Overcoming Racism And Diversity In Literature

Maya Angelou and Amy Tan discuss religious problems and culture differences in their literature. The authors have captured these differences by their past experiences of friends and family. Both authors come from a diverse culture, but both face the same harsh society of the American culture and beliefs. The Author's both tell about situations in their short stories of being outcasts and coming from different racial backgrounds and trying to triumph over these obstacles. Angelou and Tan both have a very unique writing ability and style in their short stories.

Any artist uses their surroundings as inspiration. An African American female artist deal with being the underdog. The situations they were placed in, ended up being inspirational moments. These moments became inspirational because they were personal stories, life learned lessons, and life changing moments. This essay only mentions three strong, powerful, monumental women. However, there are many more females who have helped the African American woman artist culture. They are still hidden. It is essays like this that help spread their stories, and their art

Maya Angelou and Sherman Alexie detailed their lives as a person of color growing up in predominantly white America. When reflecting back on their lives, both authors used various techniques in order to effectively make an imprint on the reader of the trials and tribulations both authors had to go through and what they learned from the experience. By analyzing Sherman Alexie’s “Indian Education” and Maya Angelou’s “Champion of the World”, a stark contrast can be seen in how two authors can use structure and various other techniques to tell a story with a similar subject to a different effect compared to the other.

In the mid-1900's, Discrimination had overruled minorities. In Maya Angelou's “Graduation” and Audre Lorde “Fourth of July”, these authors are faced with challenges that fit them for reality. However, they are challenged differently for they had different ethnicities. Angelou is a southern black girl while Audre Lorde is the daughter of two Caribbean immigrants. Despite this difference, they had a few similarities. One is that they were both eighth graders while experiencing discrimination first hand and second they become furious due to being discriminated. Angelou wanted to graduate peacefully and Lorde wanted a happy vacation to Washington DC with her family, but sadly that could not occur because they were minorities.

Having a clear understanding of who you are and how you define yourself helps fight prejudice and discrimination. Being on the fence between two very different cultures can set a person apart from other people. Two writers who share this lifestyle is Emiene Shija Wright and Judith Ortiz Cofer. Judith Ortiz Cofer is the writer of The Myth of the Latin Woman: I Just Met a Girl Named Maria which briefly in depth shares her feelings about prejudice and discrimination using her own personal experiences and conveying the message through her writing. Emiene Shija Wright is the writer of Saying Something in African which shares her experience and frustrations with discrimination and wanting to “belong” and shows her transition to the way she decides

The literary works “Indian Education” by Sherman Alexie and “Champion of the World” by Maya Angelou both contribute to the very prevalent subject of cultural pride and diversity. However, each author strives to attain this common result through different rhetorical techniques. Angelou narrates a memory of watching African American Joe Louis win a televised boxing match, with the goal of exhibiting the steadfast conviction of African Americans in the face of discrimination. She attempts to provide a heightened sense of realism in “Champion of the World” through her use of colloquial dialect and rather informal style, which allow for a much more comprehensible work. Alexie writes about his experiences from his first grade year to graduation, using them to illustrate for his audience the hardships in the lives of Native Americans both on and off reservations. He creates a somber effect in “Indian Education” through formal diction and a rigid organization of content. The arrangement of his narrative into sections causes it to appear both orderly and understandable for his audience. Although both works achieve the similar goal of communicating the struggle of minorities, the use of specific rhetorical techniques give each work an entirely different effect.

A race war between whites and blacks has blighted American history since colonial times. In her essay “Graduation,” Maya Angelou recollects the experience of her eighth grade graduation in the 1930s to examine the personal growth of humans caught in the adversity of racial discrimination. Through narrative structure, selection of detail, and use of imagery, Angelou encourages young blacks to follow their ambitions with pride, despite what the “white man” thinks of them.

Maya Angelou’s essay is describing her eighth grade graduation and the racism that was prominent at that time. With an explanation of the roles at graduation, she begins excited for her own graduation but as she listens to the speech of a white man, she becomes angered with the racial discrimination that was hinted at in his speech. In the midst of her anger, she regained hope from the black valedictorian’s speech and proudly stated that her race still continued to live happily even with the limited opportunities that were given.

