Paget 's Disease Of The Bone

Gorham’s disease is an extremely rare musculoskeletal disease of unknown origin that is characterized by the uncontrolled production of distended, thin-walled vascular or lymphatic channels within bone, which leads to resorption and replacement of bone with angiomas and/or fibrosis and the destruction of bone (Lymphangiomatosis and Gorham’s Disease Alliance [LGD Alliance] 2016). This disease usually occurs in children or younger adults that are forty years or younger. Diagnosis and treatment is usually delayed due to the rarity of this disease and due to the fact that many physicians do not have the chance to learn about this disease (Patel, 2005). Because of the loss of the affected bone, the condition is also called disappearing bone disease, vanishing bone disease, and massive osteolysis. Osteolysis means the breaking down of bone. The word is broken up into bone (osteo) and breaking down or destruction (lysis) (LGD Alliance 2016). Fewer than 200 accounts of Gorham’s Disease are reported in the medical literature (National Organization of Rare Disease [NORD] 2008). The condition got its name when Gorham and his colleagues discovered two patients with massive osteolysis in 1954. In 1955, Gorham and Stout discovered further information on these cases and named the disease Gorham’s disease, sometimes called Gorham-Stout disease (Patel, 2005).

Osteoporosis is a progressive bone disease that is characterized by structural deterioration of bone tissue and reduced bone mineral density(BMD). Consequences include increased pain, increased risk of fracture, loss of mobility, and death (Osteoporosis Canada 2014).

Osteopetrosis is a rare, genetic disease that causes extremely dense and brittle bones. This is because individuals affected with osteopetrosis do not have normal osteoclasts, which bones need to work correctly. Healthy bones require properly functioning osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Osteoblasts are responsible for making new bones and osteoclasts are bone cells that are responsible for bone resorption, which is the breaking down of bones and providing space for new bone marrow to grow. An individual with osteopetrosis has osteoclasts that do not function properly, therefore their bones are not healthy (Stocks, Wang, Thompson, Stocks, & Horwitz, 1998).

It is the most common bone disease and more common in women and in the elderly

They further stated that the main purpose of treatment is to provide relief of pain in the bone and to prevent further progression of the disease. The food and Drug administration has approved bisphosphonates and calcitonin medications that can stop or slow down the progression of Paget’s disease, and also help with the reduction of pain as well as other symptoms. The medications work by helping to stop or reduce the breakdown of old bones, which will then cause the excessive formation of new, weaker bones. It is important for people with Paget’s disease to discuss which medication is right for them with their

Osteoporosis is a progressive silent disease that affects the quality of the bone, due to the decrease in bone mineral density , the bone becomes more porous and fragile, and the risk of fracture will increase , osteoporosis has no signs or symptoms , and people may not know that they have the disease until their bone becomes so weak that a sudden strain, fall will causes a bone to break, , the fractures that related to the osteoporosis cause pain, Disability, reduce mobility, long-term disability and reduced quality of life . The recovery from these fractures is slow, rehabilitation is often incomplete and patients nearly have to hospitalize or even have to home nursing. the most common sites of osteoporotic fracture are Hip, spine, distal forearm, and proximal humerus .

Osteoporosis is referred to as the decrease in bone density and mass over time. The interior bones become progressively weaker and can cause a stooped posture. This makes the individual more susceptible to bone fractures. Osteopenia regards a condition where the bone material density is considered lower than normal. This is usually a precursor to the musculoskeletal disorder, known as osteoporosis. The term ‘osteoporosis’ means ‘porous bones’. In this case, bone is a living tissue that is continuously being broken down and replaced. Thus, osteoporosis happens when the creation of bone does not keep up with the removal of the old bone. In this disorder, the bones are diminished and deteriorated in structure. This condition is typically prevalent in older women due to an estrogen deficiency with menopause. The lack of estrogen increases bone resorption and decreases bone deposition. In addition, osteoporosis can occur with atrophy, which is caused by disuse. Additionally, osteoporosis can occur in men due to the aging process as well as patients who have received corticosteroids, which are hormones used to treat inflammatory conditions.

