Pantoprazole Research Paper

The dose should be tailored individually to each patient based on their profile and blood pressure control. The initial recommended dose is 2.5 mg daily. Patients with a strongly activated renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) may experience an excessive drop in blood pressure following the initial dose. A starting dose of 1.25 mg Ramipril is recommended in these patients and they should be monitored closely. The dose can be doubled every 2-4 weeks until the target blood pressure is achieved without exceeding the maximum dose allowance of 10 mg daily.

“Drugs are bad for you,” a constant reminder everyone is told from the day they are born to the day that they die. As a child one doesn’t understand why drugs are bad; he just knows not to do them. Growing up some people begin to realize: although it’s against the law some people are still going to find a way to get them. There are good and beneficial drugs, and then there are drugs that are bad and malignant. One of the commonly misunderstood benefitting drug is Marijuana. In today’s society, most children and teens are taught to believe that any drug is a bad and most drugs can be. Marijuana, in contrast, is healthier and more beneficial than what society gives it credit for.

Atrazine is an herbicide that does not occur naturally, can be applied before and after planting to control broadleaf and grassy weeds. Atrazine is part of the triazine chemical class, it is mostly used for agriculture. Farmers value atrazine for its effective use against some of the toughest weeds in corn like lambsquarters, morningglory, pigweed, and foxtails that make it the most popular herbicide in pre-mix combination products. Atrazine is an odorless, white powder that is not very volatile, reactive, or flammable, and that will dissolve in water. Atrazine is used to kill weeds, mostly on farms, but also been used on highway and golf courses. The EPA now controls how atrazine can be used and implemented, only trained people are allowed

Many prescription drugs taken orally are absorbed in the small intestine. The amount of medication that reaches the bloodstream depends on how much is absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract.

If a patient is prescribed it, levels in the blood need to be constantly monitored. It is used to treat typhoid fever, brain abscesses and rickettsial and chlamydial infections that are resistant to other drugs.

A short course for 10 days post-EVL may be reasonable if we concern for ulcer healing. However, high-dose infusion (e.g., pantoprazole 8 mg/h) and prolonged use in the absence of endoscopic procedures is not supported by the literature and should be discouraged until evidence of benefit becomes available. (8)

This was the simplest way to obtain all the drug information needed from the package insert. The approved indication for this drug is PAH for patients in WHO functional classes II-III. Treprostinil is classified as a prostanoid drug meaning that its mechanism of action causes vasodilation of arterioles, which halts proliferation of smooth muscle cells and platelet aggregation. For patients without hepatic impairment, treprostanil is started at a dose of 0.25 mg BID or 0.125 mg TID. Every 3-4 days the dose is increased by 0.25-0.5 mg BID or 0.125 mg TID. The goal is to titrate up to the maximal tolerated dose. The use of treprostinil is contraindicated in patients with moderate to severe hepatic impairment (Child Pugh Class B and C), but can be used for those with mild impairment (Child Pugh Class A). In this case, the initial dose would be 0.125 mg BID and is increased by 0.125 mg BID every 3-4 days as the patient can tolerate. Oral treprostinil has a 17% bioavailability, with maximum concentration occurring approximately 4 to 6 hours after administration. The absorption of this drug is increased with the administration of food. The AUC increased by 49% and the Cmax by 13% following a meal in healthy participants. Also, treprostinil is highly protein bound. The drug is mainly hepatically metabolized by enzyme CYP2C8 and is excreted mostly as metabolites and very little as the parent drug. Treprostinil has drug interactions with anti-hypertensive medications due to risk of hypotension and CYP2C8 inhibitors. Common adverse effects include: headache, diarrhea, nausea and flushing. Rare adverse drug reactions include: hypokalemia, pain in jaw and abdominal discomfort. Precautions and warnings are an increased risk of bleeding, rebound PAH symptoms after sudden discontinuation, increased drug release when taken with alcohol, and aggravation of

The disorder I chose from the text was panic disorder. Panic disorder is a form of anxiety. It’s a psychiatric disorder in which a sense of fear or apprehension arises frequently without a reasonable cause. The majority of physicians will prescribe a benzodiazepine, such as Xanax or Klonopin, to not only treat but also prevent their panic attacks from happening.

