Parkinson's Research Paper

James Parkinson first discovered Parkinson's Disease in 1817. Parkinson's Disease is a common neurologic disorder for the elderly. It is a disorder of the brain characterized by shaking and difficulty with walking, movement, and coordination. This disease is associated with damage to a part of the brain that controls muscle movement. Parkinson's Disease is a chronic illness that is still being extensively studied.

Parkinson’s is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, primarily affecting voluntary, precise, and controlled movement. Parkinson’s occurs when cells in a part of the brain called the substantia nigra die off. These cells are responsible for producing dopamine. With less and less dopamine, a person has less and less ability to regulate their movements, body and emotions. The terms "familial Parkinson's disease" and "sporadic Parkinson's disease" are used to differentiate genetic from truly idiopathic forms of the disease.

Parkinson’s Disease is known as one of the most common progressive and chronic neurodegenerative disorders. It belongs to a group of conditions known as movement disorders. Parkinson disease is a component of hypokinetic disorder because it causes a decreased in bodily movement. It affects people who are usually over the age of 50. It can impair an individual motor as well as non-motor function. Some of the primary symptoms of Parkinson’s disease are characterized by tremors or trembling in hands, legs and arms. In early symptoms the tremor can be unilateral, appearing in one side of body but progression in the disease can cause it to spread to both sides; rigidity or a resistant to movement affects most people with Parkinson’s disease,

Although, symptoms that matched Parkinson’s were described as early as 1000 B.C. (Goetz, 2011). In the mid 1800’s, Jean-Martin Charcot made further refinements regarding Parkinson’s disease, he was able to separate Parkinson’s disease from other disease that shared similar symptoms(Goetz, 2011). Jean-Martin Charcot was responsible for Parkinson’s disease to be called Parkinson’s disease by suggesting to the medical community that the terms paralysis agitans and shaking palsy should be discarded (Goetz, 2011). He believed that Parkinson’s was a better term because patients who suffered from it were not weak, did not necessarily have tremors, and not all suffered from paralysis, as the terms paralysis agitans and shaking palsy suggested (Goetz, 2011). Another person who furthered the understanding of Parkinson’s disease, was William Gowers, he discovered that males were more likely to develop this disease as well as discovering the joint deformities that were common with Parkinson’s disease

Have you ever wondered if there is a solution to Parkinson’s Disease? Well, being a Physical Therapist Tech, I work with a couple of individuals who have Parkinson’s. With this position I’m allowed to participate in the strengthening of those struggling with this disease. My patients with Parkinson’s have seemed to improve from their continuous therapy sessions. In each session, the patient and the therapist or tech works to help them with his or her condition. We work on the patient’s balance, stiffness, rigidness, and tremors. There are more involuntary movements but those are a few. Parkinson’s Disease (PD) can be improved with the help of physical activity and simulating activities. This disease is found in those mostly over the age of

Parkinson’s disease is a nervous system disorder that affects movement, speech, and other brain function due to insufficient amounts of dopamine release. It is currently incurable, however there are some treatments that can be given to a patient depending on their symptoms and how severe they are. These treatments are administered to Parkinson’s disease patients with the goal of controlling symptoms and minimizing their affects for as long as possible as the disease progresses. Parkinson’s disease is still being researched however, and many treatments are considered experimental. Current treatments that are being administered include dopamine drugs, speech and physical therapy, and in more severe cases, deep brain stimulating surgery. Moreover,

    Parkinson’s disease is a chronic and possessive moving disorder that causes malfunctions and death of vital neurons in the brain (Parkinson’s Disease Foundation, 2017). It is a severe disease that affects many americans. Risk factors include age and gender. More often than most, older men of over the age 60 are the target for Parkinson’s. Symptoms include tremors, slowness in movement, muscle stiffness, and more severely the inability to walk. Treatments include medications, therapy, and surgery while depending on the factor of how severe the Parkinson’s case is.  Parkinson’s disease varies in five stages, one being the less severe symptoms and case of treatments .