The disorder usually affects arms more often that legs. However ,if it affects your legs, you may waddle when you walk. If your neck is weak, it maybe hard to hold up your head.

Osteosarcomas are primary malignant tumors of the bone characterized by the production of osteoid or immature bone by malignant cells. Although uncommon in general, they are the most common primary malignancy of bone in children and adolescents, and the fifth most common malignancy among adolescents and young adults age 15–19 years old. There is a bimodal age distribution of osteosarcoma incidence, with peaks in early adolescence and in adults over the age of 65. In children, the majority of cases are sporadic, while in older adults, about one third of the cases arise in the setting of Paget disease of the bone. Risk factors include prior irradiation or chemotherapy, Paget disease and other benign bone lesions, and inherited conditions. The majority of patients with osteosarcoma present with localized pain over several months’ duration. The pain commonly begins after an injury and may wax and wane over time. The most important finding on physical examination is a soft tissue mass, which may be large and tender to palpation. Osteosarcomas are commonly found in the metaphyseal region of the long bones, most commonly the distal femur and proximal tibia. Laboratory evaluation may find elevations in alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Characteristic features found on plain radiographs include destruction of the normal trabecular bone pattern, indistinct margins, and lack of endosteal bone

Hello everyone, I decided to research Paget's Disease for this week's unit 7 discussion. Paget's disease is a chronic bone disorder that typically results in enlarged deformed bones due to excessive breakdown, and formation of bone tissue that can cause bones to, weaken and may result in bone pain, arthritis deformities, or fractures. Paget's disease was named after a great English surgeon and pathologist Sir James Paget, who discovered this condition in 1877. Men and women are equally affected by this disease. Because Paget's disease can be passed on after age 40, brothers, sisters, and children of someone with this condition may want to have an alkaline phosphatase blood test every 2 or 3 years to screen for Paget's disease.

There are numerous factors that contribute to the development of this horrible disease, but the most important factor is vitamin D deficiency. When the minerals in osteoid crystallize, they require adequate concentration of calcium and phosphate. When the concentration is not at the correct level, ossification does not proceed normally (Huether & McCance, 2008). Vitamin D regulates the absorption of calcium from the intestine. When there is a lack of vitamin D, the concentration of calcium begins to fall (Huether & McCance, 2008). The body begins to regulate this calcium drop by increases the amount of PTH synthesis and secretion (Huether & McCance, 2008). An increase of PTH causes a clearance of phosphate and without the correct levels of phosphate mineralization of the bones cannot proceed in the correct manor (Huether & McCance, 2008). The abnormality of bone growth can occur in spongy and compact bone (Mayo

Because there is often extensive osseous involvement and because individual areas progress at variable rates, Paget disease of differing phases may be seen in the same patient. The end result is a thickened, disorganized trabecular pattern of bone, referred to as a “mosaic” or “jigsaw” pattern .Cement lines along the coarsened and enlarged trabeculae are characteristically seen; these lines represent osseous resorption and bone formation . The trabecular areas of thickening usually lack the interconnection seen in normal bone and thus are weakened and often referred to as “pumice” bone

Progressive destruction of the vertebral bodies as a result of the disease may lead to vertebral

Paget’s disease, also known as Osteitis Deformans, this is a genetic disease that causes an abnormal processes of breakdown, reabsorption and rebuilding of osteocytes. This abnormal process effects focal bone remodeling and can lead to irregular structure and altered mechanical properties of the bones themselves. The bones become weak and results in pain, arthritis, bone deformities and fractures; however, it is still unclear of what the

Bone cancer is a disease that occurs on or inside a bone. Usually, bone cancer involves a tumor filled with abnormal cells that will occasionally appear on the exterior of the bone. Similar to other types of cancer, bone cancer can be life threatening. Doctors are not completely sure what causes cancer, but they continue the search to find an answer. There are five different types of bone cancer that can affect people from ages 10-60 years old. Bone cancer can occur in any bone in the body from the legs to the head. Unfortunately, symptoms of bone cancer are not always obvious. Most of the time, pain is the most apparent symptom. When recognizing symptoms at an early stage, doctors can complete testing and supply treatment to