Essay about P1 Public Health Strategies in the Uk and Their Origins.

This public health policy paper will discuss and outline the Affordable Care Act (ACA) as well as barriers and controversies surrounding the policy and its relevance in nursing profession. The ACA will eventually affect everyone. Statistics reflecting United States health outcomes have proven the need for the initiation of policy formation within the United States healthcare system. “In March 2010, President Obama signed into law a comprehensive health reform, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA).” (Estes, Chapman, Dodd, Hollister, Harrington, 2013, p. 144) The ACA promotes preventive care—including related services and family planning—that should result in improved health outcomes and

One of the strengths of the NHS England is residents receive free fully funded medical care that includes all medical treatment, screenings including antenatal, dental, prescriptions, specialist referrals and optometrists (NHS England, 2016). Furthermore, while being free at point of access, the NHS system is an efficient, effective, care, safe, coordinated and patient centred system that was ranked number two worldwide on equity (NHS England, 2016). Free healthcare supports Ham 's (2010) claim that being free at point of entry is a characteristic of a high performing health care system. The benefits of free healthcare were that everyone was able to get the same medical treatment.

Preventive health care involves a wide range of interventions which help for maintaining good health habits, reducing the incidence of disease and disability, and slowing the progress of illnesses. These interventions can include providing childhood immunizations, raising taxes on cigarettes,

Health Promotion This is the process of allowing people to have more control over their health as this will help improve their health and well-being. It focuses on individual behaviour towards a wide range of social and interventions. Health promotion is how health is shown for example to challenge obesity change 4 life is used so people can have a guidance on how to make their lifestyle healthier. It also shows that health promotion is aimed at individuals whose health is at risk from any diseases from lifestyle factors, which lets individuals take control over their health. By being able to have control over their health it shows individuals what may have happened if nothing was done of it

In 2014 public health England published 5 different priorities that would help the public health system on a global

(D1) Evaluate the influence of government on factors that contribute to the current patterns of health and illness in the UK –

This essay will compare the 19th, 20th and 21st century in relation to the main public health strategies used in United Kingdom. It will also compare the similarities and differences of the living conditions in towns and cities between the three named centuries above.

William Beveridge was a man whom was asked by government to write a report on the best and most effective ways to help those on low incomes. This was after the Second World War when people felt they needed rewarding, which the government responded to by promising to create a more equal society. In Beveridge’s report in December 1942, he proposed that all people of a working age should contribute, which would benefit people who were sick, unemployed, retired, or widowed.

Public health means so many things, in the past it was called “health for the poor”, “washing your hands”, and taking care of “vulnerable populations” (Riegelman & Kirkwood, 2015 p. 4). In essence those are good definitions, but it is more than that definitions, public health is considered a

Dominique Robert’s (2008) theoretical framework in the article “Prison and/as Public Health. Prison and Inmates as Vectors of Health in the New Public Health Era. The Case of Canadian Penitentiaries” focuses on structural elements that explain the use of correctional health care in the prison setting today and how this plays a role in the broader public health strategies in the outside community. He does this by explaining factors such as “the mobilisation of prison as a tool for the new public health” and "the production of inmates into healthcare ‘consumers’, along with the role of actuarial justice.”

The theoretical framework that is used in this paper is Collins’s framework, which he describes as a simple tool for policy making (Collins 2005). Collins’s framework is a framework specifically designed for health policies and is an adapted version of Bardach’s policy framework. Bardach proposes eight steps to create a policy; he calls this the ‘eight-fold-path’.

The government holds a large influence on factors contributing to current patterns of health and ill health within the UK. In order to improve the health of the public in the UK, the government use a number of initiatives such as health education, protection against illnesses (immunisations), environmental protection, disease prevention and socio-economic support and protection. Another initiative which the government use to influence and improve public health in the UK is health campaigns, both national and local campaigns. One national public health campaign, Making the case for tackling obesity - why invest?, targets local authorities to invest in tackling obesity. [Public Health England, 2015] In the form of a presentation, it cleverly

Public health organizations address essential health concerns and services using three functions, called the Core Functions of Public Health (Shi & Johnson, 2013). First discussed in 1988 in a report by the Institute of Medicine, these core functions are “assessment, policy development, and assurance” (Shi & Johnson, 2013, p. 4). Through assessment, public health professionals and organizations gather information about populations and health problems and diseases within them (Shi & Johnson, 2013). Essentially, assessment involves monitoring disease and other health issues. That includes observing patterns and trends, examining causes, and determining necessities (“Public Health,” 2010). Policy assessment involves

In this part of the report evaluating strategies will be discussed. Strategies are action plans that are put in place to either prevent diseases from occurring or if they do occur to prevent them from getting worse. (Classroom Notes, 2015) There are many strategies that are available in order to help prevent and manage these diseases.

This report aims to discuss the multi-dimensional factors which influence the planning, implementation, and the evaluation of health interventions. The first part is the discussion of the impact of the determinant factors such as the demographic distribution of populations, the political values, the religious beliefs, the human values, the ethnicity, and traditions in the whole process, as mentioned above of health interventions. The next section is about the public views and attitudes on health and the factor that can alter health state such as illness, as well as the public attitudes towards health and medical advocates. Lastly, this report will talk the different influences of the interaction from cultural, social, national and international policy on the planning, implementation, and evaluation of health interventions in New Zealand.