueprint of the metabolism control and protein synthesis. It also improves a natural healting process and fortifies an immune system.

However, before Watson moved to Cambridge he worked in Naples at a Zoological Station and saw DNA’s x-ray diffraction pattern. This only made his longing stronger to prove Erwin Schrodinger’s theory. After Watson met Crick the two began working furiously toward learning the structure of DNA. It took more than one attempt, but in the spring of 1953, the two had constructed the double-helical structure known as DNA. This proved that there were codes and that DNA could be replicated. Watson and Crick cannot take all the credit for discovering this on their own. There was another chemist named Rosalind Franklin that Watson and Crick used work from. Franklin had several unpublished papers that described the structural qualities of DNA. Franklin’s work went unrecognized until she would later die of ovarian cancer

DNA, or Deoxyribonucleic acid is the building block of life, every living thing has this molecule, This genetic code. But what part did he play? He did not create it (obviously)

. At aconference in 1951 Watson met Maurice Wilkins and observed for the first the X-ray diffraction pattern of crystalline, which inspired him to change the direction of his work study to the structural chemistry of nucleic acids and proteins. Luria then helped arrange with John Kendrew for Watson to pursue this line of inquiry. Watson then met Francis Crick at the Cavendish Laboratory at Cambridge, and the two men began researching and sharing their thoughts in their quest to solve the structure of DNA. By 1953, both men had proposed the complementary double helix.Watson left to attend two years at the California Institute of Technology. James Watson was married in 1968 and had two sons Rufus and Duncan. Watsons older son Rufus was diagnosed

In the early stage of development of life on earth on a molecular basis, some believe that self-replicating RNA molecules acted as the ancestral molecule of life before the more complex DNA and protein molecules started to evolve and develop. Stronger evidence has supported the hypothesis of the existence of an RNA world during the origin of life in recent years. The RNA world hypothesis postulates that RNA molecules were utilised to store and transmit genetic information, self-replicate and to catalyse simple chemical reactions without the help of any other proteins or molecules and were able to proceed perpetually. They have the ability fold up into a complex structure which either catalyses a chemical reaction or binds another molecule,

Francis Crick was interested in two fundamental unsolved problems of biology: how molecules make the transition from the non-living to the living, and how the brain makes a conscious mind. He realized that his back ground made him more qualified for research on the first topic and field of biophysics. Crick's period at Cambridge was the highest level of his long scientific career, but he left Cambridge in 1977 after 30 years. Crick became concerned with the origins of the genetic code. Crick was often very talkative, with Watson. His personality combined with his scientific accomplishments produced many opportunities for Crick to get reactions from others, both inside and outside the scientific world. Crick was often very talkative, with Watson.

They each observed DNA molecules and then came together to form one structure of DNA. They also had to use other information, from other people to learn how DNA works. In the BHP article, Crick, Watson, and Franklin, it states, “In their 1953 article, Watson and Crick did not discuss how DNA copies itself. They simply included this sentence: “It has not escaped our notice that the specific pairing we have postulated immediately suggests a possible copying mechanism for the genetic material.” Crick, Watson, and Franklin all worked together building on each others ideas finally finding the structure of

"Watson and Crick Discover Chemical Structure of DNA." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 11 Apr. 2016.

The work of Linus Pauling & Watson & Crick on the structure or composition of DNA was formed by several scientific experiments: the development made by the x-ray in the study of organic molecules in the micro size; The test provided by genetic scientists was DNA, not protein. They found that chromosomes were responsible for inheritance; They found by experiments that there are an equal number of bases A and T and bases G and C in the DNA; And Linus's discovery that the molecules of some proteins have helical forms - came through the use of atomic models and a deep understanding of the possible arrangement of several atoms.

1953, Watson and Crick discovered one of the biggest mysteries of the human body; the DNA