A strong and influential memoirist is able to grasp the reader’s attention and dive into topics bigger than themselves. Maya Angelou, the author of I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, describes herself as neither a hero nor a victim as she recollects her past. Growing up, Maya Angelou not only suffered from white prejudice and gender inequality, she was presented with situations that made her feel powerless. According to Angelou, “The Black female is assaulted in her tender years by all those common forces of nature at the same time that she is caught in the tripartite crossfire of masculine prejudice, whites illogical hate and Black lack of power,” (Angelou, 272). However, she found herself persevering through all of the adversity she faced and accepted her reality: “the fact that the adult American Negro female emerges a formidable character is often met with amazement” (Angelou, 272). Angelou did an exceptional job of describing herself as neither a hero nor a victim in her memoir, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings.

Today, racist sororities and fraternities on college campuses have grown to be a public crisis. Recently at the University of Oklahoma, the Sigma Alpha Epsilon (SAE) fraternity released a video including racial slurs and lynching of African Americans (Glionna et al.). This activity shows that there is racism among Americans even in the twenty-first century. There are many other publicized cases involving racism in American society which proves that racism is not just an issue of the past. The past contains elements of racial misconduct that can be explained by James Baldwin and Brent Staples. Baldwin, a preacher and published writer, writes “Notes of a Native Son” to emphasize his experiences and actions towards racism of a different time (50-71). Staples, a reporter and columnist who wrote “Just Walk on By: Black Men in Public Spaces”, describes difficulties and stereotypes from the nation and how he suffered through, yet, another difficult time in American history (394-97). Both have a way with words in describing past racial issues. But in comparison of Baldwin and Staples, one can see that the type of racism they experience, their age and maturity, and their response to racism differ entirely by noting the different time eras of racism that each encounters.

40 years ago, American government went from celebrating influential African Americans for only a week to a full month. This became the start of Black History Month. In the month of February, some Americans celebrate and remember black heroes around the United States for their efforts and accomplishments they made to help alleviate prejudice for present and future African Americans in order for them to have a chance at becoming successful and living the “American Dream” in peace. Though Americans still will exemplify discrimination towards African Americans today, vicious crimes towards blacks are not as detrimental as they used to be. As time continued from the beginning of Black History Month, many Americans have forgotten the importance of February. Black History Month shows that those who assisted in making America were not all of European descent. In my essay I want to bring the spotlight back to one of my favorite activists, Maya Angelou: a poet, author, performer, screenwriter, a strong, independent black woman who not only was intelligent but also the voice and the mind of the captive ones.

Throughout history, African Americans have had to struggle through a lot to be seen as equal. Ever since the start of the slave trade long ago, African Americans have been seen as little under the white man. African Americans have had to persevere and fight much more than the white man. In literature, African Americans are not featured a lot unless the book is written by an African American, this can be seen especially in children’s stories. Everyone starts out reading children stories, so the absence of African American kids from children stories means that children will not be introduced to African Americans in books until they are reading more contemporary works such as “Sonny’s Blues” by James Baldwin or “Things Fall Apart” by Chinua Achebe. Children should be more exposed to African American culture and not just the savage or drug side of African American culture.

Maya Angelou is a leading literary voice of the African-American community. She writes of the triumph of the human spirit over hardship and adversity. “Her style captures the ca-dences and aspirations of African American women whose strength she celebrates.” (Library of Chattanooga State, n. d.) Maya has paved the way for children who has had a damaged

    Alice Walker and Maya Angelou are two contemporary African-American writers.  Although almost a generation apart in age, both women display a remarkable similarity in their lives.  Each has written about her experiences growing up in the rural South, Ms. Walker through her essays and Ms. Angelou in her autobiographies.  Though they share similar backgrounds, each has a unique style which gives to us, the readers, the gift of their exquisite humanity, with all of its frailties and strengths, joys and sorrows.

For my research project I chose the topic of Racism in Children's Literature. I chose this area of study because it is something that bothers me and I know as a child in school I was very uncomfortable with assignments that dealt with racism. One day I would like to make a difference to all the people who are affected by racism. My hypothesis states that if educators are better trained to deal with the delicate subject of racism in children's literature, books would not be banned, yet actually teach the lesson the authors of these books intended for all of us to learn.