To obtain a valid diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease, clinicians should examine some motor and non-motor features. The motor features of Parkinson’s disease are characterized by resting tremors, muscular rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural and gait impairment. According to Samii, Nutt, and Ransom, “A resting tremor with a frequency of 3-5 Hz is the first symptom in 70% of Parkinson’s disease patients” (1783). Most people, if they have tremors, do not have this range of frequency. Hand tremors are more common in patients as a presenting sign than foot tremors, and they usually get worse with anxiety and walking. Rigidity is another sign of Parkinson’s disease, which is more prevalent in the tremulous limb. Rigidity is the inability

Parkinson's is caused by the death of brain cells that produce dopamine, one of the chemicals that carry messages between neurons. Low dopamine impairs the basal ganglia, which are brain regions that control movement and coordination. The early signs of this disease is often trembling or shanking of a limb usually when the body is at rest, these first tremors usually begin on one side of the body typically a hand. These tremors can effect arms, legs, feet, and a patients face. Parkinson's disease belongs to a group of conditions called motor system disorders, which are the result of the loss of dopamine-producing brain cells. The four primary symptoms of Parkinson's are tremor, or trembling in hands, arms, legs, jaw, and face; rigidity, or

Parkinson's disease is a type of movement disorder. It occurs when nerve cells (neurons) do not produce enough of a major chemical in the brain known as dopamine. Some cases are genetic but most do not seem to occur among members of the same family. There is no diagnostic test for this disease. Doctors use patient history and a neurological exam to diagnose it. Symptoms of the disease begin slowly, usually affects one side of the body, and then both sides, producing tremor in the hands, arms, legs, jaw and face, stiffness in arms, legs and trunk, slowness movements, problems in balance and coordination. As symptoms worsen, people with the disease may have difficulty walking or doing simple tasks. They may also have problems

This paper will discuss Parkinson’s disease the cause, signs and symptoms, early detection, common associated effects, treatment, solutions to environmental and genetic effects, and illness prevention strategies. While covering all these topics we will discuss how important it is to know about this disease and how we can better treat this disease to help our loved ones when they are diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common, slow, progressive neurodegenerative brain disorder which is around 1.5 times more common in men than in women affects more than one million Americans. Symptoms include tremor, rigidity, postural instability and slowed movement inanition to these motor symptoms patients experience non motor symptoms such as sleep disturbance, depression, psychosis and dementia. Usually affects old generation, cause is unknown, disorder cause degeneration of the dopamine producing neurons in the brains striatum, dopamine depletion decreases leads to degeneration of basal ganglia.

To begin, the first major physical impairment in Moderate Parkinson’s Disease is tremors. Sharee A. Wiggins and RelayHealth explain, “Parkinsonian tremors are slow rhythmic, shaking movements. They are most obvious and bothersome when your hands are at rest. These kinds of movements are linked to the brain disorder called Parkinson’s Disease (par. 1). Tremors that occur in Parkinson’s Disease are the most common symptom. These occur due to the lack of Dopamine in the brain. This rather irritating symptom is present in most Parkinson’s patients. Normally this symptom occurs early in the disease. Tremors occur mostly in the hands and fingers, but can also show in the head, tongue, voice, trunk, and legs. According to Abraham N. Lieberman and Frank L. Williams, “Tremor is the most obvious symptom in Parkinson’s disease, affecting about 75 percent of all patients. Tremor generally occurs early in the course of the disease, but may never occur in all patients” (173). Tremors normally will occur on one side of the body, but as the disease progresses it can reach to more of the body affecting all body parts, such as the lips, jaw, and tongue. The diagnosis of

Parkinson’s Disease is a very common disorder these days. Over 10 million people live daily with Parkinson worldwide. Parkinson’s Disease was named after an English surgeon James Parkinson who wrote a detailed description essay called Shaking Palsy in 1817. The average age for Parkinson’s Disease is between 45 to 70 years old but you can also have juvenile or young onset as well. Most common symptoms of Parkinson are tremors, bradykinesia or akinesia, or rigidity or stiffness, and balance disorder. Parkinson’s Disease doesn’t have a cure and the cause is unknown it could be a number of things genetics, environmental triggers, age, or gender. Parkinson’s Disease happens because the dopaminergic neuron dies and

Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized mainly by physical and psychological disabilities. This disorder was named after James Parkinson, an English physician who first described it as shaking palsy in 1817 (Goetz, Factr, and Weiner, 2002). Jean- Martin Charcot, who was a French neurologist, then progressed and further refined the description of the disease and identified other clinical features of PD (Goetz, Factr, and Weiner, 2002). PD involves the loss of cells that produce the neurotransmitter dopamine in a part of the brain stem called the substansia nigra, which results in several signs and symptoms (Byrd, Marks, and Starr, 2000). It is manifested clinically by tremor,