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Pediatric Nursing Study Guide -- Covering Communicable Diseases/ Blood Disorders/Childhood Cancers/Integumentary

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Concept Test Map/Study Guide
Test 2 will include chapters 36, 38, 49, 50, 53

To prepare for Test 2 please review the following:

Communicable diseases (CH38) April 2 a. Stages * Invasion of organism * Incubation period * Prodromal period * Clinical manifestations (S/S) * Convalescent period * Return to wellness b. Immunities * Active immunity naturally acquired – already exposed * Active immunity artificially acquired – vaccination * Passive immunity naturally acquired – * Passive immunity artificially acquired -- c. Childhood communicable diseases
Viral Exanthems (w/ rashes)
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* Vitamin A * Supportive * Bed rest during febrile period; antipyretics * Antibiotics to prevent secondary bacterial infection in high risk children * Complications * Otitis media * Pneumonia (bacterial) * Obstructive laryngitis and laryngotracheitis * Encephalitis (rare but has high moretality) * Nursing care/Management * Isolate until 5th day of rash; Droplet precautions * Encourage rest during prodromal stage; quiet activity * Fever- instruct parents to admin antipyretics; avoid chilling; seizure precautions * Eye care- Dim lightds in photophobia present; clean eyelids w warm saline to remove secretions/crusts; keep child from rubbing eyes * Coryza, cough- Use cool mist vaporizer; protect skin around nares with layer of petrolatum; encourage fluids and soft, bland foods * Skin care- Keep skin clean; use tepid baths as necessary * Varicella -- (2-8 yr of age) pg 1058 and notes (Ch 38) * Agent: Virus – Varicella zoster virus (VZV) * Source: NP secretions, vesicles (fluid filled/elevated) – Primary secretions of respiratory tract of infected persons; to a lesser degree, skin lesions ( scabs not infectious) * Incubation: 2-3 weeks – usually 14-16 days * Communicable: 1day before rash (prodromal period) to 6 days after first crop of vesicles when crusts have formed AKA 1 day before to 6 days after rash * Transmission: direct/indirect/airborne
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