Periodontal Disease And Manual Dexterity

better the process and the causes of periodontal disease ( I talked to the patient

Patients were selected according to the following inclusion criteria: 1) no periodontal treatment within the previous 12 months; 2) no use of antibiotics within the previous 6 months; 3) no systemic disease that could influence the outcome or progression of periodontal therapy; 4) no use of anti-inflammatory drugs within the past 3 months; 5) no pregnancy; 6) no use of hormonal contraceptives; and 7) no smokers, alcohol drinkers, or drug users. Patients with <16 teeth, partial dentures, or fixed prosthodontic appliances were excluded from the study. Teeth with mobility grade III or periodontal pockets deeper than 10 mm in the studied areas were not evaluated. All selected patients signed an informed consent form before undergoing the research

     Periodontal disease is more commonly known as gum disease or gingivitis. This infection is serious enough, that it can lead to tooth loss if left untreated. This chronic infection starts around the tooth and it affects the supporting bone and gums. Periodontal disease can affect anywhere from one tooth to all thirty-two teeth. The disease pathology starts with the plaque that builds up on your teeth everyday.

Periodontitis is an infectious disease that affects all organs of the tooth structure: gums, root surface, bone and ligaments that tooth is attached to the bone. Periodontitis begins inconspicuously as gingivitis, which is manifested mainly by bleeding. Later, the inflammation spreads to the depth and results in a progressive loss of bone. Gums begin to recede, the roots of the teeth is exposed arise periodontal swelling and pus. Teeth start to wobble, spacing and release. The decisive factor is the quality of oral hygiene, not

Oral health seems to all link together, by not treating one side effect different concerns can occur in the oral cavity. Periodontal disease is a disease that involves inflammation of the periodontium. “Periodontal disease causes a breakdown of the periodontium, resulting in loss of tissue attachment and destruction of the alveolar bone.” (Bird, 2015) Which means that once it’s lost, you can’t get it back. “Periodontal disease is the lead cause of tooth loss and almost 75 percent of adults have some form of periodontal disease.” (Bird, 2015) The primary cause of periodontal disease is plaque. Plaque cannot be easily removed by rinsing the mouth, so if plaque builds up and isn’t removed for a long period of time, a patient with xerostomia and bad oral hygiene can be susceptible to periodontal disease. That’s why deep cleanings performed by a dentist or hygienist is so important. A dentist or hygienist uses a scaler that is used to scrap off plaque from above and below the gum line. In some cases, a laser may also be used to remove plaque which results in the procedure being more comfortable for the patient. That’s why patients need to be informed about removing plaque themselves at least once a day. Periodontal disease begins with a vast amount of bacterial plaque, but medications can also trigger periodontal

Prevention is the key with periodontal disease. Proper brushing and flossing at least twice a day is recommended. If you like electric toothbrushes, my doctor recommends Sonicare. An antiseptic mouthwash, like Listerine is helpful as well. If you are a smoker, quit. You will never be rid of this disease of you continue to smoke. If you are pregnant, make sure you are brushing and flossing everyday. Do the same if you have heart disease. Make an appointment every six months with your dental hygienist. Avoid sugary foods that encourage plaque growth. Suckers and hard candies are the worst because they sit in your mouth. This gives the bacteria and plaque plenty of time to grow. See your dentist regularly and above all make sure you brush and floss twice a day.

Chronic periodontitis has been identified as the most prevalent form of periodontitis affecting the adults and occasionally the adolescents and children.(Merin, 2015) This periodontal disease of inflammatory origin is thought to be the result of host immune response against bacterial colonies in the subgingival plaque.(Merin, 2015) In many cases, systemic and environmental factors play a significant role in the disease progression. Common risk factors such as uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and smoking, contribute to periodontal destruction in genetically susceptible individuals by modifying the host’s immune reactions towards periodontal pathogens. Clinically, the diagnosis of chronic periodontitis is made based on the presence of supragingival and subgingival plaque and calculus, signs of gingival inflammation, periodontal attachment loss and radiographic bone loss. Chronic periodontitis can be further classified based on the extent and severity of periodontal destruction. Localised chronic periodontitis is diagnosed when less than 30% of the sites are affected; whereas the generalised form of the disease affects more than 30% of the sites. The severity of the disease is determined by the amount of clinical attachment loss. It is classified as mild, moderate or severe when 1-2mm, 3-4mm or 5mm or more attachment loss is recorded respectively. (Merin, 2015)

