Outpatient Care Vs. Inpatient Care

Animals have been domesticated for about 15,000 years; surprisingly, pet therapy has only been around for a few hundred years (Ernst). It amazed me that it took such a lengthy amount of time for the human race to discover the benefits that animals could have on human health. The first time pets were recognized as having therapeutic potential was in the late 1800s when Florence Nightingale, the founder of modern nursing, observed and recorded the ability of animals to reduce anxiety in patients (Ernst). The use of pet therapy was continued by the use of other psychotherapists, but, at this point, no official programs for pet therapy had been introduced. One of the main examples of the people who also used pet therapy is Sigmund Freud, who, in the 1930s, used his favorite dog, named Jofi, during psychotherapy sessions; furthermore, Boris Levinson in the 1960s used his dog, Jingles, during children’s therapy sessions as a stepping stone for communication (Ernst). The thing I found most fascinating was the fact that these dogs were the pets of the men, and they just happened to bring them to their therapy sessions. It seems like an extraordinary happenstance that lead to the use of pets in therapy for the benefit of many people. However, when Levinson published his results, he was not immediately recognized for it, as stated by Lorraine Ernst, “Based on his collective experience, Levinson presented a paper at an American Psychological Association meeting, but he was not taken seriously until Freud’s experiences with Jofi came to light. Levinson went on to author Pet-Oriented Child Psychotherapy and became known as 'the father of AAT.” Personally, I am quite glad that Freud’s experiences were unveiled because they lead to the creation of many very valuable programs such as Therapy Dogs International, a program with

In the field of therapy, there are numerous of therapy available out there for different type of individuals and situations as well. There is one type of therapy that usually contains people and animal, it is animal-assisted therapy is a therapeutic approach that brings animals and individuals with physical and/or emotional needs together to perform the therapy. Animal-assisted therapy tend to be focused on individuals either children or elderly for them to be able to connect with the animal thus feeling comfortable talking with the therapist. Pet therapy works for all ages, whether sick or not (Lanchnit, 2011). Although, this paper, most of the focus is on animal-assisted therapy towards children using dogs.

Pet therapy is a way of comforting a patient. Although dogs are primarily used, they are not the only

Medical professionals have recently seen the positive effects animals are able to provide to their patients with mental disabilities. The emotional support dog MA recognizes

There has been a long history with animals and their natural bonds with humans for many decades now. Dogs have helped people with a multitude of illnesses for some time now, however Americans were not the first to discover this natural trait in animals. The Germans during World War 1 were the first to discover this. In the book, History of Guide Dog Use by Veterans it states that the German army in particular “relied heavily on the use of German shepherds as ambulance and messenger dogs. The Germans reportedly used more than 25,000 dogs during World War I. ' these dogs were ideally suited for this type of work, with ell-known traits such as trainability, loyalty, intelligence, strength, and endurance” (Ostermeier 587). In today 's society, we have numerous people who are unaware of the services that animals can provide for humans. Specifically humans with mental or physical disabilities. In this paper I will present various types of service animals as well as the many services they provide.

“Fibromyalgia is a disorder characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain accompanied by fatigue, sleep, memory and mood issues. Researchers believe that fibromyalgia amplifies painful sensations by affecting the way your brain processes pain signals (Mayoclinic Staff, 2015).” There are several theories as to why this pain continues to exist post treatment. Researchers have postulated that this disease process amplifies painful sensations in your brain, others retain that it acts like an arthritic condition as it degrades the joint capsule and most soft tissue within. These patients can display a wide variety of symptoms ranging from sleep problems and fatigue, to pain and muscle spasms and or muscle

Sara is in need of residential treatment due to her history of self-injurious behaviors, and multiple attempts of suicidal gestures. Sara requires a higher level of care which outpatient care is currently failing to provide her at this time. Sara continues to have depressive symptoms and anxious feelings for the last few months. The patient has had two acute inpatient admissions within the last 3 months and requires long term stabilization. At this time Sara requires 24 hour supervision and ongoing intervention and treatment.

