Pappa Case Study

Strokes are caused by a block in the blood supply to the brain which causes a decrease in oxygen and delivery of other important supplies which facilitate proper functioning. Fifteen million cases are reported worldwide annually, although not all of these cases are mortalities, the large prevalence of strokes ranks it as the fourth leading cause of death in the United States. (Figueroa) Because of the time sensitivity associated with the lack of resources to the brain, strokes are considered a medical emergency and early recognition of symptoms can help decrease the amount of damage caused . Although strokes do not always cause death, strokes most often leave the individual with some physical and cognitive impairment.

Mariam background is 60 year old lady admitted with left sided weakness and facial droop. Once confirmed stroke using the Recognition of Stroke in the Emergency Room (ROSIER) scale. Catangui (2015) states ROSIER scale is used to distinguish whether the patient is having a stroke or stroke mimics e.g. seizures or brain tumours. Computed tomography CT brain showed ischemic stroke. Ischaemic stroke is lack of sufficient blood supply to perfuse the brain/ cerebral tissue due to narrowing or blocked arteries in the brain (Morrison, 2014). According to Stroke Association (2015) statics shows that 1520000 strokes occur in the United Kingdom.

The health issue that this artifact discusses is the significance of knowing and recognizing the warning signs of a stroke. The American Heart Association has made it their mission to provide unlimited health information and research in the hopes of eliminating cardiovascular diseases as well as helping society in maintaining a healthy lifestyle. “Stroke is the number 5 cause of death and a leading cause of

My name is Shankar Pattabhiraman, and I am an incoming senior at New Albany High School. I will be graduating in June of 2016, and I am thinking of pursuing a chemical or biomedical engineering major in college, or possibly biochemistry or neuroscience. My career goal is to become a physician, or perhaps a physician scientist. I am especially interested in neurology-related fields, and this interest has been reinforced in several ways: participating in the 2015 National Brain Bee Championships competition in Baltimore, MD, volunteering at Riverside Methodist Hospital in the Neurocritical Care Unit and the Stroke and Brain Center, and helping Tony Hall and his friends who suffer from neurological disorders and diseases. I chose to study ischemic strokes because I am interested in neuropathology, both clinically and through research. In addition, through my volunteering at RMH, I have worked with patients who have suffered from strokes, and while the symptoms’ onset is sudden, the events leading up to the stroke are long-term but rarely treatable.

It is important that the type of stroke is diagnosed quickly to reduce the damage done to the brain and also to determine the right type of treatment because one treatment for one kind of stroke can be harmful to someone who has had a different kind. A number of different medications may be given at the hospital to help break up the clot and prevent the formation of new clots. For Ischemic stroke the treatment can begin with drugs to break down clots and prevent further ones from forming. Aspirin can be given, along with an injection of a tissue plasminogen activator (TPA). TPA works by dissolving clots but it needs to be injected within 4.5 hours of stroke symptoms once they have presented themselves. Hemorrhagic stroke treatment can begin with drugs being given to reduce the pressure in the brain, overall blood pressure, prevent seizures and prevent sudden constrictions of blood vessels.(http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/stroke/diagnosis-treatment/treatment/txc-20117296) Because strokes are life-changing events that can affect a person both physically and emotionally, temporarily or permanently. After a stroke,

Neuroradiological imaging plays an important role in the process of diagnosing ischaemic stroke. The different imaging modalities that can be used to diagnose ischaemic stroke include computed tomography (CT), magnetic imaging resonance (MRI), and radionuclide imaging. In this article, the different modalities that contribute to the diagnostic process are discussed, with a focus on CT scan protocols.

This tool is applied to the assigned CPG "Clinical guidelines for stroke management 2010" in relation to the management, diagnosis and treatment of stroke. Stroke occurs when there are blood clots

Anna is a 27yo, G2 P1001, who is currently 19 weeks 0 days as dated by LMP. She did have FTS that was screen negative. Her PAPP-A was somewhat low at 0.24 MoM. She has a prior child that was born with cystic fibrosis (CF). So far, the father of the baby has not been tested. However, he recently was placed on her insurance and will be able to be tested soon. She also hypothyroidism and is on a stable dose of levothyroxine bit has not had TSH testing for a couple of weeks. She is here today for her anatomic survey and evaluation of any markers for possible CF.

Cerebrovascular disease has specific therapy that can help people from getting a stroke again. When someone has a stroke, it usually means there are other problems going on with the person (Walker, Hall, Hurst, 1990). Strokes are heterogeneous disorders. In order to diagnoses someone with cerebrovascular disease, there are about seven factors that a doctor looks for. The first and foremost is to see if the person actually had a stroke and not something else. Second, the doctor would need to determine whether t the stroke was a hemorrhagic stroke or an isthmic stroke. The third step that needs to be taken is to determine the steps necessary that will keep the patient medically stabilized. Fourth, the pathophysiology of why the event occurred needs to be determined. For example, the doctor needs to see if it was an aneurysm that causes the stroke, atherosclerosis, or embolus. The fifth step is to find ways to prevent the patient from having a stroke in the future. Unfortunately, the next time a patient survives a stroke, they may not be so lucky to survive it again. This is why finding different methods to

These co-morbidities include, hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, and taking certain medications. (Ostwald, Sharon K., et al., 2006). These stroke-related co-morbidities are important to recognize and understand before a stroke occurs. People must learn of and accept conditions they have and be aware of the complications, such as a stroke, that can occur. These co-morbidities are also some of the main causes of strokes. When someone experiences a stroke and survives, it is often difficult to recover, and many complications and risk factors can occur as a result. A study done by a group of registered nurses discussed the difference medical complications stroke survivors can experience. They stated:

Stroke previously known as Cerebrovascular accident is well-defined as ‘an abrupt cessation of cerebral circulation in one or more of the blood vessels distributing the brain. Due to the interruption or diminish of oxygen supply causes serious damage or necrosis in the brain tissues (Jauch, Kissella & Stettler, 2005). There is a presence of one or more symptoms such as weakness or numbness or paralysis of the face, arm or leg, difficulty speaking or swallowing, dizziness, loss of balance, loss of vision, sudden blurring or decreased vision in one or both eyes and headache. Stoke is categorised into two types, Ischaemic and haemorrhagic

Conclusions- The authors were surprised at the divergence of diagnostic procedures and interventions for stroke victims; as well as those procedures that have a low-priority or should not

A cerebrovascular accident more commonly known as a stroke or brain attack is the term used to describe the sudden death of brain cells in a localized area due to inadequate blood flow. In order to woke the brain needs a constant supply of oxygen and nutrients. This supply is carried to the brain

Stroke is seen as a major health concern and this is due to the fact that every year, as many as 110,000 individuals suffers from strokes making it a key issue. (NHS 2014)

The primary purpose of non-enhanced CT in acute stroke is to exclude haemorrhage and neoplasm and to asses the extent of cerebral ischemia which would render thrombolysis contraindicated due to the significant risk of doing more harm than good. Once the non enhanced CT has confirmed absence of these findings thrombolyic agent should be administered to the acute stroke patient in the radiology department. If the extent of cerebral ischemia extends to greater than one third of the distribution of middle cerebral artery thrombolysis may be contraindicated. Time is Brain there should be no delay in reperfusion.