Pawnee National Grassland Research Paper

grasslands have fertile soil, deep grass, wildflowers, herbs it is adjusted to its local climates. The

The environmental issue in the Interior Plains is lumber/timber harvesting. Forest workers are cutting down trees to turn tree parts into lumber and timber.

Valleys aren’t the only natural landscaping to be affected though; streams that had once been clean have now been polluted with waste, or have been buried completely by mountain-rock. And when water becomes corrupt, nearby life begins to suffer as well. Take the people living near mountain removal sites as an example. As the nearby water becomes dirtied, humans must watch as their clean, flowing tap water turns to a murky brown—or even black—substitute (Burning the Future: Coal in America). And think about it, this is the water they use every single day to bathe, drink, clean dishes, wash surfaces, sanitize hands, and cook with. When the water is this unclean, is it really doing its job? Is this really the water a living being deserves to be using?

The summers are warm and short. The winters are cold and long. Precipitation ranges from more than 500 mm per year in the north to less than 300 mm in the south of the Prairies. The winter mean temperatures for the coldest months vary from -9.4°C in Lethbridge and -18.3°C in Winnipeg. In contrast, the mean temperature for the warmest month in Winnipeg is 19.7°C. The grasses tend to have long roots which penetrate deep into the soil where they could find moisture. The northern edge of this ecozone marks the beginning of the transition into forest areas. Prior to agricultural settlement in the late 19th century, the Prairie ecozone was the home of millions of bison. Today, mammals of this ecozone include mule and white-tailed deer, coyote, pronghorn (south-central portion), badger, whitetail jackrabbit, Richardson's ground squirrel, northern pocket gopher and the prairie dog. Unique bird species include ferruginous hawk, greater prairie chicken, sharp-tailed grouse, American avocet, burrowing owl, great blue heron, black-billed magpie and Baltimore oriole. Plains grizzlies, swift fox and greater prairie chickens are a few of animals to disappear from the

West Virginia is known as the "mountain state." It consists of many beautiful lakes, rivers, streams, and quite a few tourist attractions, such as Babcock. Not only that, but West Virginia is made up of several different biomes. West Virginia is also made up of forests, as well.

1 The U.S. Bureau of Land Management has stepped in to provide restorative practices upon 500,000 acres of heavily degraded public grasslands. This land is suffering from severe soil erosion as well as degradation due to overgrazing. The suppression of natural fires has caused shrubs and invasive weeds to encroach upon the grasslands. A full scale assessment will take place on this land before restoration efforts begin. The first thing that would need to be assessed is the soil, for it is eroding and holding little nutrient value. Samples would be taken of this soil from various parts of the grasslands including the eroded gullies. Each soil sample would be taken from at least 1 foot below the surface, to test for carbon richness below the topsoil. These would then be tested for texture, density, water retention, and chemical composition. Typically, powerful, healthy soil will contain amounts of both Nitrogen and Phosphorous, which are essential nutrients in sustainable plant growth. These samples would also be tested for any build-up of salts, something known as soil salinization. Unhealthy, salinized soil is created over years of over-hydrating and deep plowing. Excess water will suffocate root systems of once-healthy crops, and salinized soils will reduce crop output up to 20% (Withgott &Brennan, 2011). The next assessment would be in the shrubs and invasive weed species on the land. Knowing the volume and location of these plants gives way to a better understanding of

There are many unique types of animals in the Blackland Prairie; here are a few examples of animals in the Blackland Prairie. One example of one of these animals is the nine-banded armadillo. The nine-banded armadillo is a large, short and brown armadillo with a long tail and nine lines on its shell (therefore its name). They typically eat grubs, insects, berries, and eggs. This scaly critter lives in most of Texas besides the west, they typically live in woods, brush, grasslands and forests. Another one of the many examples of animals in this diverse ecoregion is the black-tailed prairie dog. These chubby, stubby, brown, and furry balls of cuteness live along the border of Mexico. It lives in dry, flat, sparsely vegetated grasslands. These rodents like to consume things like plants, insects, seeds, and grasses. These items make up most of their diet. They are habitat modifiers just like beavers, they build burrows underground close to each other. These are called towns.

