Pain Assessment Paper

Angelo is a 65-year-old male who has left-sided hemiparesis because of a right cerebrovascular accident that occurred 7 years ago. Though he has left upper extremity weakness, it does not affect his right upper extremity, which is his dominant side. Angelo uses a cane to ambulate between locations, yet he needs to use a rail in order to climb up stairs, and he uses an ankle-foot-orthosis to support his left foot. Although Angelo has no visual and/or perceptual deficits, Angelo struggles to flex his shoulder, extend his elbow, and both flex and extend his fingers. Angelo experiences diminished sensation on his left upper extremity, but it depends on the time of day. When Angelo sits down on a chair next to the table, he places his left upper extremity on the top of the table to support it, using his right upper extremity. In addition, Angelo is able to articulate

Patients are taught to avoid stressing joints, to use warm baths to relieve stiffness, and to use a

The proposed pain assessment system consists of two main stages: 1) face detection and preprocessing and 2) pain expression recognition. We describe each stage in detail below.

EMG biofeedback: Can be utilized to receive information related to motor performance, kinesthetic performance or physiological response

Therapeutic METHOD (with citation): Using a compensatory approach will allow the client to engage in the meaningful task of performing meal-prep and cleanup in her own kitchen. With the guidance of an occupational therapist, registered (OTR), Mrs. Hernandez will learn how to use an enlarged-handle knife in a natural setting (Deshaies, 2013) by preparing the vegetable pasta dish for her and her husband (minimal cutting to see her tolerance with the assistive device). The OTR will teach the client work simplification strategies in meal prep task using the enlarged-handle knife, enlarged-handle pans, and the cibocal assistive food cutting board to maximize effective gross grasp and avoid ulnar deviating pressures (Deshaies, 2013). Additionally, OTR will reinforce the training with proper body mechanics and posture (Deshaies, 2013). The OTR will not only demonstrate but also provide both verbal and written instructions on the proper use of the assistive devices, how to avoid static positioning, and positions of deformity, which may apply significant force to the MCP joints (Deshaies, 2013).

The proper way to ensure that this is not a constant problem is to make sure that initial pain assessments as well as re-assessments are done in a timely manner. It seems as though the initial pain assessment was completed using the pain scale but the re-assessment was not complete and documented in the proper amount of time. In order to ensure proper documentation of the re-assessment once the first pain assessment has been completed and an intervention has properly been administered, the first action step will be to make sure that the reassessment is complete within one hour of pain intervention. With electronic mars it is easy to build in a recheck into the system to alert the nurse that a reassessment is needed once the pain medication has been administered to the patient. When a pain intervention is done, a flag will come up to remind the nurse taking care of the patient that a reassessment is due. This will also resolve the issue on the tracer audit of how does the nurse know the intervention worked. Another issue on the audit was if no pain intervention was done what was the reason for it not being done.

for the beginning of my treatment with basic introduction of myself, followed by a summary of the assessments that were done by each of them. The next part will be education of the disease process. This will help the Johnsons understand the difference within each stage of the disease to better prepare the Johnson family within the home and community. Suggestions will be made such as a memory book, sticky notes, voice recording, a watch and calendar. Education will continue with the discussion of home modification information for safety. The next portion of my activity will be the enabling activity which will be 15 min. Mr. Johnson will start off with a mini memory task. COTA will begin by placing one card from a desk of cards in a drawer, the activity will continue to be graded by increasing the amount of cards in different locations. Mr. Johnson will have a pencil and note pad as a compensatory technique to assist in helping with memory recall, to help recall placement of each card he will write down the card number and the location. He is only to use his note pad when he is unable to remember. For the last portion of the session will be doing purposeful activity for 20 minutes. COTA will have a bag of tools that can be found in a plumbing store. Each tool will be unmarked with a price tag. Mr. Johnson will have to remember price numbers that will be given to him by the COTA and write them down in his note pad to help with memory when placing prices on items. A scenario will be given to him such as one to be encounter at his company. Breaks will be given as

Being in pain can make you feel unwell and have negative feelings. It can interfere with your daily activities, such as work, school, hobbies, or relationships. Pain can be a sign you have a condition that needs to be treated. A pain scale can help you describe your pain so your health care provider has a better idea of what you are feeling and how to treat your condition.

The interventions that I observed was the use of contrast bath for the Chronic Regional pain, E-stim, Ultrasound, hot packs for the pain management as well as to decrease the stiffness and swelling. The activity that I observed were ROM arc to increase movement in the bilateral upper extremities, sand box to increase core strength, Theraputty, peg boards, cognition pattern puzzles, visual perception puzzles, arm bike (rollator), bolts and screw for fine motor coordination, mini mental test to intact orientation as well as memory. I observed how therapist were teaching the patients to increase independence while transferring from bed to wheelchair to commode. I observed the use of adaptive devices to make the patient as functional as possible with their daily activities such as long handled shower brush, Reacher, sock aid, leg lifter, adaptive heavy weighted utensils and many

Examples of the techniques would be a deep massage technique, which is the application of the standard effleurage, petrissage, vibration, and tapotement techniques. Compression massage, is the compression into muscle used to create a deep hyperemia and softening effect in the tissue, but it is prefer to warm-up for deeper and more massage work. Ann a trigger point/tender point massage which is the combination or a positioning and specific or thumb pressure into trigger/ tender points in muscle and connective tissue. Before an event athlete love what’s known as a “pre-event massage”, it helps an athlete to prepare for a competitive event. It only last to 15-20 minutes. It is given within an hour before the event, but its main purpose is to warm up the muscles. The “post-event massage” is given to athlete to calm and relax any muscle pain and help ease muscle soreness and reduce inflammation. In it should last no more than 15 to 20 minutes.

-- Sit-down fine motor activity: Buttoning and unbuttoning on an ADL kit to improve bilateral hand coordination, fine motor skills, dressing skills, problem solving and sequencing required for buttoning skills.

It begins with the reflexologist obtaining a medical history and a few details about your lifestyle and current symptoms. Next, you'll remove your socks and shoes and recline on a massage table or in a comfortable chair. The reflexologist will examine and evaluate your feet. He or she will stimulate various points on the sole of each foot; this will help identify areas of tenderness and muscle tension. To warm your feet up, brisk movements and moderate pressure are applied from the toes to the heel. Specific areas that need work then receive more intense treatment. Reflexology of the hand is conducted in a similar fashion. Treatments should not be painful. If you experience pain, alert your therapist

ERGONOMIC HAND GRIP AND STRAP: Ergonomic hand grip contours to the hand to reduce hand fatigue,

What does heat therapy do? Heat allows the blood vessels to open up, this allows the blood flow to increase which will supply oxygen and nutrients. This reduce pain in the joints and ease sore muscles and ligaments as well as the tendons. The warmth also can bring some comfort to muscle spasms and bring back range of motion. The heat can be applied wet or dry depending

The Health Center provided Dave a variety of treatment methods to ensure he has a strongly crafted pain management program and lesson strategy which he employs to become increasingly active and achieve his goal of returning to work. He would arrive into the clinic early for his appointments and his physiotherapists would apply a hot compress to his back to relax his muscles. Following this treatment, he can access their