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are one of the most important drugs in order to treat gastrointestinal diseases. Proton pump inhibitors are a group of drugs whose main action is reduction of stomach acid production. 2

Medications that can cause interactions include anticoagulants, probenecid, bisphosphonates, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, anticoagulants (Warfarin), antiplatelet medicines (Clopidogrel), aspirin, corticosteroids (Prednisone), heparin, other NSAIDs (Ibuprofen), Rivaroxaban, or Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) (Fluoxetine) due to the risk of stomach bleeding may be increased. Bisphosphonates (Alendronate), Cyclosporine, Hydantoins (Phenytoin), Lithium, Methotrexate, Quinolones (Ciprofloxacin), Sulfonamides (Sulfamethoxazole), and Sulfonylureas (Glipizide) side effects may be increased by Naproxen. The effectiveness of Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (Enalapril), Beta-blockers (Propranolol), or diuretics (Furosemide, Hydrochlorothiazide) may be decreased by Naproxen (Lexi-Comp,

Amprolium is a thiamine analogue, which is broadly utilized as a part of coccidiosis in poultry and rabbits farms (McDougald and Reid, 1997). It may interact with any administered drugs, as it is normally added as a food added substance to poultry rations. Toltrazuril is a triazinetrione derivative. It is expected for the avoidance and treatment of coccidiosis in chickens and turkeys (Vertommen et al., 1990). Diclazuril chemically, 2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-2-[2, 6-dichloro-4-(3, 5-dioxo-1, 2, 4-triazin-2-yl) phenyl] acetonitrile, is a potent anticoccidial drug. The utilizing of diclazuril is broadly as a part of most animal varieties including chickens, turkeys, cattle, and pigs for treatment and counteractive action of coccidiosis (Taylor

Phencyclidine also known as Angel Dust and Sernyl was an anesthetic drug used in 1950’s but was discontinued due to its dissociative effects by 1965. It started being used as a recreational drug that could be ingested, smoked, injected during the 1970’s and in 1978 was declared America’s number one drug problem by Mike Wallace of 60 Minutes.Some of the drugs side effects included hallucinations,depersonalisation, paranoia,aggressive behavior.The use of PCP significantly fell in 1980’s and less than 3% high schoolers abused it in 1990. It's a schedule-II drug in USA and only 19 grams of it was allowed to be produced in

Itraconazole is given at doses of 400mg daily for tinea cruris/corporis for one week and tinea pedis from 1-2 weeks. For nail infections it is given at doses of 400mg daily for one week every month for 2-4 months.

In the initial 4 to 6 weeks, the Alzheimer’s patient is given a dose of 5mg Donepezil once everyday which one can take in evening or before bedtime as preferred by the patient. When the Alzheimer is mild to moderate the patient is subjected to a dose of 10mg once in a day which is to be continued for three months. Furthermore, in case of severe Alzheimer the dosage is increased to 23mg once in a

A simple reverse phase liquid Chromatographic method has been developed and subsequently validated for simultaneous determination of Pioglitazone and Glimepiride in combination. The separation was carried out using a mobile phase of phosphate buffer (pH-4.5): Acetonitrile (45:55) v/v and using methanol as diluent. The column used was Inertsil ODS (250 mm x 4.6 mm i.d., 5μm) with flow rate of 1 ml/min using UV detection at 225 nm. The described method was linear over a concentration range of 5-50µg/ml and 5-25 µg/ml for the assay of Pioglitazone and Glimepiride respectively. The retention times of Pioglitazone and Glimepiride were found to be4.6 and 7.7min respectively. Results of analysis were validated statistically and by recovery studies. The results of the study showed that the proposed RP-HPLC method is simple, rapid, precise and accurate, which is useful for the routine determination of Pioglitazone and Glimepiride bulk drug and in its pharmaceutical dosage form.