Proof of volcanic activity related to the break-up of Australia and Antarctica is seen at Bunbury, which is located 150km south of Perth, at the point where the basalt is of early Cretaceous, also on the middle Jurassic Kangaroo Island. However, evidence of Cenozoic eruptions is only seen in Eastern Highland. All through the Cenozoic, hot spot volcanic event transpire (Sutherland et al., 1985). Most of these events follow the Miocene (Stephenson et al., 1980) with recent eruptions close to the southern and northern margin of volcanic zone at southeast of South Australia and north Queensland respectively.

The Missouri Department of Natural Resources was established in 1974 to protect natural resources, natural commodities, provide residential support, and recreational opportunities (Missouri Department of Natural Resources About Us). This department owns and operates The Division of State Parks (Missouri State Parks About the State Park System). It oversees the regulation and protection of all Missouri State Parks (Missouri State Parks About the State Park System).

As lack of water and a particularly dry climate out competes shrubs, trees, and grasslands across Colorado, erosion rates increase reducing the infiltration of moisture into the soil. Causation is believed to have come from heavy livestock grazing, fire suppression, and the introduction of exotic annual plants. Habitat problems for animals and communities that rely on ranching and hunting have been directly affected by these desertification effects. Desertification has had large ecological impacts on the state of Colorado. Vegetation and ecosystems are among the most crucially impacted by the effects of desertification. While Colorado continues its dry drought like climate, restoration of soil becomes one of the major solutions to fight off desertification. Because of the overuse of our land in past generations, we are continuing to see the harmful effects due to desertification. The overall impact on humans produced by desertification is best noticed by a diminishing food production as well as a wealth of water sources becoming dry. People in affected areas are likely to experience poor water quality, dust storms, and pollution. More importantly, as soil loses its nutrients, it no longer becomes farmable; thus, impacting local businesses, livestock, and the many people in that community. If desertification continues in Colorado, an increase of lost farmlands and livestock will pose an economic decease within agriculture markets, farmers will be forced to move to find better

Many environmental factors allowed Native tribes of the Eastern Woodlands to shape and develop their own culture. Water was abundant, rivers and access to oceans enabled the Natives to grow and rely mainly on crops, like beans, corn and squash, travel, trade and communicate via water way. Natives used these rivers to trade and gain materials, such as copper, quartz, and pearls, develop relationships with other tribes, and explore new territory. Access to these natural resources gave artists the inspiration and material to create sophisticated and beautiful work. Communication with neighboring tribes to forge peace, resulted in less warfare. Dense forests provided ample wood for housing, travel and protection from opposing

Semi-arid grasslands of the great plains were first settled for a large-scale agricultural in the 1860’s. When congress passed the homestead act and encouraged thousands of families to move to the area. Great plains begged literally to blow the land away. Huge cloud dust covered buildings and homes. Dust Bowl decade the plains were torn by climate extremes. Dirt storms recited of the great plains to suffer through coated furniture, clothes , cooking and eating area. Roosevelt's farm security administration built 13 building camps designed by their own self. Each temporary housing complexed accommodated 300 families in tents. Over many years migrantes from the great plains were integrated into the carolina culture.

Pawnee National Grassland is located in northern central Colorado in the Weld County and was established in 1960. The grasslands are about 1.5 million acres long and spread across almost into Wyoming and Nebraska. This area once was used for farming but after the Dust Bowl occurred in the early 1930s it has been highly depopulated since. Even though it is not highly populated many tourist visit Pawnee National Grassland often.

Humans are affecting grassland biomes by unnecessary hunting. When unnecessary hunting occurs, many of the animals food has a chance of disappearing. If animals food disappears, many of the animals could die off. When those animals die off, the population will decrease. The population decrease of animals is not good. It leads to extinction and then there is no more of those animals left in that biome or even in the world. When those animals become extinct, it could possibly be killing off a whole food source to an animal. When that happens, that animal could soon become extinct as well. Which could lead to the whole food chain of that biome being extinct. If the whole food chain becomes extinct for the biome then there will be no biome.

Every year the Wildlife Bureau of the DNR purchases land for public use and wildlife habitats. The restoration of Iowa’s prairie land is considered important because it can restore the natural ecosystem, benefit water quality, and reduces soil erosion caused by runoff. Other farming practices such as having buffer strips near streams and cover crops have helped manage the soil erosion in Iowa, but since 1850 we have lost nearly 14 inches in topsoil depth and growing.