Pedagogy V Andragogy Essay

Emotional development; a child will develop a stung emotional attachment to carers/parents also to their toys i.e. a teddy bear. A child has basic emotions for example happy or sad and will start developing an understanding of others. Children will form relationships with other children and will developed skills such a sharing. A child will see differences in types of relationships between family and those in a formal setting.

Children at 3 to 4 years will usually be actively learning language and asking many questions.

Intellectual Development (0-3 Years) Beginning to realise others are separate beings from themselves, imitates others and tries out ways of behaving in play, becoming more confident but still needs adult reassurance

7-14 years --- By this stage, children have stable friendships, enthusiasm when given areas of responsibility and clear different activities between boys and girls.

Jean Piaget investigated how children think. According to Piaget, children’s thought processes change as they mature physically and interact with the world around them. Piaget believed children develop schema, or mental models, to represent the world. As children learn, they expand and modify their schema through the processes of assimilation and

In later years the child becomes less dependant on their parents and moves closer to their peers. They develop a sense of right and wrong by may still adult intervention to settle arguments. They become aware of their gender and normally prefer the company of their own sex. Their behaviour differs with their emotions depending upon circumstance.

*Social and emotional development: at this age the child becomes more independent and confident, they like to help adults, they start sharing with other children, and considering other people’s feelings.

The guide below explains what you might expect from the development of the child through various ages:

7-12 year olds will speak a language fluently, children of multicultural familys may speak 3 or more. They will be developing there reading and writing skills, there will be some children developing quicker than others. They will be able to discuss any ideas and thinking out problems. They will have greater ability at developing there own thoughts and preferences.

Children can classify and order, as well as organise objects into series. The child is still tied to the immediate experience but within these limitations can perform logical mental operations. For example, can solve mental problems using counters and objects.

Physical development 0-3 years they are able to feed themselves at the snack table. Nod or shake their heads to say if they want something. If playing shops they should be able to push the trolley and walk at the same time. Be able to kick a ball independently. Showing control when pouring milk/water into a cup. Start making lines and circles when scribbles during mark making. Making bigger towers.

| By this age the child likes to begin to explore and they are able to respond to the simple directions that they are given, can group objects by category, are able to stack rings on pegs in the order of the size (big to small), able to recognize themselves when looking in the mirror and finally they still like imitating more complex adult actions for example housekeeping play.

The benefit to the child is that they can partake in activities with their peers rather than be left out. This ensures the child has maximum opportunities in school and doesn’t have to miss any lessons.

Goes through physical changes at this age, as this happens they become more mature, and as they begin to show interest and skills in different subjects as their confidence grows through communicating effectively with adults.

Piaget and Vygotsky both believed that young children actively learn from their hands-on, day-to-day experiences. Jean Piaget portrayed children as "little scientists" who go about actively constructing their understanding of the world. His theories hold the essence of developmentally appropriate curriculum since Piaget believed that children undergo cognitive development in a stage-based manner, such that a very young child would not think about things the same way that an adult might. He referred to the knowledge and the manner in which the knowledge is gained as a schema. In order to build on the cognitive stages that children experience, informal learning opportunities, formal instructional sessions, and the utilized curriculum must all dovetail with a child's current cognitive stage so that assimilation of the new knowledge may occur. Working with what the child knows and experiences, parents and teachers create bridges to the next cognitive stage that are characterized by the child's accommodation. Piaget argued that optimal learning took place in this manner and that adults should avoid thinking that they can accelerate a child's development through the age-based, maturity-referenced stages. This is because a child works toward establishing an equilibrium between the assimilation and application of new knowledge and changing their behavior to accommodate their newly adopted schemas.