Parent And Peer Influence On A Preteens Development

- While children are influenced by many things, there are no stronger influences that that of their parents as they are usually their child’s first playmates and while the world expands with each passing year, parental influence is still one of the greatest factors in determining the ways in which a child will grow and develop.

They need to have a parent or guardian who is really concerned with their successful development. Also, the adolescent should have the opportunities to involve themselves in extracurricular activities and educational programs which aim at positive developments. These activities and programs help the adolescents in becoming autonomous in making their decisions and also being creative in their thinking. Through the guidance, the adolescent, therefore, learn to live with others in the society. Since the adolescents have a bigger capacity for change, the caregivers, therefore, need to provide them with the appropriate interventions, which can get together their developmental

There are different things that can affect a child’s development in their background these are just a few of them: -

The area a child grows up in has an effect, for example if a child is brought up on a council estate in poor housing they are more likely to have health problems. If parents are not working or have low income jobs they are likely to buy cheaper food and usually this means lower quality which can lead to health problems. Children and their families may have lower expectations. They might settle for the life that id mapped out. If a child lives in high rise flats or appartments they have less oppportunities to play. In poor quality housing there may not be a garden or safe playing area. This is reducing the childs opportunities to develop their physical gross motor skills. This of course is not always the case

The movie thirteen touched many important factors of adolescent’s development. Some of the ones I want to concentrate in this paper are: family system, developmental tasks, and peer pressure.

Throughout life, both children and adults experience varying amounts of stress in their everyday lives. For the most part, this has been proven to be healthy and crucial in strengthening their response to such stimuli later in life. This paper will focus on the findings of various studies in which researchers have found links between stress exposure and childhood development. Specifically, this paper will focus on the effects of what is known as toxic stress and its effects on the development of a child and its role in the development of mental disorders as the child transitions into adulthood.

Possessing a functional or dysfunctional family is of much importance to a healthy development, helping children through peer pressure, acceptance, and the anxiety of belonging. Yet how important is the environment that a child is raised on, this being shared or non-shared? How difficult or easy can peer pressure be? Will peer pressure help or deter a child from being functional. How much do these factors affect development from childhood to adolescence? This paper will explain the different stages of childhood to adolescence, and how a child and adolescence copes with nature and nurture .

As this period is considered to be the most integral developmental stage of life, the impact of social, environmental, and economic determinants can have long lasting, if not permanent effects (World Health Organization (WHO), 2015) . Children who in early life are subjected to adversities, such as poverty, inappropriate care, maltreatment, inadequate health care, or substandard education, are more likely to suffer difficulties later in life (Hertzman, 2013).

The Committee on Integrating the Science of Early Childhood Development from the National Research Council INstitute of Medicine proposed that 10 core concepts frame our current understanding of early development. This has influenced the way parents and teachers think about the importance of the first 3 years life because there are 10 core concepts to help them. These concepts are, both nature and nurture affect children's development, culture influences development and child-rearing beliefs and practices, self-regulation is an importnat indicator of development, children contribute to their own development through active exploration, human relationships, and the effects of relationships, are the building blocks of helathy development, there

Stress impacts the ability for children to learn and remember things due to the affect towards the brain, which can also impact them as adults. When a child is stress, the neurons, according to Eric Jensen, “generates a weaker signal, handle less blood flow, and processes less oxygen.” (9) The exposure to stress shrinks neurons in the brain’s frontal lobe. This is a crucial because if the frontal lobe is affected so is the prefrontal cortex, which is responsible for making judgments, planning, regulating impulsivity. The area of the brain that is being impacted is crucial for learning. Children experiences stress in poverty can cause, “impairs test scores, diminishes attention spans, and increases absenteeism and tardiness,” as Eric Jensen

Parents: maybe the single biggest impact on a child’s development. The influence parents have on their children is tremendous. They can quite easily help or hinder their child’s development by their parenting style and opportunities they afford for their children. The nuclear family has a mom and a dad, which is the societal norm. With the passing of gay marriage this year, the questions and prejudice of same-sex parents have been brought to light and revived. Concerns about whether or not same-sex couples are fit to be parents are ramped.

All children need some sort of adult figure to be able to provide for them. Adults play an important role in the life of a young person. In many scenarios it is our hope that adults use the knowledge they have acquired throughout their life to positively influence and assist in guiding a young person in a positive direction or to produce their full potential in general. If adults are dedicated to the development and progression of the generation of youth that we heavily influence changes for an in the future have a larger chance of actually being fulfilled. Public opinion polls reveal that American adults are concerned about young people (Scales, 2003). These studies support the important role

The main focus of this study was to examine the association of parent-adolescent relationships and the adolescent’s relationship with their peers. Previous research has found that parents do play a crucial role in shaping a child’s social skills and in their relationships with peers but this is prior to adolescence. The literature review had found that studies on parental influences through adolescence are not as common and the ones that were available typically only focused on how parents and peers influence social development in their own unique ways. Empirical studies have also displayed the importance of attachment and accepting parenting is for a child’s psychological growth. Since there was not a lot of research available on available on adolescent relationships with their parents and its association with peer relationships, Dekovic and Meeus wanted to dig deeper. They formed a study where they examined the relationship between both parents and adolescences and how that affected the adolescent’s self-concept and their peer relations. They hypothesized that the quality of the parent-adolescent relationship would predict the self-concept of the adolescent. The self-concept of the adolescent would in turn, predict the adolescent’s relationship with their peers. Questionnaires were administered individually to the mothers, fathers and adolescents in their homes.

“There seems to be only one definite statement one can make about bringing up children- and that is that they should be accepted as individuals in their own right and their differences from their parents and each other tolerated and encouraged.” (Anthony Storr 8). Parenting practices have evolved, and overprotective, or helicopter, parents are the new majority. Parents tend to have the desire to protect their infants, but as they begin to grow parents obsess about the cruel world we live in. Compared to early childhood, during adolescence, there is an increase in the chances that parents will worry more since the problems are larger. Because of this parents tend to overprotect their children causing them to grow dependant, have low self esteem, and have relationship issues. Therefore, parents and children should have more meaningful communications and healthy parenting boundaries should be reinforced.

“Each day of our lives we make deposits in the memory banks of our children.” Charles R. Swindoll. Not knowing if those memories are positive or negative. Each day parents wake up with hope that they can provide for their children’s necessities. There are different kinds of parents some are good for their children but some are not. Most parents raise their kids the way their own parents raised them, whether it was good or bad. Some parents are too protective; they are hard to get along with. Laid-back parents make teenager’s lives simple and joyful because the parents are there to support their children when they need it, without questioning. Then there are the parents who do nothing in providing for their child, neglecting parents, which can result to teenagers getting into bad circumstances. Parents are supposed to support and nurture their children; but if they do not do it properly, there can be serious effects in their children’s future.