Perfectionism And Procrastination

Throughout school you’ve most likely seen these two types of people, the perfectionist and the procrastinator. The perfectionist always getting an A for their hard work, while the procrastinator sometimes slides by with a 70 with their mess of a paper or project. From a glance, these two varieties of people seem like yin and yang, but in some ways they can be alike.

The focus of this paper is primarily centered on the negative repercussions which may accompany perfectionism. A perfectionist is likely to have learned early on in life that the level of achievement or accomplishment that one has achieved is the basis for how others value others. Therefore, he or she might have learned to value him/herself on the basis of other people's approval. His/her self esteem could be based primarily on external standards which could leave him/her vulnerable and sensitive to other people's opinions and criticisms. Perfectionism may be in itself a means of defense against the criticism of others. (http://www.odos.uiuc.edu/Counseling-Center/perfecti.htm) Many negative thoughts, beliefs, and feelings can accompany perfectionism, and it is these

Throughout school you’ve most likely seen these two types of people, the perfectionist and the procrastinator. The perfectionist always getting an A for their hard work, while the procrastinator sometimes slides by with a 70 with their mess of a paper or project. From a glance, these two varieties of people seem like yin and yang, but in some ways they can be alike.

In regards to openness there were no substantial relationships among any sort of perfectionism. Studies suggest that the Five Factor Model does not play a role in multidimensional perfectionism (Stoeber, Corr, Smith, & Saklofske, 2016). Despite a few singular studies, the majority examination of Hewitt and Flett’s model does not signify any correlation with openness. Suggesting that perfectionists are not less open to experience that non-perfectionists (Stoeber, Corr, Smith, & Saklofske, 2016).

Table 3 demonstrates the overall levels of the three dimensions of perfectionism measured in each of the non-injured participants and shows the calculated average level of perfectionism across all three dimensions measured, with the majority of participants demonstrating average levels of perfectionism overall. The levels of self-esteem varied slightly among the group, however four participants reached an average level of

According to Dunn, Whelton, and Sharpe (2006), due to working as academics involves having to constantly receive criticism from colleagues and students as well as bearing the expectations to deliver work in the highest standards, university academics are therefore seen as the most appropriate group to represent the professional group for the study of perfectionism. The career as a university professor is indeed very challenging, whereby everyday work entails critical scrutiny from peers. In addition to that, the environment that these professors have to face each day are somewhat trying and unaccommodating (Gmelch, Wilke, & Lovrich, 1986) which can further aggravate dysfunctional personality tendencies. All these criteria may one way or the other give

Procrastination is dangerous for any leader that desires to be highly successful. The basis is because as noted previously time touches every area of life. If an individual do not know how to lead oneself through the restrictions of

To be perfect is impossible. But the ability to achieve the impossible is the temptress. Perfectionism has been described as a multidimensional personality disposition. Indicating that the multiple dimensions can show either different or opposite correlations with maladaptive or adaptive psychological processes (Stoeber, Corr, Smith, & Saklofske, 2016). It is a personality disposition that can be characterized by a striving for flawlessness and setting exceedingly high standards for oneself. These standards can pertain to performances that are subsequently accompanied by self-critical evaluations and the perception that others expect one to be perfect (Stoeber, 2016; Stoeber, Edbrooke-Childs, & Damian, 2016). Perfectionism is a disposition that pervades all areas of life including but not limited to work, school, personal appearance, and social relationships (Stoeber, Edbrooke-Childs, & Damian, 2016).

Number of different ways in which perfectionism is conceptualized and measured is one of the biggest challenges when designing research in this field (Hill, Appleton & Hall, 2014). Nevertheless, when going through various sources, we can see a common point of view among researches looking at perfectionism as a multidimensional and multifaceted personality trait characterized by imposing high standards on oneself with the tendency to engage in overly and unrealistic critical evaluations of one’s achievement (Cumming & Duda, 2012; Flett & Hewitt, 2002). Individual’s need for flawlessness (perfection) and setting of excessively high standards of performance accompanied by tendencies for extremely critical evaluation of one’s performance are the core of this phenomenon (Stoeber & Otto, 2006). In general population, perfectionism is usually perceived as a negative psychological phenomenon leading to other unfavourable results (e.g. experiencing high level of stress). This extremely polarized attitude used to be also kept by many researchers connecting perfectionism with psychopathology outcomes.

Procrastination is, for many individuals, a fact of life. Delaying until later an activity which would best be done right away, despite knowing that the delay will likely have a variety of negative effects, such as increased stress or decreased quality of work, is a common behavior. However, until recently, the psychological explanation for procrastination was more or less unknown. Starting in 1997, researchers began to look into the behaviors inherent in and effects of chronic procrastination. A recently published paper by Eric Jaffe, a member of the Association for Psychological Science, titled Why Wait? The Science Behind Procrastination, examined the results of these researchers’ work, and attempted to explain the resulting theories and concepts.

Building on this, the present study wants to investigate Hypothesis one; there will be a positive correlation between Perfectionisms all three subscales (self-orientation, other-orientated & socially prescribed) and also be a predictor for Perceived stress, hypothesis two; there will be a positive correlation between Perfectionism all three sub scales (self-orientation, other-orientated & socially prescribed) and also be a predictor for Life

forms of perfectionism, which may lead to depression, greater anger suppression, anxiety, and/or obsessive-compulsiveness (Cheng, Govorun, & Chartrand, 2012).

According to Pacht (1984) Perfectionism as the setting of excessively high standards for performance accompanied by overly critical self-evaluations. Perfectionism can precede, maintain or be an effect of AN and sometimes persist after recovery (as cited in Cassin and von Ranson, 2005; Lilienfeld, Wonderlich, Riso, Crosby, and Mitchell, 2006). Perfectionism has been

Pathological perfectionists have limited social relationships. Their relaionship can also be described as a dependent relationship.

This has been seen through subtle distinctions in the studies, and which have been through maladaptive, and adaptive perfectionism (Enns & Cox, 2002). The maladaptive aspect of perfectionism showed an unhealthier aspect of perfectionism which was the setting of high standards, and striving towards impossible goals which in the end determines one’s own self-worth (Burgess & DiBartolo,2015, Hewitt & Flett, 1991, 2004). Individuals who have this aura of inflexibility with standards, self- worth dependence, and a full perfectionist mindset seems to be more rigid in their thinking which develops this type of perfectionism as being unhealthy. Adaptive perfectionism seems to be more positively correlated with the flexibility which is accompanied by standards, goal striving, and the adjustment of