Pavlovs Dog Experiment

After conducting an experiment, Pavlov realized that not only the dog physically eating the food set off the chemical reaction in its body, but so did the appearance of the bowl or the smell of the food (Saunders 48). From this hypothesis, he formulated the experiments that would later be known as classical conditioning (Krapp). Pavlov created five more experiments which significantly helped in proving his hypothesis (Saunders 50-51). In his first experiment, Pavlov would make a neutral sound and then present the food immediately after (Saunders 47). Saunders said, “Pavlov was interested in studying not the behavior of the dog in response to a stimulus such as food, but the automatic changes in the dog’s body in response to the stimulus (the reflex)” (Saunders 45). After this first experiment Pavlov realized that over time, if the animal heard the sound, it would have the same reaction as if it had just been fed. The dogs would drool and secrete stomach juices as if they were being fed, although the chemical makeup of the juices was different than if the animal actually ate the food (Saunders 48). In his next experiment, he found that a similar, not identical, sound would also trigger a reaction in the dog. This is called “stimulus generation". By contrast, his third experiment showed that he could teach a dog that a certain note from tuning a fork meant that it would get food, and another note would mean it did not get food. This is known as “stimulus discrimination”. During his fourth experiment, he realized that he could get the same reaction by creating another conditional stimulus. For example, he would pair a whistle with hand claps. For his final experiment, he would present the stimulus multiple times without giving the dog food. Eventually, the dog would not respond to the stimulus. This is known as extinction (Saunders 50-51).

Learning is a relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience. There are two types of learning, associative learning and cognitive learning. Associative learning occurs when a person or an animal forms a simple association among various stimuli, behaviors, or both. It requires little to no awareness or thought. Cognitive learning refers to understanding, knowing, and anticipating. Our subject today comes from associative learning. There are two types of associative learning. Ivan Pavlov of Russia, discovered classical conditioning, and Edward Thorndike discovered operant conditioning.

Ivan Pavlov and B.F. Skinner both studied learning, in which they both did different experiments on different animals and with different conditioning. Classical conditioning is the process in which two stimuli become linked; once this association has been recognized, an originally neutral stimulus is conditioned to provoke an involuntary response. The dogs in Pavlov’s studies learned to associate countless stimuli with the expectation of food, which caused in them salivating when the stimuli were presented. Pavlov revealed how such associations are learned, and referred to this process as conditioning. While the

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Ivan Pavlov developed a theory called classical conditioning which proposes that learning process occurs through associations between an environmental stimulus and a naturally occurring stimulus. Classical conditioning involves placing a neutral signal before a naturally occurring reflex like associating the food with the bell in Pavlov experiment. In classical conditioning, behavior is learnt by association where a stimulus that was originally neutral can become a trigger for substance use or cravings due to repeated associations between those stimuli and substance use (Pavlov, 1927).

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Conditioned response is universal. If you don't believe me, watch a baseball or football game. When the organist starts playing certain tunes, what do people do? When you hear the jingle of an ice cream truck, what do you do? When you heard your mother use your full name, what did you do? This is for science, so be honest! In all seriousness, this response makes dog training relatively

I didn't think about people viewing the puppy as innocent and not wanting to hurt it, thank you for pointing that out. I think it is crazy that anyone would be able to listen to people screaming and still apply the shock. I think when it comes to the puppy experiment, women were put in a hard position there. I think the men were able to stand up to the authority but women felt stuck and helpless. Men were clearly more likely to speak up, which I think relates to the time period and where the experiment took place. Women were still viewed as innocent housewives so for them to speak their mind at a university would probably cause great anxiety for them.

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This experimented sought out to answer the question, “Will a dog be able to sense when its owner is coming home during five days of routine departure and arrival and five days of non-routine departure and arrival?” This lead to the creation of a hypothesis, “If a dog’s owner departs from the same location to arrive home for a week and departs from a different location to arrive home for another week then the dog will show signs of searching for the owner such as barking at windows, stillness, and sniffing the air no matter when the owner departs and arrives because the dog will use its innate sense of smell to track the owner and use pack mentality to detect when the owner is arriving.” in order to craft an experiment. Based upon the data that

Current study focuses on the understanding of Molecular Mechanism of Pavlovian conditioning (PC). Pavlovian conditioning is the reference paradigm for the study of associative learning based on the programmed relation of two stimuli, the conditioned stimulus (CS), a tone, and the unconditioned stimulus (US), sucrose-water. Previous research in rodents has revealed that the limbic circuits (or BLA), play an important role in Pavlovian reward learning. We hypothesize that PC acquisition produces a different memory from PC extinction in the BLA. In this study some of the markers analyzed and measured include: atypical Protein Kinase M ζ (PKMζ), Protein Kinase C ι/λ (PKC ι/λ), AMPA (a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid) receptor subunits glutamate A1 (GluA1), GluA2 and GluA3.These markers are important for consolidation and retrieval of memory.

1. Pavlov conducted an analysis on a dog and the point of everything was to quantify the measure of salivation buried by the canine using a hypothesis that he delivered, when the dog was uncovered an assortment of objects or different stimulus.

Pavlov’s work is still praised in just about every psychology course in every school. Knowing his work was amazing and continue to learn from his work. That we intended to learn through classical conditioning. I disagree however, with his experimental techniques and with the way he treated the dogs, as though they were not living animals, but some kind of mechanical objects. He would starve these animasl to death. The manner in which he cut their body organs creates a horrible image in my mind. “Living” conditions for these animals were horrible. For Pavlov, dogs were the machines for his factory. They were mistreated and not cared for properly. Unfortunately, Pavlov’s inability to form ties with most people also resulted in his providing

Ivan Pavlov was born on September 14, 1849 in Ryazan Russia. He was a Russian physiologist, and his work lead to the development of the first experimental model of learning: classical conditioning. He began his studies as a theology major, and changed throughout the years to physiology at the University of St. Petersburg. He won the Nobel Peace Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1904 (Psychology History). Ivan Pavlov was a very intelligent man. He was known for working on and experimenting with animals (dogs specifically). Pavlov 's theory of classical conditioning consisted of a dog, a bell, food, and salivation. He conducted his experiment in 1890 (Wikipedia).