Pd Op 3.3 Essay

Special writing aids help visually impaired people write in straight lines, while Braille and large-print and audio-cassette books help them read and write.

Deaf-blind can also use a screen Braille communicator, a small portable device that enables them to communicate with sighted people. Alternate communication is print on palm, the person communicating with the deaf-blind person prints large block letters on the other persons hand. Each letter is written in the same location on the persons hand. This is a way for the deaf-blind to communicate with the public.

Supporting people with Deaf blindness - Braille is a system of raised dots which can be read by touch. The Moon alphabet consists of embossed shapes which can be read by touch. Objects of Reference are objects that have special meanings assigned to them. They stand for something in the same way that words do.

At a time when brain development is crucial, it can be argued that, based on reported damage to developing structures of the pediatric brain, disruptions of development and long-term cognitive, psychological and social implications could arise as a consequence of TBI.

Traumatic brain injuries are classified into two types, Primary brain injury and Secondary brain injury. Primary brain injury is when the there is direct injury to the brain and is associated structures. Secondary brain injury has to do with the “after affects” of the primary injury, this may include intracranial pressur, intracranial hemorrhage, etc. A brain injury can also be classifies as diffuse or focal. A diffuse brain injury is an injury that affects the whole brain, such as a concussion. A focal brain injury is a more specific and visible injury, such as being seen from an

Traumatic brain injury is defined as a “traumatic insult to the brain capable of producing physical, intellectual, emotional, social and vocational change” and can be divided into two categories: primary injuries and, if these subsequently increase ICP, secondary injuries which may manifest hours to days after the initial insult (Sanders, 2012).

A brain injury is a traumatic that is create from a bump to the head, real hard falls, or another injury that sensibly or rotates fast the brain inside the cranium. Even though it may be bruises and cutest someones face or even there head, there may be no other evident clue of a injury to the

Traumatic Brain Injury is otherwise known as TBI. “Traumatic brain injury, a form of acquired brain injury, occurs when sudden trauma causes damage to the brain. TBI can result when the head suddenly and violently hits an object, or when an object pierces the skull and enters brain tissue” (NINDS, 2010). There are two main types of TBI, closed head injuries such as head hitting a windshield and penetrating head injuries such as a gunshot wound. As reported by the Global Neuroscience Initiative Foundation,” The severity of traumatic brain injuries is often assessed using the Glasgow Coma Scale, with scores ranging from 3 to 15. The higher the score,

This is a well written article by a visually challenged author, Mindy Hartman. In this article she covers the tools used by the blind to similar to the one we generally use in our day today lives to surf the web, email, keep a list of my contacts, find and read books, take down notes, etc. A lap top with a screen reader. She also mentions another device, Apex which has now become an important part of her day to day life. An apex is a very powerful, portable, handy notetaker which comes with an in-built Braille display.

The brain of an adolescent may differ from that of an adult at a greater rate than any other human organ. Physiologically, a developing brain has a different water content, blood volume, blood-brain barrier, blood flow, cerebral metabolic rate of glucose, degree of myelination, number of synapses (which are directly tied to overall neural function) and skull structure. Moreover, because a young brain is still developing it recovers slower and more irregular than an adult brain. These physiological difference can lead to drastically different effects of a TBI. “A single concussive impact on a young brain may cause cerebral swelling, which can lead to brainstem herniation and death” where it would not in an adult brain.

There are apps that allow the words on a computer screen a lot bigger for the people who have trouble seeing and/or have blurry vision(Filipczak 2). Also there have been braille printers made which will help if a blind person needs to read an article, they can print it out and read it by touching it (Filipczak 3). Something as little as a magnifying glass can be counted as assistive technology because it helps the person see the words bigger than they are(Vlasak 1). This helps people who have a hard time seeing be able to read words on a computer screen or be able to to read an article that they can’t see because they are

Blindness is a problem because technology is getting harder for blind people to use. In an article posted by Kate Beck, a certified ophthalmic technician, she stated that “Technology poses a challenge for blind people as well. For example a blind person cannot read the information on a webpage.” When

Abstract - Today there are various camera based technologies available for blind or visually impaired peoples that enhance independent living and foster economic and social self-sufficiency. Various devices developed to make the life of blind people easy. A number of portable reading assistants systems like barcode scanners, product identifier, indoor and outdoor object detection, road navigator have been designed specifically for the visually impaired peoples. For designing these systems various algorithms were used. This paper provides survey on all algorithms and technologies used in designing various systems for visually impaired peoples.

Most ideas take off with great aspirations, great faith and support but only result in disappointment. Then there’s those few and far between ideas that leave marks in history and prove themselves successful -- something that will change the world. Braille is one of those rare inventions. It is a written form of language that allows the blind and visually impaired to be literate. The invention of the Braille Alphabet had a significant impact on world by allowing the blind and visually impaired to act competitively and successfully in society, making buildings more accessible for all people, and also reducing the number of homeless. Its invention has impacted society in such way that must be noted.

- Questionnaire to a random sample of visually impaired to know whether they are buying products for themselves, and whether they come across them any products bearing the writings of Braille, and to identify there needs of the necessary data on the various products.