Each and every human mouth contains microorganisms, good and bad. It has been concluded that there are up to 1,000 variety of microorganisms residing in the oral cavity. Many of these bacteria are harmless to humans and are natural to the body. However, there are several that can cause decay and chronic infection in the oral cavity, which are also known as gram negative bacteria (Gehrig & Willmann, 2016). Biofilm, also known as plaque that forms on teeth, contains an organized matrix of microorganisms, which consists of these gram negative bacteria that can cause periodontitis. There are several types of biofilm in nature, but plaque in the oral cavity can be very destructive to a human’s periodontium and can place other organ systems at risk for harm. Bacteria reproduce very quickly and form huge colonies quickly as well (Gehrig & Willmann, 2016). It is important for women, who are pregnant or whom are trying to become pregnant, to have a thorough periodontal exam,

According to paper published by Eke, Wei, Thornton-Evans, and Genco in 2012, about 47% of the sample representing 64.7 million adults aged 30 yr and older had periodontitis. Not only that, adults aged 65yr and older had higher percentage

Background: Periodontal disease is a category of oral inflammatory infections, caused by pathogenic bacteria within the tooth surface biofilm, which leads to destruction of tooth-supporting tissues. Over half of the American adult population is affected by one or more forms of periodontal disease, and at the same time, millions of Americans are electing for teeth whitening procedures every year – often in the face of inflammation. The current trial evaluates the effect of a gum health formulation on teeth whitening and periodontal disease parameters in patients with gingivitis or periodontitis.

There exists an intimate relationship between periodontal health and the restoration of teeth. The maintenance of gingival health has a direct impact on the longevity of the teeth and associated restorations. Therefore, a good clinician requires an adequate understanding of the relationship between periodontal tissues and restorative dentistry and its impact on the form, function, aesthetics, and comfort of the dentition.

As individual’s age, one becomes more susceptible to several different types of ailments as the immune system becomes less able to fight infections. One of these ailments also includes periodontitis, which is inflammation of the gingival tissue caused by bacterial infection.

The sequence of care for a periodontal maintenance appointment would start with updating the medical status because we always want to know what medications, allergies, or medical problems the patient might have to provide the best standard of care. The next step would be the patient interview which would include any social status issues, review of dental care, and clarification of the patient’s perceptions of their own oral status. Next would be the clinical assessment which would include comparing new data to baseline data, extraoral and intraoral examination, dental examination, radiographs, and periodontal examination. For this case study patient, I would recommend that 4 vertical bitewings are taken at the periodontal maintenance appointment and a full mouth series be taken every 3-5 years. The next step in the appointment should be an evaluation of the effectiveness of self-care which would be done by calculating the patient’s plaque score. During this step of the appointment, I would tell the patient where they brush well and where they can improve brushing. Identification of treatment needs is the next step in the appointment when the clinician would indicate the needs the patient would have patient such as restorations and reinstitution of active periodontal therapy. The patient may need professional biofilm removal. For periodontal instrumentation, I would use the Cavitron to

As stated by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, “Each year, more than 30,000 new cases of cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx are diagnosed and over 8,000 deaths due to oral cancer occur.” (CDC). Most adults are unaware that they have periodontal disease or gum disease, this occurs because they do not maintain routine checkups with their dentist. When we insert food and other bacteria into our mouths, it affects our teeth and gums. We need routine dental checkups and cleanings throughout our lives. Dental checkups usually involve x-rays, cleanings, and the examination of the mouth.

Periodontitis is a ubiquitous chronic inflammatory disease initiated by periodontal pathogenic bacteria which accumulate as subgingival biofilms in periodontal pockets (4).