Pelvic Organ Prolapse

A prolapsed umbilical cord can be a life-threatening situation for the baby. The compression of the cord causes oxygen deprivation which can cause death of the fetus. It often occurs when the membranes rupture during delivery. A few emergent interventions that the nurse should take include administering oxygen via nasal cannula, call for help and prepare the mom for an emergency cesarean section. The nurse may also insert a sterile glove inside the vagina to relieve pressure on the umbilical cord and help restore blood flow to the fetus. Possible complications that the mother may experience include birth canal trauma if forceps are used rapidly during vaginal birth and blood loss or infection during a cesarean birth. Possible complications

Have you undergone surgery recently? Have there been complications since? There are attorneys that you can call to help you identify your rights no matter what form of documents you signed. You are entitled to file a lawsuit that will compensate you for additional medical bills you may have had to pay to fix your issues caused by the mesh. Pain and suffering is not something that you have to just "deal with" when you can hire a lawyer to file a lawsuit and take care of it for you.

The horrible practice of female circumcision in sections of Africa as summarized in Female Circumcision: Rite of Passage or Violation of Rights? must be stopped. Female circumcision has been exercised for centuries in Africa and is usually performed without any anesthetic by practitioners with insufficient knowledge of human medicine or anatomy. Female genital cutting is a component for preparing adolescent girls for womanhood and marriage. There are three general types of genital excision: clitoridectomy, excision, and infibulation - the severity is in ascending order. Infibulation is the most severe and is “particularly likely to cause long-term health problems” (Althaus 245). Despite the ample amount of risks and health problems, some practitioners view female circumcision as an “integral part of their cultural and ethnic identity, and some perceive it as a religious obligation” (Althaus 243). The cultural practice of female circumcision requires the scrutiny of the West and should be abolished altogether because genital excision is injurious to women's health, has no health benefits, and is a violation of human rights.

The problems in our medical system is that they don’t treat and see pregnancies and labor as a natural stage that a women may have, they want to treat it as a medical conditions and is not we as women are able to give birth and survive without any drugs women in the past did it and we can also do it. Pregnancies and births are a business in todays society and hospitals and doctors are the ones that are making a great profit from this. One thing that can be done to help with this issues is educating women because most of us are very terrified of labor because is being portray as a very unpleasant experience, doctors should also have more experience on natural births since most of them don’t get to see a natural birth. Another things that can be done is for doctors to recommend women to have their kids in a natural way with out drugs and with midwives, also doctors should work more closely with

Female genital mutilation (FGM) affects 80% of women in Sierra Leone. These women experience a 70% higher risk of postpartum haemorrhage.

Across the enormous continent of Africa, there are a myriad of birth practices, customs, and traditions. From spiritual ceremonies, consumption of certain fruits, blessing ways to having supportive birthing assistants are some of the very common and important customs from African countries, especially Ghana. One of the oldest and most widely recognized customs is midwifery. Midwifery is the act of assisting women and their families before, during, and after childbirth. Moreover, some midwives also perform abortions and aid in post abortion care

My diagnosis for Eleanor is pelvic floor dysfunction. The symptoms of pelvic floor dysfunction are constipation, frequent urination, pain during urination, and lower back pain. Pelvic floor dysfunction is common in women. (Faubion et al., 2012). It may be caused by aging and childbirth. (Wang et al., 2012). Eleanor is an 88 year old woman. She is also a mother of two, which means that she has given birth at least once. These factors may have contributed to her condition. Eleanor has difficulties with constipation. She also has an increased urge to urinate and has minor problems in controlling her urinary process. She experiences pain when she urinates. Whenever she coughs, or carries anything, she cannot help but wet herself. She urinates as often as ten times in the day and five times at night. Lastly, Eleanor has chronic back pain that does not stop with over the counter pain medication. These symptoms show that Eleanor has pelvic floor dysfunction.

