Pathophysiology Research Paper

1. Which of the following clients is at a high risk for developing dilated cardiomyopathy?

Asthma is a respiratory disease that many people deal with every single day. “According to World Health Organization, approximately 180,000 people die from asthma each year.” (Jardins and Burton 187) Most people never think of asthma as a life threatening disease, but it can be crucial. As the number of people with asthma increases, the more likely you are to come in contact with someone who has been diagnosed with this disease. Asthma is a severe breathing problem that has many complications that is dealt with daily like shortness of breath, chronic cough, tightness of the chest and shortness of breath, my main focus is childhood asthma, allergic asthma, and medication to treat asthma.

In today’s society nearly every individual experiences some sort of stress, whether it is chronic stress or acute. Acute stress is the immediate response to a demanding situation, for example, managing your home life, finances and the status of ones health. According Time Magazine, a recent survey reports that the incidence of stress has declined but is still lingering over the lives of young adults. The National Stress in America survey had two thousand participants ages eighteen to thirty –three, more than half of this population reported receiving minimal to no support in coping with the stress (Sifferlin, 2013). Most of the young adults reported that a single source

Asthma is an inflammatory condition of the airways causing attacks of wheezing and breathlessness. It affects a person’s

Asthma affects 1 in every 12 Americans. According to the American Academy of Allergy Asthma & Immunology, Asthma is affects “About 1 in 9 (11%) non-Hispanic blacks of all ages and about 1 in 6 (17%) of non-Hispanic black children had asthma in 2009, the highest rate among racial/ethnic groups.” As a mother of child with asthma, I know how scary it can be to deal with asthma attacks and learning how to treat the symptoms and minimize risk factors.

To better understand the impact of asthma, a brief overview of the causes (aetiology) and disease progression (pathophysiology) must be shown. As common as asthma is, not much is known about its aetiology, according to findings presented by Subbaroa, Mandhane and Sears (2009, pg. 181-187) in a review from the Canadian

There are three features that can clearly distinguish asthma: i) persistent inflammation of the airways leading to ii) airflow obstruction and iii) bronchial hyperresponsiveness ([2] - [3]). However, asthma can be identified as a heterogeneous disease. That is, not a unique disease, but consists of several distinct diseases, each of which are caused by a specific underlying pathophysiological mechanism. These distinct diseases have been labelled as asthma endotypes, as proposed by [4]. Endotypes are defined as subtypes of a condition which have identical clinical symptoms, but each being caused by a unique pathophysiological mechanism [1]. Furthermore, there exist various factors which play a significant role in the persistence and development

Society fails to realize the serious effects asthma has on the body. Asthma is defined as an illness in which the airways are blocked or too narrow for air to pass through. Asthma affects people of all ages, but it most often starts during early childhood. The United States alone has more than 25 million people known to have been born with or developed asthma. It is documented that approximately 7 million of these people are children. It isn 't evident why some people are infected with asthma and others are not, but it is quite clear that due to a combination of environmental and genetic factor that asthma is not attracted to a certain group of people. Some environmental factors that cause this illness include air pollutants, airborne allergies, pollen, animal dander, and the list goes on.The physical effects can range from a simple cough as far as not being able to breathe at all. This can cause major damage to the lungs as time persist. It is more common for younger children from the ages of 5-14 to show more consistent side effects of this illness. As these children grow older their asthma attacks lessen as their abdomen expands from age. There are numerous medications that can are prescribed each year in efforts to control the spontaneous symptoms of this disease.

Asthma, according to the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute is a chronic lung disease that narrows and causes inflammation of the airways (2014). The effects of asthma on the body include coughing, shortness of breath, wheezing and chest tightness, if left untreated a severe asthma attack could be fatal (NIH, 2014). While asthma currently has no cure, it is assumed that preventative measures can be taken to lessen the risk or improve the chance of a flare up; although it is not a guarantee. A study of collected data regarding body mass index and asthma will be reviewed to determine if there is sufficient association to relate the two subjects as cause and effect. This paper will briefly discuss the subjects, methods, measures, and any issues related to the proposed research.

Asthma is the most common effect of allergies. Allergic asthma is very severe kind of asthma. Around 11 percent of North American people has experienced the symptoms of asthma at some point of their life (Dobozin & Young, 2011, p.131). Whenever allergic reaction occurs it affects the respiratory muscles and person feels difficulty in breathing and attack of asthma starts. It is the reversible obstruction of airways caused by muscle spasm along with wheezing, shortness of breath, coughing and feeling of tightness in chest sometimes with sputum production (Kaliner & Li, 2006). One has to be very careful who has previous history of asthma attack or any breathing difficulty. Mortality rate due to asthma has reached over 180,000 annually (Kaliner & Li, 2006).The number of asthmatic patients has leapt by over 60% since the early 1980s and deaths have doubled to 5,000 a year. (Dobozin & Young, 2011,

Quadrant III (Less changeable/ More important) Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease that can lead to shortness of breath, chest tightness, and wheezing, all of which can be life threatening. Air pollutants, respiratory infections, allergens, and cigarette smoke, are leading causes of the life threating attacks. Assorted environmental, genetic, birth factors have been connected to a heightened possibility for asthma although the exact cause is unknown. Asthma was placed in this quadrant because

A major health problem for nearly 26 million Americans is asthma. This total includes more than 7 million children. Asthma causes millions of lost school and work days every year and is the third leading cause of hospitalization among children. There is no cure for asthma, but the good news is that it can be managed and treated, allowing you to live a normal, healthy life ("Learn About Asthma", 2016). One out of ten children and one out of twenty adults are diagnosed with asthma (Bryan, 2004). Asthma is noted as one of the most common chronic disorders among children under the age of 18. In addition to the millions of lost school days, it is also the third leading cause of hospitalization for children. It is also noted to cause limited daily

The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) (2014) defined Asthma as “a chronic (long-term) lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. Asthma causes recurring periods of wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing. The coughing often occurs at night or early in the morning.” Asthma exacerbation is classified to three levels: mild, moderate, or severe enough to become life-threatening events (NHLBI, 2007). Asthma is a common chronic disease. CDC's National Asthma Control Program Grantees (2013) indicate that 39.5 million have asthma in the U.S, 18.9 million (8.2%) are adults and 7.1 million (9.5%) are children. Adults who aged (18-24) years have the highest prevalence of asthma compared the other age groups

The number of chronic diseases and individuals suffering continues to rise with the ever-growing population. One of these chronic diseases which is very common and affects all age groups as well as ethnic groups is asthma. There are current estimates of the number of individuals suffering from asthma internationally to be 300 million and the chance for the number to reach 400 million by the year 2025 (Alhassan, Hattab, Bajwa, Bihler & Singh, 2016). The condition is responsible for roughly 250,000 international deaths yearly with the prevalence of the disease increasing and despite a decline in deaths within the last decade (Alhassan et al., 2016). Asthma presents more commonly in children

Asthma is a chronic airway disease that can be difficult to manage, resulting in poor outcomes and high costs (Kuhn et al., 2015). It is characterized by episodes of expiratory airflow obstruction, which occurs in response to multiple stimuli or triggers. Asthma is a lifelong disease, and symptoms include wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing. Attacks can be mild, moderate, severe, or even life threatening and limit a person’s way of life (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2011). There is no known cure for asthma, but symptoms can be controlled by avoiding the triggers and taking prescribed medicines that prevent or minimize symptoms.