Pathophysiology Of Coughing

Severe coughs occur in bouts that also bring up thick phlegm and mucus, Coughing bouts can get worse and be followed by vomiting, choking or taking a big gasping breath which causes a whooping sound.

* Pneumonia is refers to an infection in the lungs that causes swelling in the lungs tissue and this inflammation

You have trouble breathing. Both adults and children can have tight, uncomfortable lungs and chest during a cold. A cough that won't go away could be postnasal drip, but it could also be a sign of asthma or acid reflux. Talk to your doctor about it. If there’s a barking (it actually sounds like a small dog), wheezing or whooping sound along with the cough, there could be an infection called pertussis that can be treated.

The disease is cystic fibrosis. The chronic wheezing, persistent cough and stuffy nose would be symptoms to test patient for cystic fibrosis. In cystic fibrosis, a defect in a gene changes a protein that regulates the movement of salt in and out of cells. The result is thick, sticky mucus in the respiratory, digestive and reproductive systems, as well as increased salt in sweat. Children need to inherit one copy of the gene from each parent in order to have the disease. If children inherit only one copy, they won't develop cystic fibrosis, but will be carriers and possibly pass the gene to their own children.

This paper explores Pneumonia and the respiratory disease process associated with bacterial and viral pathogens most commonly located in the lung. The paper examines the process, symptoms and treatments most commonly viewed in patient cases of Pneumonia. My goal is to educate the reader and to warn of the

Whooping cough-Cold and cough symptoms. Cough will gradually get worse and after around 2 weeks the coughing bouts start. These will make it difficult for the child to breathe. The child may choke or vomit and may also get a whooping sound after coughing.

Acute tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils secondary to an infectious process causing painful swallowing and is more commonly attributed to a viral cause rather than bacterial (Shepherd, 2013). A physical assessment of the tonsils may reveal an increase in size with edema and erythema. This is often associated with upper respiratory symptoms like, headache and cough (Shepherd, 2013). Another diagnosis is pharyngitis. Pharyngitis is also a sore throat which is secondary to inflammation noted at the back of the throat and associated with complaints of pain when swallowing (Shepherd, 2013). Viral pharyngitis is the most common and can be contributed to the rhino or coronavirus which lasts between 5-7 days and presents with associated symptoms like cough, headache, fatigue and mild fever (Ruppert & Fay, 2015). Finally, GABHS or more commonly noted as strep throat is a potential diagnosis. This bacterial infection is most common in children and adolescents. Often individuals present with symptoms including throat pain, fever, chills, headache, cervical lymphadenopathy and exudate noted to tonsils or in the pharyngeal (Ruppert & Fay, 2015). This infectious process in younger children may also present with gastrointestinal symptoms like nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain but is not accompanied by cough or nasal

The patient is six years old suffering from coughing , that means it’s a respiratory system related illness (lungs) smoking is ruled out that only leave few symptoms because he’s a child its either Asthma , Allergic reaction or Emphysema.

Pneumonia is an inflammation of the lung which results into an excess of fluid or pus accumulating into the alveoli of the lung. Pneumonia impairs gas exchange which leads to hypoxemia and is acquire by inhaling a contagious organism or an irritating agent. (Ignatavicius & Workman, 2013). Fungal, bacteria and viruses are the most common organisms that can be inhale. Pneumonia could be community-acquired or health care associated. Community –acquired pneumonia (CAP) occurs out of a healthcare facility while health care associated pneumonia (HAP) is acquired in a healthcare facility. HAP are more resistant to antibiotic and patients on ventilators and those receiving kidney dialysis have a higher risk factor. Infants, children and the elderly also have a higher risk of acquiring pneumonia due to their immune system inability to fight the virus. Pneumonia can also be classified as aspiration pneumonia if it arises by inhaling saliva, vomit, food or drink into the lungs. Patients with abnormal gag reflex, dysphagia, brain injury, and are abusing drug or alcohol have a higher risk of aspiration pneumonia (Mayo Clinic, 2013). In the case of patient E.O., this patient had rhonchi in the lower lobe and the upper lobe sound was coarse and diminished. Signs and symptoms of pneumonia include difficulty breathing, chest pain, wheezing, fever, headache, chills, cough, confusion, pain in muscle or

Infants with acute bronchiolitis may present with a wide range of clinical symptoms and severity, from mild upper respiratory infections to impending respiratory failure. Typically, these symptoms include tachypnea, wheezing, cough, crackles, use of accessory muscles, and/or nasal flaring. An infant with bronchiolitis will often present as having a “seasonal viral illness characterized by fever, nasal discharge and a dry, wheezy cough” (Conquest, Cremonesini, & Neill, 2013). During the first seventy-two hours of illness, the infant typically becomes worse before the symptoms begin to improve. An infant with bronchiolitis will present with 2-3 days of symptoms similar to that of the

In advanced stages, thick mucous develops in the lungs and clogs air passages, triggering violent episodes of coughing, choking and vomiting up of mucus followed by a high-pitched intake of breath that sounds like "whoop." With whooping cough disease, it is possible to have such violent coughing spells, especially at night, that large amounts of mucous are vomited up through the mouth and nose and interfere with breathing.

A cough can interrupt your normal daily routines and no one would like to stay near an unhealthy person.

Pneumonia is an illness of the lower respiratory tract in which the lungs become inflamed and congested and alveolar spaces are filled with fluid and cells-polymorphs and lymphocytes (Mandell L.A). It is an inflammatory condition of the lung and it is one of the most serious infections, causing two million deaths annually among the young and elderly. Pneumonia is the largest killer, accounting for 28% to 34% of all child deaths below five years of age in low-income countries and is an important cause of mortality in the elderly in high-income countries (Suárez).

According to Pratter, Brightling, Boulet, and Irwin, (2006), based on duration, cough can be divided into three categories: acute, lasting < 3

The clinical manifestations of pneumonia will be different according to the causative organism and the patient’s underlying conditions and/or comorbidities (Smeltzer, et al). Some of the manifestations are