P. Aeruginosa

Unlike many environmental bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa has a remarkable capacity to cause disease in susceptible hosts. It has the ability to adapt to and thrive in many ecological niches, from water and soil to plant and animal tissues. The bacterium is capable of utilizing a wide range of organic compounds as food sources, thus giving it an exceptional ability to

The purpose of this laboratory exercise was to perform tests necessary to be able to distinguish one microorganism from 10 others. Using a series of biochemical tests and characteristics, unknown #22 was concluded to be Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A dichotomous key was mapped out and used during this process. Using this provided guidance as well as organization as to what the result may be.

After gaining some knowledge about bacteria, we were giving an investigating bacteria growth lab to do. Our objective was to observe the conditions required for bacteria to grow and to test the effectiveness of substances that may be antibacterial, disinfecting, and or sanitizing. My group and I began our procedure by gathering all the bacteria by swabbing our necks and mouths. After this, we inoculated the culture by rubbing the bacteria on the agar, a nutrient rich gel made from sea kelp, on the bottom side of the container where we grow bacteria, the Petridish. We hoped for the results to come back with little or even no colonies and an immense zone of inhibition around the tiny circle cut out of filter paper covered in toothpaste, Neosporin, and Chlorhexidine Gluconate 4% Solution.

On December 27,2011 Beaumont Health System noted an outbreak of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This outbreak was then observed and studied to find the potential cause. The patients that developed this bacteria were observed and had all undergone cardiovascular surgery and also were from the same ICU unit. There was no evidence of this outbreak in any other area of the hospital. A common factor

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aeruginosa has a large genome at 6.26 Mb, which codes for 5,697 genes, the bacteria measures 0.5 to 0.8 µm by 1.5 to 3.0 µm. It can often be found growing were nutrients are limited, like distilled water, it can use more than seventy-five different organic compounds. P. aeruginosa is one of the top three nosocomial infections, resulting in almost 10% of all hospital-acquired infections, with a blood poisoning mortality rate of nearly 50%. This opportunistic pathogen can cause pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and blood poisoning in wounded patients. The most serious complication of P. aeruginosa is cystic fibrosis, a respiratory tract

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa is a bacteria often found in the environment. It is the most common nosocomial infection affecting people with weak immune systems. Pseudomonas infections are usually spread by medical equipment which are not properly cleaned and by the hands of the medical workers. It can be prevented by washing your hands correctly and by conducting environment screening. They are typically treated with antibiotics. However, they are becoming multi-drug resistant.

The bacteria that was contained within Unknown tube #12 is believed to be Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Figure 1. The bacteria tested to be Gram Stain negative, producing a pink, red color retained from the staining process. When the species of bacteria was plated on nutrient media, the cells produced an irregular and spreading configuration as shown in Figure 2. This same plating test provided the margins and elevation, lobate and hilly, respectively. The specimen was stabbed in a Fluid Thioglycollate Medium (FTM) tube using an inoculated loop of the bacteria. The results of this experimentation indicate the type of oxygen requirement of the bacteria. The test found the bacteria to be aerobic as colonies of the bacteria began to form along the top of the FTM tube (Manual 2017).

In a hospital, Acinetobacter colonizes irrigating solutions. Studies have shown that this organism can survive on dry surfaces for extended periods of time. Many studies have revealed that past exposure to antimicrobial therapy has been the most common risk factor in acquiring an Acinetobacter infection. Patients with Acinetobacter infections have a history of spending an excessive amount of time in the hospital or using antimicrobial therapy. These infections are mostly seen in patients who have multiple intravenous lines, urinary catheters, or patients who are intubated. When a patient does acquire an Acinetobacter infection, they usually involve the organ systems which have a high fluid content especially in patients respiratory

Case #2: A 4-year study was conducted in Toronto, Canada that focused on an outbreak of infections caused by ESBL producing K. oxytoca in the intensive care unit (ICU), stepdown unit, and medical care.[1] Ongoing difficulties have posed a challenge in the containment of this outbreak due to contaminated handwashing sinks in the ICU.[1] This study was conducted from April 1997 through December 2011, that investigated the source of K. oxytocin outbreak, and the interventions implemented to contain the outbreak.[1] The outbreak occurred at an acute tertiary-care facility in Toronto with 472 beds, including a 16 single-bed medical-surgical ICU, a 6-bed cardiac care unit, and two 4-bed step-down units.[1] Isolates were considered hospital acquired

Introduction: There is many things that you least expect when you go to the doctor or the hospital, one of those things is contracting a bacteria in an area that you believe is to be the cleanest. This bacteria can live on the surface of many places in a hospital for many days and can be contracted by someone who has a weakened immune system or open wound. This is called Acinetobacter baumannii.

aeruginosa is one of the most common isolated strains exhibited natural resistance to antibiotics, in addition to its ability to develop resistance to further drugs (Yezli et al., 2014). A gram-negative Escherichia coli colonizes the gastrointestinal tract of human as normal flora and some of them acquired a virulence features that confers their ability to cause infections (Croxen et al., 2013). It is a major cause of urinary tract, enteric diarrhoea and systemic infections as bacteraemia, cellulitis, nosocomial pneumonia, infectious arthritis, peritonitis and the leading cause of neonatal meningitis (Pitout, 2012). Recently, E. coli has a global dissemination as one of the most predominant isolates with resistance to β- lactam and other antibiotics (Yezli et al., 2015). Enterococcus species are gram-positive cocci spread in an intestinal tract, airways, skin and other mucosal surfaces that the most important species are E. faecalis and E. faecium (Savini et al., 2012). Enterococci become one of the infection sources acquired in hospitals that cause urinary tract infections, bacteraemia, endocarditis, wound infections, meningitis as well as intraabdominal and pelvic infections (Agudelo Higuita and Huycke,

The genus Proteus contains four species P. mirabilis, P. vul¬garis, P. myxofaciens and P. penneri (Kumar 2012).One of the distinguishing characteristics of this genus that separates it from other members is their capacity of synthesizing Phenylalanine deaminase. No other members contains an enzyme Phenylalanine deaminase that removes an amino group from Phenylalanine. Moreover, all four members of Proteus genus is responsible for urinary tract infections and are contracted in long-term-care facilities or hospitals (Kasper et al., 2014). Proteus species mostly causes struvite stones in women or in patients with bladder problems. These species contains urease enzyme, which degrades urea to ammonia and carbon dioxide. Ammonia in turns hydrolyzes

Free-living amoebae (FLA) are eukaryotic organism found ubiquitously in nature. They are found in soil (dust), air, water and air, which provide amoeba multiple opportunities to spread (c). These can be pathogenic or non-pathogenic. Pathogenic FLA can invade and cause opportunistic and non-opportunistic infections in humans, which are found in the genus Acanthamoeba, Balamuthia mandrillaris, Naegleria fowleri, and Sappinia pedata (b). Hartmannella is a genus of amoeba which is in water systems of drinking water, cooling towers and hospitals. They are capable of harbouring micro-organisms like bacteria or pathogenic yeasts. This helps the micro-organisms to develop and spread (d) (e).

Minimizing Contamination in workplace is a standard operating procedure that needs to follow every now and then. This is to avoid the risk of contaminating other individuals especially in Health Care Setting. As a Health Care Worker, we must follow the protocol to provide excellent care towards the resident. Spreading microorganisms in the work place is really a threat to the clients because their immune system is low, they can easily acquire diseases which we can possibly control when proper procedure is carrying out well.