How Did Paula Scher Changed The Meaning Of Graphic Design?

I must admit that I have Google set as my homepage and before actually thinking how much I know about a particular topic, I automatically “google” the topic. I realized how much it has affected my cognitive ability and overall concentration. Our brain is constantly making new connections, therefore taking on qualities of the technology around us. The way humans explain themselves to others is changing because of the way we are unconsciously adapting to “intellectual technologies.” This means that we are allowing the information we read on the internet to alter the way we view not only ourselves, but the world around us as well.

This paper is a biography of an American type designer, a calligrapher, and an animator whose name is Kris Holmes; yet, she is also known for graphic designer. She was born in1950, Reedley, California.

Does the internet affect the way people think? This is the question Nicholas Carr answers in his essay, “Is Google Making Us Stupid?” Carr writes about the negative aspects of relying on an outside source for information in order to argue that Google could be making us less intelligent. Carr’s general audience is anyone with access to the internet because he believes most people with access to the internet usually abuse it. Because the internet supplies a large quantity of information, people are less likely to learn for themselves.

In, “Is Google Really Making Us Stupid?” by Nicholas Carr (2008), he validates how people are heavily relying on the internet pushing for Artificial Intelligence. Carr also talks about how it is changing the way our minds work with negative side effects. He demonstrates how the internet may be shaping our thought process by giving observational examples as well as personal experiences. Beginning with his personal experiences he says how he finds it difficult to keep focused on a book, as a writer, this is rare to him. He tries to find a reason to his inability to stay focused and comes to a conclusion it is due to the internet. Carr is very persuasive in his article, although his point of view maybe seen as an opinion, he does show and support

On November 15, 1887, Calixtus O’Keeffe and Ida Totto’s lives were changed as they were granted with the gift of their baby girl, the second child out of seven future sons and daughters (“Georgia O’Keeffe Biography,” 2016). They named her Georgia, after her Hungarian grandfather, George Totto (“Georgia O’Keeffe Biography,” 2016). Little did they know, their infant would become well-known as she grew older. Georgia O’Keeffe created astonishing and inspirational artwork, utilized the Habit of Mind, “Thinking Interdependently, towards her contributions to the world, and illuminated the artistic field. (“About Georgia O’Keeffe,” 2017).

Below is a brief biography of one of the youngest African American artist Kara Elizabeth Walker. Walker was born in November 26, 1969 in Stockton, California, US. Currently, she lives in New York, NY. Walker’s dad Larry Walker is an art professor and her mother Gwen Walker is a clothing designer. In 1996, Walker married Klaus Burgel, who is a jewelry designer and they both gave a birth to a daughter name Octavia. Walker has been educated at Atlanta College of Art, BA, 1991 and Rhode Island school of design, 1994. Just right after she graduated in 1994, she started a career as a professor. However, the time when she traveled to New York City to join a meeting, her friend persuaded her to hand in her work in the Drawing Center. That was the turning point of a professor to an artist (“Kara Walker” Contemporary). Walker worked in a several of medium such as: “Paper cutouts, gouache mixed with coffee, brass rubbing and overhead projectors” (Harvey).

Weir’s entire argument is based on the Pew Internet & American Life Project survey. This survey was conducted by the Pew Research Center, a well-respected, independent, scientific polling and surveying group. It consisted of “895 technology stakeholders’ and critics’ expectations of social, political, and economic change by 2020”. (Anderson) 76 percent of these experts survey agreed to the statement, “By 2020, people’s use of the internet has enhanced human intelligence; as people are allowed unprecedented access to more information they become smarter and make better choices. Nicholas Carr was wrong: Google does not make us stupid.” (Weir) This scientific data is completely detrimental to the argument make by Carr in The Atlantic. Weir goes on to highlight three key expert perspectives submitted in the survey and concludes by hyperlinking to the survey so that the reader can study further into the matter. In stark contrast, “Is Google Making Us Stupid?” makes no use of any concrete data related to the subject. To be fair, however, Carr does point out this weakness by stating, “Anecdotes alone don’t prove much. And we still await the long-term neurological and psychological experiments that will provide a definitive picture of how Internet use affects cognition.” (Carr) He does mention one expert, Maryanne Wolf, who believes that “[we] are how we read” and reading online makes us become “mere decoders of information” (Wolf qtd. in Carr), but other historical points are made citing experts and examples from 1882, 1911, 1936, 1976, and 1982, all of which are irrelevant to his central argument since they come from an age where Internet content consumption was not a reality. Carr is utterly lacking in any substantial logos and his reasoning typically draws on his appeals to pathos rather than facts. Therefore, Weir is the clear winner in his use of

