Pender's Health Promotion Model Analysis

Childhood obesity has been increasing over recent years (Atay & Bereket, 2016). Kings Fund (2016) has shown a link to the lower socio-economic areas. Furthermore, World Health Organization [WHO] (2016) has recognised childhood obesity as a public health issue. Childhood obesity is the contemporary public health issue that is going to be explored throughout this assignment. Epidemiology will justify the reasoning as to why childhood obesity is a public health issue. A health promotion initiative designed to target obesity and the population’s health and wellbeing will be evaluated using Tannahills Model of Health Promotion (Tannahill, 2008). The health promotion initiative chosen is ‘Change 4 Life’ (Department of Health, 2011).

Health promotion includes providing activities that improve a person’s health. These activities assist patients to “maintain or enhance their present levels of health. Health promotion activities motivate people to act positively to reach more stable levels of health” (Potter & Perry, 2005, p. 97). In order for nurses to assist patients in obtaining healthy lifestyles, they must first assess a patient’s perception of health. The World Health Organization defines health as a “state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity” (as cited in Potter & Perry, 2005, p. 91). There are many nursing theories that are based on an individual’s perception of health. This paper will

Although many of the older nurses reported neglecting their own needs the study outlined several great self-care strategies for older nurses. These self-care strategies included; regular exercise, eating healthy, and taking time for yourself. Eating healthy is especially important for nurses because many nurses do not take time during their shifts to eat or drink water. One nurse stated “meal breaks, that’s got to be the biggest laugh out”, while yet another nurse said “I don’t drink water…basically, I have coffee, coffee, coffee, coffee” (Gabrielle, et al., 2008, p. 321). After implementing self-care strategies outlined in the study many nurses reported having decreased aches and pains, lower blood pressure, decreased weight and overall better mental and physical health. Nurses who engaged in regular physical activities also reported better eating and drinking habits. Sara, a midwife of 44 years, had type-2 diabetes, obesity, and osteoarthritis from lack of self-care. Sara adopted a regular exercise program, changed her diet and cut back on her work hours. After making these changes she stated, “I’ve lost 36 kilos, I go to the gym, I walk, I swim. I do all the things I said I

Finkelman, A. (2013) Health promotion, Disease Prevention, and Illness: A community Perspective.. In Professional Nursing Concepts (Second ed., pp 201-227). Burlington: Jones & Bartlet Learning.

Awareness of what health threats I might be susceptible to, and information I learned in this course about health behavior change has led me to take primary and secondary prevention actions (Straub, 2014, pp. 204). Knowing that I have a predisposition to breast cancer, ovarian cancer, hypertension, and heart problems has motivated me to exercise and improve my physical fitness, and visit the doctor more regularly to stay as healthy as possible and keep myself from getting sick. I don’t do drugs or drink alcohol because such behaviors can cause short-term and especially long-term health consequences. These are examples of primary prevention. At a recent visit to the doctor, I was informed that I have high cholesterol,

The three Health Promotion issues I have chosen to discuss are smoking, physical inactivity and unhealthy diet. According to NICE (2007) Smoking, poor diet and lack of exercise play an important role in the health and behaviour of people in relation to their social and cultural background. I have chosen to discuss a group of patients aged 70-75 years old who have previously been diagnosed with heart disease; multiple medical conditions include hypertension, high cholesterol and diabetes; they are currently being treated on a cardiac ward waiting for further tests. I will explore the three areas of Health Promotion and discuss how they are Linked to the patients underlining medical issues. Ethnics in nursing practice will be discussed, focusing on the patient’s views, values and principles; Inter-professional working in educating the patient and the impact it can have on how we think and react to our lifestyle choices; I will focus on Various models and discuss how they are linked in relation to the patient and health promotion. In accordance to the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) (2015) full consent has been verbally granted; also in respect of their privacy the patients names and placement area will remain anonymous.

