Papers On Lung Cancer

What are lung cancers? Lung cancers are the abnormal cells which grow in uncontrolled manner in one or both lungs. They do not function as normal lung cells and do not develop into healthy lung tissue. The abnormal cells can grow, form tumours and interfere with the normal functions of the lung (Lungcancer.org, 2015). Lung cancers can be divided into two major types, namely non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancers (SCLC). NSCLC can be further classified into three main subtypes, namely adenocarcinoma, squamous-cell carcinoma and large-cell carcinoma (Longo & Harrison, 2012). Lung cancers can be diagnosed by chest X-ray, computerised tomography (CT) scan, positron emission tomography-computerised tomography (PET-CT) scan, bronchoscopy and biopsy (Nhs.uk, 2015). Unfortunately, lung cancers are often diagnosed at the later stages. This is due to the unrecognisable symptoms and warning signs at the earlier stages. NSCLC are often diagnosed at stage IV which accounts for 30-40% of cases whereas 60% of SCLC is diagnosed at stage IV. Lung cancer usually originates from the cells lining the bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli. Carcinogens especially tobacco smoke will alter the gene expression of the normal human lung cells, resulting in cell mutation. The proto-oncogenes will be converted to mutated form, oncogenes. Mutation leads to the decreased expression of the tumour suppressor genes. This results in uncontrolled cell proliferation, cell

     Lung cancer is the most common cancer-related cause of death among men and women. Lung cancer can be undetected for many years causing it to become more dangerous and possibly fatal. There is not cure for lung cancer or any cancer, but if detected in an early stage the lung cancer can be detected, treated, and hopefully terminated. There are many new and developing treatments being tested now that may save lives in the future. Through understanding what the lung cancer is, doctors can easily diagnose and assess cancer patients.

However, there are stages in the lives of all humans when the body finds itself in a position where it is no longer able to defend itself against ailments and diseases and eventually may even lose the battle. One such disease which claims many lives every year in this manner is Cancer. So far so, there has been no cure for Cancer but some medicines and treatments are now available which can slow down and in some cases can even alter the effects of Cancer, depending on the stage at which the disease is at that moment. For this paper however we would concentrate on Lung Cancer and its effects.

Lung cancer can be caused by multiple factors and many factors can work together to cause someone to have lung cancer. Besides smoking, radon, secondhand smoke, the environment and someone’s occupation can all cause lung cancer. As we already know smoking is the number one cause of lung cancer cases worldwide and over forty-three million people just in the United States smoke cigarettes. There are more than fifty chemicals in tobacco smoke that are ingested each time someone smokes. Some of these chemicals include benzene (which can be found in pesticides and gasoline), Formaldehyde (which preserve dead bodies), pesticides (which are found on lawns and gardens) and Tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines (Martin, 2012). When a person inhales the chemicals in cigarettes, they inhale thousands of poisons, toxic metals, and

Lung cancer is a very common to be diagnosed with and harmful to anyone who is exposed to many resources around the world: smoking (first hand and second hand) and pollution. Any resource that is made up of chemicals that are exposed into the air that people breathe, give the risk of affecting others with lung cancer. However, since smoking is the most popular way to cause lung cancer, many people are exposed to it from either firsthand or second hand. First hand smoking is when the person being affected is indirect contact with the source that is giving off the toxins, while secondhand is when the one being affected is not directly connected to the main source. Either way the chemicals and toxins that come from harmful resources soon will build up and affect one’s normal body

Lung cancer occurs due to cells in a person’s lungs that multiple at a rapid pace, which form a malignant tumor. These tumors in the lungs take away important necessities such as oxygen, and nutrients; diminishes the ability of the tissue to properly function. One of the most type of common lung cancers is Adenocarcinoma, which make up to forty percent of these cases. Smoking is the primary reason for Americans to be diagnosed with lung cancer, with a cigarette containing more than 4,000 chemicals that have permanent damage to the lungs causing long term effects (Conrad 2016).

