Paleo-Indians Evolution

During the early years of the Paleo-Indian tribes, they exploited a wide variety of exotic plants and animals. Many of these animals were from the Ice Age. This research paper will discuss what kinds of tools they used for growing crops, hunting big animals like the woolly mammoth and the giant ground sloth and what they used them for besides a source of food.

What evidence shows the changing from the early hominids to the modern humans? Throughout the human evolution body parts like legs and harms have changed for the better. By the early hominids being biped, meaning they are able to stand and even walk on two feet, it helped them to be able to do more things like getting around more and help with their tool making and hunting. A lot of the fossils discovered were found in the Great Rift Valley in East Africa, which contained many different lakes and small rivers. For many years researchers have been finding new species. These species have been named Australopithicus, robust australopithecines , Orrorin tugenensis, Homo habilis, Homo erectus, neanderthal, and Homo sapiens. These early

According to the standard accepted theory, the Clovis people were the first inhabitants of the Americas. The Clovis people crossed the Beringia land bridge during the period of the last ice age, from there they spread across the Americas through an ice free-corridor. However, recent finding have suggested that the first people did not walk to America but came by boat. This paper will examine evidence found in Haida Gwaii and other sites along North and South America that supports a different view of human migration to the Americas, the coastal migration theory.

1)Paleo-Indians, the first Americans lived in bands of fifteen to fifty people, and traveled within their territory to hunt. Archaic Indians experienced a warming climate. One of the results of the warming climate was better hunting. Forest grew larger with a greater variety of plants and animals. The changes allowed some Indians to reside in permanent homes. The ample supply of food allowed more peoples to live on less acreage. The weather also allowed for specialization of caring for plants; this was the beginning of controlling crops to better supply the people.

Anthropological theories concerning the peopling of North America is a topic that is widely debated. By far, Western scientists seem to agree that: “As a result of the vast amount of water that was locked up in glacial ice toward the end of the Pleistocene era, there was a worldwide drop in sea level of as much as 400 feet” (Sutton 19), creating a land link, known as the Beringia, between Asia and Alaska. Starting from this point about the land link, we find that Elias’s article “First Americans Lived on Bering Land Bridge for Thousands of Years,” is the most agreeable theory about the peopling of North America.

How the first Native people arrived has always been shrouded with mystery, yet there have been theorists to suggest they came in one way or another. “Heavily glaciated during the Pleistocene epoch (Ice Age), the early prehistory of Canada mirrors the withdrawal of the Ice” (Lightfoot 2009: 249). The Laurentide sheet and the smaller Cordilleran ice sheet had created floors of the Chukchi and the Bering Sea, creating a bridge between Asia and Alaska. This bridge has been presumed to be the route in which our long ago ancestors first entered the New World. It was then though Beringa, humans then begun to create settlements all over

1st movement of people into the Americas: from Asia who went over the Bering Strait (see terms) by land during the Ice Age

Humans covered vast areas of the Earth, some even during the harshness of the ice age, only carrying basic hunting tools.

Archaeologists believe that the first human beings to enter North America traveled from Siberia between 10,000 and 12,000 years ago. During the Ice Age, a period in time named for the reduction in the Earth's temperature, ocean levels receded, exposing land that was previously covered by the Bering Sea (2). The ancestors of Native Americans were able to walk across the land from present-day Siberia to the landmass that, today, is known as Alaska. Prior to 1550, the ancestors of Native Americans were nomadic hunters and gatherers, meaning they traveled in search of food. Around 1550, Native American tribes were practicing settlement. Settlements consisted of small villages that were centered on hunting, fishing, or farming (2). Approximately thirty Native American tribes settled on the land that is now known as North Carolina including, the Cherokee, the Catawba, the Tuscarora, the Cape Fear, and the Waccamaw tribes (2).

Indians arrived in America some 30,000 to 40,000 years ago. Archeological findings and Radiocarbon testing suggested that the prehistoric people who populated the Americas were hunters following the herds of wooly mammoths. They walked from Siberia across a land bridge into Alaska. They headed south toward warmer climates, slaughtering the mammoths as they went. As the glaciers melted, the oceans rose and covered this land bridge, creating the present-day Bering Strait and separating Alaska from Russia. By the time Christopher Columbus arrived, they were millions of what might be called First Americans or Amerindians occupying the two continents of Americas. The first noted documentation of the Beringia theory of the peopling of North America was by Jose de

The first people crossed into North America when the Ice Age had turned the Bering Strait into a land bridge that connected Siberia to Alaska. When the people from Siberia wondered they were near the Rocky Mountains and continued traveling reaching the Northern Great Plains. The people who stayed in America and did not go back (or make it back) before the Bering Strait turned back into a body of water came to be known as Indians. Theses Indians divided themselves into regions and tribes, and each were successful at different skills and developing different crops. The Olmecs settled in Mexico and were the first to build cities, pyramids, sculptures, and developed beans squash and maize. The Mayas were in the jungles of the Yucatan Peninsula, they developed some astronomy, math, and written language. Other tribes were scattered from the Great Lakes to British Columbia and California. The animals that these tribes hunted and used were elk, antelope, small game, fish, whales, seals, moose, and caribou.

It was during the Paleo-Indian period when early nomads crossed into the Americas over 15,000 years ago. These were the "First People" to inhabit the Americas. They 'd first crossed into North America until eventually splitting off from other groups and eventually migrating south through Mexico into the Yucatán Peninsula of Mesoamerica.

The Paleo-Indian Tradition was considered the first humans to come to Wisconsin. Through the Bering Land Bridge, these people came into North America. They inhabited Wisconsin from 10,000-8,500 BC according to the Milwaukee Public Museum website.

Battle between European kingdoms incited to an eagerness for states and trading posts that may sustain the rising nations. This expansionism familiar Europeans with African and American social requests that had created over several years, and the social correspondence that took in the wake of starting contacts between these human headways fundamentally affected western history. American Societies first there was Paleo (Indians) Paleo Indians arrived some place in the scope of 12,000 to 14,000 years earlier and made due by pursuing sweeping preoccupation. As the distinctive items, and wherever cultivating ruled the economy, complex human progressions flourished. Horticulture was an essential key as of now fundamentally that is the place most the cash and nourishment supply originated from. Mesoamerican Civilizations Early municipal foundations created in what is by and

From the Paleo-Indian period came the Archaic Period. The archaic was from 8,000 to 2,000 B.C. The people in the Archaic period began to adapt to their environment. Whereas the paleo- Indians traveled in small groups the Archaic people started traveling in larger groups. The Archaic people also started developing new tools. They designed baskets and nets which helped them collect and store food. To a small degree they did small scale farming, but it was not a big production. They remained solely dependent on hunting and gathering food (Encyclopedia Britannica). It is important to note that the Archaic period is divided into three sections called Early, Middle, and Late. A couple of burial mounds from the Archaic period were discovered. The