Pathophysiology Of Diabetes Mellitus And Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus is a disorder characterized by increased blood sugar levels which result in problems with insulin production and action. Insulin is the hormone in the body that regulates the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats. Diabetes is a chronic disorder with three types. Type 1 diabetes or insulin dependent occurs when the body is unable to produce insulin, thereby requiring insulin injections regularly. Type 2 diabetes or non-insulin dependent occurs when the body

Type 1 diabetes is also called insulin-dependent because the pancreas produce little to no insulin due to the destruction of beta cell in pancreas(Bardsley et al, 2004). Therefore, the insulin have to be injected manually for body to function normally. (Seewaldt et.al, 2000) states that in type 1 diabetes, the beta cell located in the islets of Langerhans have antigen that cause the immune system to produce antibodies and kill the insulin producing cells. The autoimmune response is thought to be caused by the autoreactive CD4 and CD8 effector cells that recognise islet self-antigens, as an outcome there is greater than 90% destruction on insulin producing cell BACH (1994). Similarly, (Nakayama et al,2005) and (Kent et al, 2005) supports that insulin in itself is a

Type II diabetes is a chronic medical condition that affects the way the body uses glucose. With diabetes, the body can resist the effect of insulin or fails to produce enough insulin to preserve a glucose level within normal limits. Type II diabetes is becoming much more common than before and the occurrence is growing. Approximately 23.5 million people in the United States are living with type II diabetes (Fesselle, 2010).

Diabetes type 1 develops when the immune system attacks the only cells that create insulin, the pancreatic beta cells. Due to the cells being destroyed, the person with diabetes type 1 has to be

     Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by inadequate insulin secretion by the pancreas or cellular destruction leading to an insulin deficiency. Depending on the cause of the insulin shortage, diabetes can be subcategorized into type I and type II. Type I diabetes (T1DM) is usually mediated by the destruction of b-cells in the pancreas resulting in decreased insulin production and secretion. Type II diabetes (T2DM) is the failure of these b-cells to secrete adequate amounts of insulin to compensate for insulin resistance and increased gluconeogenesis combined with an overall resistance to the insulin action (8., 1997). T2DM accounts

Type 2 diabetes is a form of diabetes that is insulin resistant and it often results from excess body weight and physical inactivity.

Diabetes mellitus type 2 is an endocrine disorder that causes impaired use of carbohydrates while enhancing the use of proteins and lipids. This is called insulin resistance, in which the pancreas cannot make enough insulin to keep blood glucose levels normal, or the body is unable to use what is produced. The impairment causes blood glucose level to rise higher than normal. There is no cure for type 2 diabetes mellitus and it is life threatening when left untreated. Signs and symptoms of this disorder include vision changes, increased thirst, increased hunger, increased frequency of urination, stomach pain, nausea and vomiting, erectile dysfunction, and absences of mentruation. These can occur abruptly, or over a long period of time.

Many peoples can be aware and can be unaware that they have a blood sugar imbalance and will no realize an acute affect takes place. This is because a person blood sugar goes to high or too low. Blood sugar that is extremely elevated makes a person feel sick because of the high blood sugar causing a person to act stuporous (drunk like), or ever go in to a diabetic coma. Blood pressure that is to low make a person feels lethargic, irritable, dizzy, and experiences increased urination and increased thirst due to the bodies mechanism in which makes the body thrive for a source of sugar.

The pancreas produces insulin. The body needs insulin for glucose to go into the cells for energy. If the pancreas does not make enough insulin, glucose builds up in the bloodstream. It leaves the cells starved for energy.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a condition in the body that is related to a faulty metabolism. It means that the body’s metabolism is not functioning properly, which leads to adverse effects in the health. The food we ingest, gets broken down into blood sugar (glucose), which is what fuels our body in the form of energy. This converted glucose needs to enter our cells so that it can be used for energy and growth. And in order for the glucose to enter our cells, there needs to be insulin present, which the beta cells of the pancreas is responsible for producing. This hormone is responsible for maintaining glucose level in the blood. It allows the body cells to use glucose as a main

Type 2: In type 2 diabetes, the pancreas produces insulin, however the body doesn’t respond to it as it should, this is because the quantities of the insulin being produced are insufficient, or the body’s cells just don’t react to it and so the glucose levels in the system remain high. Type 2 diabetes is a ‘progressive disease’ and can get worse if it is not managed properly. Long term effects of high blood sugar can result in heart disease or kidney

Diabetes mellitus, or better known as Diabetes, is an endocrine system disorder. In this case, your body is unable to produce enough or any insulin at all. Insulin, produced by the pancreas, has a very important role. When sugar is ingested from food, it is turned into energy for the cells in our body. Without insulin, the transfer of sugar into the cells would be compromised. Insulin is also vital to keep the right balance of sugar in the bloodstream (Hess-Fischl, 2015). If too much insulin is produced, blood sugar levels are decreased resulting in hypoglycemia. Hyperglycemia occurs when the blood sugar levels are increased (Sargis, n.d.).

Diabetes mellitus is broadly described as a chronic, metabolic disorder characterized by abnormalities metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion and action. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common form of diabetes mellitus that has emerged as one of the biggest health problems today affecting millions of people. The core defects that lead to T2DM are insulin resistance in muscle and adipose tissue, progressive β-cell dysfunction, and excessive hepatic glucose production (“Facts about type 2”, 2015). T2DM has been known to predominantly affect overweight or obese individuals although studies have made it clear that individuals vary are susceptibility. This paper seeks to explain the pathophysiology of T2DM

Diabetes Mellites(DM), is a deficiency of insulin action causing hyperglycemia. The majority of DM have a decreased secretion of the cells, insulin resistance, or counterregulatory hormones( McPhee & Hammer, 2010). Insulin is synthesized from the beta cells from the pancreases. Composed from A peptide and B peptide connected to C peptide and disulfide bonds. Insulin is a hormone that aids in metabolism. encourages glucose uptake and the synthesis works mainly in the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue

Everyone is affected by diabetes whether they are diagnosed with the disease or know a loved one with the disease. People go undiagnosed everyday and it affects all ages. Diabetes metabolic disease which the body has an inability to produce any or enough insulin causing elevated levels of glucose in the blood. There are two types of diabetes usually appears in childhood or adolescence, the bodies immune system attacks and destroys cells that produce insulin and without insulin blood sugar levels can not be controlled. Type 2 diabetes evolves and can sometimes be reversed with changes in the diet and physical activity. Knowing how diabetes works in your body, the risk factors, and the signs and symptoms to look for can