In the undertaking of this assignment, the primary objective is focused on defining the health promotion in nutrition, exercise, stress, and complementary therapy. Also, an explanation of one health intervention in each of these four health promotion topics and how the nurse can implement the interventions into everyday practice will be provided and an example in each topic listed.

My personal health promotion consists of exercising, eating healthy, and asking for help when feeling stressed. My place of employment offers a discounted gym membership that I take advantage of with my other coworkers. I love steamed veggies, fruits, nuts, and salads. I eat baked or grilled meat, because fried food disagrees with my stomach. I choose to drink water instead carbonated or sweetened drinks. I also have two wonderful sisters that will pitch in and help with my children’s after school activities when I need unwind and rest.

Often in practice, we as nurses deal with a variety of diseases and treatments and often have to react to the illness that the patient presents with upon our interaction. While this is an essential piece of our practice, we also have a duty to our patients to be proactive in preventing specific health-related consequences based on their risk factors and to promote their health and well being. Health promotion as it relates to nursing is about us empowering our patients to increase their control over their lives and well beings and includes: focusing on their health not just illness, empowering our patients, recognizing that health involves many dimensions and is also effected by factors outside of their control (Whitehead et al. 2008)..

Health promotion engages multiple partners at multiple levels in changing the programs, policies and practices that affect health. It can be challenging to document what is being done to improve health. Since multiple factors affect multiple and interrelated outcomes, it is challenging to establish what aspects of a particular initiative resulted in particular outcomes. In this context, evidence may take the form of showing the contribution of multiple environmental changes—such as new programs policies, and practices—on related population-health outcomes.

HLTH 300 also provided knowledge about health promotion, which can be viewed as “the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health” (WHO, 2016b, “Health Promotion”). Health promotion focuses on improving the SDHs for population groups through advocating for better economic and social conditions, increasing equal opportunities for all individuals to achieve optimal health and well-being, and coordinating action among various sectors, such as health, non-profit, and government (WHO, 1986). Non-profit organizations like ICA who focus on helping immigrants and refugees, often concurrently commit efforts to helping newcomers settle in their new environments, and building and improving their social

Health promotion utilises theories and models to guide practice. A theory is the general principles of a framework of ideas in regards to a particular topic. (Merriam-webster.com, 2016) A model is a set plan of action based on theoretical ideas to achieve a set goal. (Merriam-webster.com, 2016)

The World Health Organisation - WHO (2015) defines Health Promotion as fundamental discipline in disease prevention through social /environmental intervention, health education and behaviour change towards health. This description coincides with Dahlgren and Whitehead’s Social Determinants of Health (1992) where the individual’s health is not only limited to medical factors but it is largely influenced by lifestyle – rooting from its social factors from familial, societal to national level. In this regard, the vital role of the nurse as a health promotion practitioner is to uphold individual’s autonomy by increasing their knowledge about how the body functions to prevent diseases and making them aware of how the healthcare

Nurses implement health promotion strategies in a variety of ways. Due to the high level of credibility nurse’s have with their patients, they greatly influence their patients with their passion. By emphasizing health promotion strategies such as self-responsibility, proper nutrition, exercise and stress management, nurses plant the seeds of wellness in the minds of their patients. While ultimately, it is up to the individual to make healthy changes in their lives, the role of the nurse practitioner plays a huge role in motivating individuals to adopt healthy habits.

The health promotion model is greatly significant to nursing as it identifies and focuses on three main concepts: individual characteristics and experiences, behavior-specific cognitions and affects, and behavioral outcomes (Petiprin, 2016). Pender addresses and clearly defines each metaparadigm concept and propositions in relation to her conceptual model. Pender (2011) defines humans as biopsychosocial beings that actively seek to control their behavior that is formed by the environment which is made of social, cultural, and physical aspects where life occurs. Pender believes that the environment can be manipulated by both individuals and nursing in order to produce behaviors that optimize one’s health