The sex of the individual is believed to be a male. The Pelvis bone is a major benefactor in the determination of the sex. For the remains found, some qualitative observations were made for the Pelvis. The Pelvic Cavity Shape seemed to resemble a ‘heart-shape’, showing sacrum and coccyx. Some qualitative observations on the Pelvis are the Greater Sciatic Notch, Pubis body width, and Sub-pubic angle. The Greater sciatic notch was 62 mm. The Pubis body width was 15 mm. The Sub-pubic angle was 70.1 degrees.

Rectal prolapse is the protuberance of either the rectal mucosa or the complete wall of the rectum. Partial prolapse encompasses only the mucosa and generally only overhangs by a few centimeters. Complete prolapse encompasses all layers of the rectal wall.

The quality of obstetric care can depend on different barriers to access, education, or race and class. The healthcare system in Brazil is split between private and public sectors. Brazil has the Brazilian Public Health System known as the SUS that provides services to citizens because healthcare is considered a public right. Studies have shown the high rate of cesareans occur at private hospitals where women are paying more for care. The country’s healthcare is around 30% private and 70% public, which supports the inequality amongst the population. Those who can afford private healthcare receive more of a choice. These women also tend to keep the same doctor throughout their pregnancy allowing for more benefits and informed decisions

In women, pelvic organs (bladder, uterus, vagina, small bowel, and rectum) are well supported by the cardinal ligaments, levator ani skeletal muscles and the endopelvic fascia that comprise the Pelvic Floor (DeLancey, 1992). Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) is a very common condition affecting millions of women worldwide. It is the downward descent of the pelvic organs and/or vault into the vagina due to the weakened or damaged pelvic floor support structures (Figure 3) (Jelovsek et al., 2007). There are different types of POP depending upon the organs that herniate through the vagina. Cystocele occurs when the bladder herniates through the weakened anterior vaginal wall. Enterocele is the descent of small bowel into vagina and rectocele occurs

Vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) is a worldwide problem; however, the true incidence and prevalence is not known. Reportedly affecting as many as two million women, this number reflects an estimate from an expert opinion, without the benefit of national or regional “interview and exam” prevalence data (WHO 2010). In most settings where obstetric fistula presents an ongoing public health problem, fistula incidence is extrapolated from maternal mortality estimates (as high as 1:7 in impoverished settings compared to

Lumboperitoneal shunts commonly are used to treat several conditions, but their use can result in significant complications. We discuss a complication of these shunts that has not been reported in the literature to date.

I will still continue the same process in manging this case with adding several more components during the screening process. Since the trunk instability could affect the lower limb, I woulde investigate about the lumbo-pelvic stability to see if thre is any instablity or weaknes in those area. Additionally, I would add in this process a screnning for the central sensitisation. Sence the injury hapend long time ago, the soft tissu that injuried should be healed. However the brain may still think the injury still there, thus produce pain bilaterally. I would screen for the stress when the injury occured and if there are any stress in the family as well as if there are any history of other injury, which indicat central sensitisation. Moreover,

Obstetrical emergency is a life – threatening situation for both the mother and the fetus during pregnancy, during labour and after birth. Obstetric emergencies can occur suddenly and unexpectedly they are associated with adverse effect to maternal and perinatal outcome. Early identification of high risk pregnancies can reduce the obstetric emergencies .It occurred more frequently during antenatal period (52%) than intranatal (32%) or postnatal period (16%). Early diagnosis for any kind of possible complication during pregnancy, labour and after birth may lead to good prognosis for both mother and baby. In obstetrical emergency situations, optimal management requires the immediate coordinated actions of a multi-disciplinary and multi-professional team. In order to manage obstetric emergencies there should be multiple skilled attendants covering 24 hours a day, seven days a week, assisted by trained support staff and for managing surgical related complication there should be functional operating theatre, with more support staff and they must be able to administer safe blood transfusions and anaesthesia.