Lung cancer was once a very rare disease, this disease was so rare that doctors thought that it was a once-in-a-lifetime oddity. Towards the end of the 19th century cigarettes and tobacco become popularised, causing a global lung cancer epidemic. In 2014, an estimated 221,000 adults in the United States will be diagnosed with lung cancer, (115,610 men and 105,590 women). Lung cancer is the second most common cancer in the US. The one-year survival rate is 44%, the five-year survival rate is 17% (cancer). The cigarette is the deadliest artifact in the history of humans. Cigarettes cause around 1 lung cancer death per 3 or 4 million smoked, this is why the epidemic is so large today. Cigarettes cause about 1.5 million

Lung cancer leads with both the number of diagnostics and deaths of cancer. Although it is typically caused by smoking, Lauren developed lung cancer because of the harmful chemicals and radiation that she was exposed to on a daily basis. She began to experience a cough that would not go away, chest pain, wheezing, shortness of breath, and even coughing up bloody phlegm. Some patients are lucky. Cancer is caught in the first or second stage, but because the symptoms are not common or regular until a later stage, it sometimes goes undetected until it is too late. Lauren was diagnosed with stage 3 because she was unable to detect any problems early on. In Jane E. Brody’s article, “Screening, and Enabling, Smokers” she interviewed Dr. Russell P. Harris, who stated, “’At best,’ he said, ‘screening might reduce lung cancer deaths by 8,000 a year. But in the year 2000 alone, smoking cessation reduced lung cancer deaths by 70,000’” (Brody 1). Cancer is not a death sentence, and one can often prevent it from developing in extremely simple ways. If it is not prevented, cancer patients go through a number of symptoms that drastically affect their life, and their loved ones’ lives. The first symptom begins with drowsiness and loss of energy.

Lung cancer is a type of cancer that starts on the cells lining the bronchi and other parts of the lungs. Lung cancer claims more lives than colon, prostate, ovarian, and breast cancer combined. It is thought that lung cancer starts in areas of pre-cancerous changes in the lungs. It then will develop into lung cancer over time. There are 2 main types of lung cancer, small cell and non-small cell lung cancer. Non-small cell lung cancer is the most common type of lung cancer. Symptoms of lung cancer do not usually appear until a later stage of lung cancer. Some

Lung cancer is an uncontrollable disease in the lung. Many people die from this cancer because most of it has spread to other parts of the body by the time the symptoms start to show. The definition of lung cancer is the appearance of malignant tumors in

|Specific Purpose: |To inform readers on the causes, effects and treatments of lung cancer. |

The good news is that people who smoke can drastically decrease their risk of lung cancer by quitting. Keep

Lung cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in both men and women with an estimated 222,500 new cases expected to be diagnosed in 2017, and an estimated 155,870 deaths, more than any other cancer site (1). A minority of lung cancers (only 16%) are diagnosed at a localized stage which is the only window of disease that is potentially curable with surgery (2). Nonetheless, 5-year survival ranges between 30-50% for lung cancers diagnosed at stage I or II, thus despite early detection and curative resection, a significant proportion of patients will die from recurrent disease within 5 years (1, 2).

Lung cancer is considered to be the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. There are approximately about 180,000 cases that are diagnosed in America, considering that 90% dies thru lung cancer alone. Despite of its number, it is the most preventable of all the cancers. Like every cancer it spreads out fast if not taken seriously, this due the abnormal growth of cells. The abnormal cell growth often leads to the formation of tumor. This cancer is very common and very deadly. The following common symptoms of lung cancer may include excessive coughing, chest pain, shortness in breath, hoarse voice, swelling on the face and neck, unexplained loss of appetite and tiredness. It may be hard to determine, if a person has a lung cancer. The

Each year there are about one million three hundred seventy thousand deaths worldwide from lung cancer. Lung cancer is a particular type of cancer that is more deadly and common from other types of cancer. Lung cancer for most people can be avoided because cigarette smoking is the primary cause of lung cancer. Of course, there are other ways that increase the chance of lung cancer that can’t be avoided, like if it runs in the family. There are two different types of lung cancer small cell lung cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer. In order to determine what the specific type is it needs to be looked at under a microscope as the two types have different treatments. There are many symptoms that may be associated with lung cancer, not all are present in the chest, some symptoms occur in different regions of the body. Lung cancer had a variety of treatment options. The patient's doctor will decide what treatment is best for them depending on their type of cancer and what stage of cancer they have. In the novel The Longest Ride Ira Levinson, a ninety-one-year-old man had been battling lung cancer for the past few months. Sadly his cancer did not get found early enough, so his last few years turned into only a few more weeks.