Questions arise concerning the treatment of therapy dogs when visiting patients and whether animal-assisted therapy really works at all; however, those who disagree aren’t looking at the big picture. Animal-assisted therapy is both an ethical and effective therapy method due to its success in treating those with chronic diseases, disorders, and managing stress and anxiety. The varieties of cases regarding the success of therapy dog treatments far surmount the amount of cases saying otherwise. Animal-assisted therapy stems from the human-animal connection, one of the most unique and powerful bonds man has ever experienced. It is that connection that allows animal assisted therapy to be a critical part of everyone’s daily

Throughout history there has always been a debate on whether or not fibromyalgia is a valid health concern. Finally with today’s technology and medical research it can finally be diagnosed.Even though doctors are unable to pinpoint the root cause of these symptoms, we now know it is a valid and widespread medical condition. Fibromyalgia used to be called “muscular rheumatism.” Which is a neurobiological disorder that affects many in their daily lives. The main description of this diagnosis is chronic widespread pain, that can also disturb one's psychological state of mind. Fibromyalgia was not

In a recent study conducted by Rebecca Johnson, Ph.D., RN, of the University of Missouri-Columbia Center for the Study of Animal Wellness showed that when humans pet a dog, within minutes there is a huge amount of beneficial hormones known to be associated with health and feelings of well-being.(Becker par. 2) These hormones are called beta endorphin, prolactin, dopamine, oxytocin, and beta phenylethylamine (Becker par. 2). The hormones that are released from the interaction between the animal and the human allow the patients to feel more blissful and trusting. Along with being emotionally benefited from working with animals in assisted therapy; people can benefit physically. For example, people who have physical

“A Healthy Dose of Puppy Love” by Kathryn Satterfield describes a new study that shows that dogs can improve an individual’s health by lowering anxiety levels and by improving cardiac function. Specially trained therapy dogs visited a hospital in November in Dallas, Texas to help conduct a study that animals can improve an individual’s health, to do this people split the seventy six patients into a total of three groups: visitors with dogs, visitors, and an “at rest group.” For accurate results researches preformed anxiety tests on the patients before, during, and after the visit, and the results concluded that patients who received visits from people had encountered a ten percent drop in anxiety, while patients who received visits from dogs

According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), individual treatment results will always vary, due to the nature of the addiction and the quality of treatment services and interaction between patient and treatment professional. However, the majority of drug addicts, who remain in treatment, are able to overcome their addiction and improve their work, social and personal functioning. However, there are actually two very different types of drug treatment centers.

Small number of hospital are owned and operated by the federal government or for profit business. Veteran's administration hospitals and military facilities are operated by the federal government, the ones that are owned by for profit business can be publicly or privately held by means of issue stock and equity position and can be affect by a accountability, registration rules and regulations. For profit hospital are part of large multihospital chains/publicly traded, generally administered by the securities and

Fibromyalgia is classified as chronic and idiopathic condition causing musculoskeletal pain as well as other physical symptoms and its treatment recommendations have been established by the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) (Theoharides et al., 2015). In order to confirm E.P’s fibromyalgia diagnosis, performing a thorough physical exam, and obtaining a thorough medical history including questions related to a previous diagnosis with completion of the Fibromyalgia Survey is necessary. Fibromyalgia presents with the common clinical symptoms that include, pain, fatigue, sleeping difficulties and depression (DʼArcy, Kraus, Clair, & Kiley, 2016). Survey resources for identifying and diagnosing

The treatment of Fibromyalgia should be viewed as a “team approach”. Most chronic pain does not respond to drugs and may require an aggressive use of nonpharmacological therapies or “the rehab approach”. This includes a lifestyle change, physically, mentally, and emotionally. This approach should include use of a physician, occupational therapist, physical therapist, massage therapist, chiropractor, an acupuncturist and any specialists, such as a Rheumatologist. Mondell, D. L., & Wright, P. (2005).