Paradigms Of Health

In order to develop nursing knowledge and establish evidence-based practice (EBP) in nursing, there needs to be a "concept model, one or more theories and one or more empirical indicators" (Fawcett & DeSanto-Madeya, 2013, p. 26). The theoretical framework can be advantageous in guiding and supporting the design and execution of an EBP change. Using a conceptual model (C) theory (T) and empirical research (E) provides the foundation for an intervention to an identified clinical problem. Known as C-T-E structure, the application of this system in nursing practice involves an elevated level of critical reasoning, which assists in knowing what data is important and how it relates to practice change (Chinn & Kramer, 2011; Fawcett & DeSanto-Madeya, 2013; Mazurek Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2015). The doctoral level of nursing necessitates the need to combine the understanding and knowledge gained from using the C-T-E structure, and then integrate the concepts and theories into daily practice.

I am going to write a report assessing the strengths and weaknesses of the biomedical and socio-medical models of health.

There are a lot of different definitions of health and ill health all of which are socially constructed; meaning that social issues usually influence a new theory or alter an old definition of health. In this section I will be analysing different definitions of health and ill health.

The development of knowledge requires a number of processes in order to establish credible data to ensure the validity and appropriateness of how it can be used in the future. For the healthcare industry, this has provided the ability to create and form new types of interventions in order to give adequate care across a of number of fields within the system. Research then, has been an essential part in providing definitive data, either by disproving previous beliefs or confirming newly found data and methods. Moreover, research in itself contains its own process with a methodological approach. Of the notable methods, quantitative research is often used for its systemic approach (Polit & Beck, 2006). Thus, the use of the scientific method is

This report will be investigating the various sociological perspectives on health as well as the models and definitions of health and ill health. These topics will assist in the understanding of how different people and different cultures react to ill health.

The Ecological Model of Health, sometimes also called The Social-Ecological Model, is one of the main models and theories that underpin the practice of health promotion. Defined by the Institute of Medicine as "a model of health that emphasizes the linkages and relationships among multiple factors (or determinants) affecting health”, that ecological framework is based on the premise that no single factor can fully explain the variations, the prevalence and the complexity patterns of diseases, as they are the result of a dynamic interaction of several varied determinants.

A definition, by way of contrast, of the key features of Marxism and functionalism will precede an application of each theory in turn to health.

In health and social care research tends to accept the methods of social science research because the projects often involve investigating people’s feelings, observations and attitudes, which do not lend themselves to investigation by scientific methodology.

Nursing research has been a part of nursing practice for many years, consisting of both qualitative and quantitative research; it is essential in guiding nursing practice. Many nurses have a baseline understanding of research in general, but it is important for the researcher to understand their own values and beliefs when determining the type of research they will be performing. By understanding the differences between epistemology, methodology, and methods, the researcher can confidently conduct a valid research project.

As a result, it allows us to create an intervention applicable for that particular situation for the better health of the patient. APN should not only use nursing theory but also incorporate theories from other professions (Kenny, 2013). Some of the theories of other disciplines are Piaget’s cognitive development theory, Erikson’s stage of development, health promotion or disease prevention models etc. All these theories have been applied to nursing. APN who are aware of theories of different discipline along with nursing will be able to utilize the model appropriate for the clients based on their illnesses and context (Kenny, 2013). I agree with the statement because health belief model, transtheoritical model and stages of change, social cognitive theory are the common public health theory which is applied in nursing as well. For instance, stages of changes are frequently used in smoking cessation patient. Also, APN can either use some or all of each theory. Whenever we are learning about theory for the first time, it might create confusion, anxiety and

Research paradigms are ‘the entire constellation of beliefs, values, techniques, and so on shared by members of a given community’ (Kuhn, 1970, p.175). The three most common paradigms are positivism, constructivism or interpretivism and pragmatism. Each of these can be categorised further by examining their: ontology, epistemology and methodology. Fundamentally, ontology is the nature of reality, epistemology describes the relationship the investigator has with their version of reality, and methodology is the various techniques and tools used to analysis their research.

Research methodology and methodological approaches that is, the structured process of conducting research and the overall concepts and theories which underpin research respectively (Bryman, 2008), occupy a central position in the research process as they are both shaped by and translate the researcher’s epistemological position. Epistemology then refers to a researcher’s philosophical stance about the nature, derivation and scope of knowledge (Gilbert, 2008). These positions are seldom ‘spelt out’ but rather understood in the matter of research methodology and approach (Sarantakos, 2005).

Modern science is currently dominated by three scientific philosophies, worldviews, or paradigms. The three dominant philosophies include empiricism, rationalism, and phenomenology/human science. Empiricism and rationalism are regularly referred to as received view while related worldviews and phenomenology/ human science are always termed as perceived view (McEwen & Wills, 2014). The two models dominated research and theoretical discussion in the nursing practice during the 1990s. Currently, attention has shifted on another dominant paradigm known as postmodernism view. Postmodernism attempts to integrate

This essay will discuss the key aspects of the health models Fonofale and Te Whare Tapa Wha, and describe how the key principles of these models relate to the everyday health of Maori and Pasifika peoples’. The principles of these models need to be recognised by paramedics, and acknowledge the cultural diversity of patients and the holistic way that Maori and Pasifika peoples’ approach different aspects of their health and well-being.

As humans remain different in nature, so are their perceptions and response towards certain issues of their lives and well being. The concept of health assumes to be a typical example of this and hence, poses debate about what it is. “Health” is a word which means different things to different people (Ewles & Simnett, 2003). This essay intends to critically discuss the meaning of health by exploring different definitions and their contraindications.