Wikipedia is a collaborative resource, which aims to be a compendium of all human knowledge. In a serious examination of Wikipedia as a credible and valid source of information we need to place our argument within a definable framework. As I will show information has many uses, for the purposes of this paper I will examine the use of Wikipedia for scholarly research, the kind, which I will be utilizing throughout the rest of my MBA program. I will be evaluating Wikipedia based on the parameters set forth by Brenda Spatt. The credentials, Impartiality, style/tone, and currency of Wikipedia will all be examined in this paper (Spatt 2011).

He works with whatever limited materials that are given to him and going by his own intuition and interpretation of what he was seeing before him, he creates his designs. “A big part of what I do has to do with composition…The [idea] is to have a total use of all the elements in order to come up with solutions…. I am using my intuition, trying to express things I am reading in the way that makes the most sense to me. It is an important distinction to make that I am not trying to find ‘what it is they want” (Blackwell 133-134). It was never about making something pretty, ugly, or hard to read--he simply wanted the photographs he was using and the text to look more interesting while still communicating effectively and eliciting an emotional response from the viewer.

Paula Scher was born on October 6, 1948 in Virginia. She grew up in Washington, D.C. and Philadelphia. (Csun) Paula studied at Tyler School of Art in Philadelphia and she also taught the Swiss international style of typography at Tyler school of Art. (Csun) She has a BFA from the Tyler School of Art and a Doctor of Fine Arts Honoris Causa from the Corcoran College of Art and Design. (AIGA) She was encouraged to create hand-printed maps because her father was a photogrammetric engineer for the U.S. Geological survey. Paula's father invented a device that ensured the distortion free aerial photography. (FamousGraphicDesigners)

The Wikipedia is a free, online encyclopedia that lets every individual with Internet connection write and edits its articles. Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger launched their creation in 2001 giving an opportunity to all willing people to work together to develop a common resource of knowledge. Many people have different believes and ideas about Wikipedia, therefore, some tend to think of it as a credible and valid source of information, others strongly disagree. “Since all the books and articles have been chosen for publication, each one has presumably undergone some form of selection and review” (Spatt, 2011, “p.”339-340). Unfortunately, this statement is simply not enough to

apparent that they come together to form a pyramid design. This aspect of Art Deco design, is discussed in Carolyn Mcdowall’s article, Art Deco: A Revolution of Design & Style for the Modern Age. In this article she states, “…verticals soaring upward as skyscrapers surmounted by stepped pyramidal shapes; horizontals that were all at once clean, cool filled with light and space.” (Mcdowall 1) In this graphic design, the verticle lines in the background, come together to form an upside pyramidal design. This is the first characteristic of Art Deco design, that can be found within this graphic design.

When students are doing research on the internet, Wikipedia is usually one of the first site to appear. For students, the site is usually tempting to click, but they are quickly reminded by their teachers that Wikipedia should not be used as a site of knowledge. They label the site as inaccurate, unreliable, and uncreditable. In Boyd’s article she writes that teachers consistently tell students to stay clear of Wikipedia at all cost. Students should not have to see the site as tempting. They should be allowed to use it and embrace the site. Wikipedia has so much educational potential and should not be ignored by teachers. Boyd also writes that some analyses have shown that Wikipedia’s content is just as creditable as, if not more reliable than, more traditional resources.

When one talks or thinks of architecture, or the architects, there is a great gender gap, and due to these gaps, some women do not acquire the acknowledgement that is rightfully theirs. As one of the finest architects, designers, and artist of the 20th century, Eileen Gray was and still has not been given any attention as a serious designer/architect, unlike her counter parts, Le Corbusier, De Stijl, Mies van der Rohe, or Frank Lloyd Wright.

Paul Rand, a top influence in the field of design brought America into the modern era of design. This study will give a background to Rands life and how his upbringing impacted his future endeavors. It will then cover his primary works and discuss work that became a defining part of his career and the industry. Following that, it will discuss how Rands work in advertising and Corporate Identity set the groundwork for today design thinking. Finally, the thesis will examine modern designers that sought out Rand as a source of inspiration. This thesis will look at why Paul Rand is said to be one of the most influential graphic designers in history, and why his principles translate into good design that resonates for generations to follow.