Parkinson Disease Essay

Parkinson’s disease is a very well-known disease. It plagues about five million people worldwide, about a million of those cases are in the United States. A person does not lower their chances of getting Parkinson’s by living in a certain part of the world. It is not more, likely to happen in one location than, another. It has to do with age and genetics (“Demographics of parkinson’s,” 2014). It is a disease of the older generation, around about one percent of people over the age of 60 years old have Parkinson’s disease (Hauser, 2014). As one ages the likelihood of a person developing goes up. About four percent of people over the age of 80 years old develop Parkinson’s disease. The percentage of people who have Parkinson’s that are younger than 40 years old, is less than 10 percent. It is more

Although the etiology of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) is unknown, it is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) of ventral midbrain region [9]; [1]. Its prevalence is associated with age. Approximately 1% of the population is affected at 65–70 years of age, which increases to 4–5% in 85-year-olds [2]. Various epidemiological studies and pathological analyses have demonstrated that mean age of onset in sporadic PD, which accounts for about 95% of cases of Parkinsonism is 70 years [7]; [3]. Familial form of Parkinson’s disease is linked to genetic mutations and has prevalence rate of 4%. Familial Parkinson’s disease patients develop early-onset disease before the age of 50

To be honest, Parkinson’s disease scares me; the eventuality of being frozen inside of my own body is terrifying. I have a customer that has shopped with us for at least the past seven years. I can remember when his hands started to shake so badly that he would just hold his coin purse out to me to select his change for him. Now he can’t even remove his own wallet from his back pocket. He will turn around and I pull out his wallet, take out his money or credit card to complete his transaction and then put his wallet back into his back pocket. We don’t talk about it and I try to act like I don’t even notice it, but I do and it’s terrifying.

This paper examines the symptoms, the causes and the treatment options for the Parkinson 's disease.

The onset for Parkinson’s disease is progressive and increases as age increases. It commonly develops in patients around the 50 years of age and the prevalence is 4% to 5% in patients older than 85 years of age. Kluwer (2015) Based on the etiology, Parkinson’s disease is considered to be a nonhereditary disorder, however there is evidence that the environmental factors may contribute to some etiologic associations. The associated environmental risk factors include expo¬sure to well water, pesticides, herbicides, industrial chemicals, wood pulp mills, fanning, and rural resi¬dence. Moreover, there is evidence that genetics may play a major factor in Parkinson’s disease. According to Nolden, et al.’s (2014), a gene mutation called alpha-synuclein

Scientists generally agree that most cases of Parkinson’s disease result from some combination of nature and nurture the interaction between a people’s underlying genetic make-up and his or her life activities and environmental exposures. A simple way to describe this is that “genetics loads the gun and environment pulls the trigger.” In this formulation, “environment” has a very broad meaning that is, it refers to any and all possible causes other than those that are genetic in origin. The interactions between genes and environment can be quite complex. Some environmental exposures may lower the risk of PD, while others may increase it. Similarly, some people have inherited a genetic makeup that makes them more or less susceptible to the effects of toxicants, or poisonous agents, than others. The effect of a combined exposure can be greater or lower than a single exposure. All of this means that the particular combination of factors leading to PD is likely to be unique for each person. These combinations, in different ways, may trigger a common series of biological changes that will ultimately lead to the disease. Scientists are beginning to tease apart the non-genetic factors that influence PD risk. In particular, epidemiologists are working to identify differences in the experiences of people who develop PD, compared to those who do not. But identifying these risk factors can be difficult.

This paper will discuss Parkinson’s disease the cause, signs and symptoms, early detection, common associated effects, treatment, solutions to environmental and genetic effects, and illness prevention strategies. While covering all these topics we will discuss how important it is to know about this disease and how we can better treat this disease to help our loved ones when they are diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease.

Parkinson’s disease is one of the most common forms of Parkinsonism, which are a group of motor system disorders. Parkinson’s is a genetic disorder that occurs primarily when a person has low and/or deteriorating dopamine levels. Dopamine neurons are important in the role of voluntary movement and mood. Dopaminergic neurons are made in the substantia nigra, in the brain and as the number of neurons drop the severity of the symptoms become more severe. No one knows what triggers the death of these cells. The remaining surviving cells that are affected usually present with Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites (Wakabayashi et al. 2012). Typically, Parkinson’s disease affects people past the age of 65, but like many diseases,

A study done has brought up the potential of coffee preventing PD. The benefits are most likely coming from the caffeine. It could lead to new treatments or even eventually pevent the disorder. In the study, men who did not drink coffee were five times more likely to develop PD than those who drank up to 6 ounce cups per day. Men who did not drink coffee were only 2-3 more times likely to develop the disease than men who had 4 ounce cups a day. The results are only based on men and cannot be confirmed for women yet. Caffeine may be protecting the brain from nerve-call damage that causes the PD. An additional factor that could attribute to the results is cigarette smoking. If caffeine indeed does have benefits, it is not clear whether it can prevent or slow

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease which is progressive, incurable and debilitating. The disease is caused by a loss of dopamine producing neurons in the brainstem which leads primarily to motor deficits. In Australia, 1 in 350 people live with PD and the prevalence is quickly growing (Parkinson 's Queensland, 2014). While most of the people diagnosed with PD are over 65 years old, people as young as 30 can develop the condition (Parkinson 's Queensland, 2014). Currently, there is no known cure for the disease and thus treatment options are limited, meaning that those living with PD, will have to manage the condition for the rest of their life.

“We are excited by the possibilities that reducing iron levels in the substantia nigra offer

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive and chronic neurodegenerative disorder. It affects about 1.8% of people over the age of 65 years, and has a higher prevalence in males. In general however, those who are of young onset PD tend to have a smoother course of the disease. Most doctors claim that Parkinson’s disease itself is not fatal. However, as symptoms worsen they can cause incidents that result in death (Michael J. Fox Foundation, 2012).

Parkinson's disease's discovery dates back to ancient time. Back then, it was known as Kampavata. Then, in AD 175, it's was changed to the Shaking Palsy. Then it was renamed in 1817 because of a very highly detailed medical essay by James Parkinson. He based it off of observations he made when walking around his neighborhood. James made this article to encourage people to study the disease. It was 60 years before Jean Charcot discovered James's essay and studied it. Then she stated to call the Shaking Palsy Parkinson's disease. Even though a lot was known about the disease, a lot still remained a mystery. There is still no known cure.

Parkinson disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease with unknown etiology. PD is commonly referred to as a “motor disease,” reflecting its clinical symptoms, including resting tremors of extremities, muscular rigidity, shuffling gait, stoop posture, and bradykinesia (1). The underlying pathology of PD is progressive neuronal loss, particularly in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), and the presence of abnormal protein- rich aggregates—known as Lewy bodies— in the remaining

Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized mainly by physical and psychological disabilities. This disorder was named after James Parkinson, an English physician who first described it as shaking palsy in 1817 (Goetz, Factr, and Weiner, 2002). Jean- Martin Charcot, who was a French neurologist, then progressed and further refined the description of the disease and identified other clinical features of PD (Goetz, Factr, and Weiner, 2002). PD involves the loss of cells that produce the neurotransmitter dopamine in a part of the brain stem called the substansia nigra, which results in several signs and symptoms (Byrd, Marks, and Starr, 2000). It is manifested clinically by tremor,