Permanent Magnet Motor Development And Development Of Permanent Magnetic Materials

The equivalent electrical circuit of a dc motor is shown in figure 5.2. It can be represented by a voltage source (Va) across the coil of the armature. The electrical equivalent of the armature coil can be described by an inductance (La) in series with a resistance (Ra) in series with an induced voltage (Vc) which

The motor, it is used for a wide variety of purposes, it is used in cars, clocks, drills, fans, and electric toothbrushes (“Energy Transfer”). As one can tell, motors play an important part in daily life, people can’t go a day without using a product that uses a motor. Motor’s are normally used to spin a part of the item that the motor is in, but how does the motor spin the part that needs to be spun.

Mankind has made many extraordinary innovations for the world most having their debut in the motor vehicle department. Inside the motor department is a race for the greatest motor to put in all cars. The motor needing both performance and economy in mind. People have disagreed often over which motor concept would be a better source to make the wheels spin. There are two motors in question; they are the hybrid and electric motor. Since they are both still fairly new, the idea of knowing which to improve and which to terminate is a difficult decision. However, this is a good time to look at both motors in their semi mass production stage. Before we invest too much money into the wrong one. We will see how the hybrid takes the lead and the

Brushless motors are considered to be a high performance motor that is capable of providing large amounts of torque over a vast speed

A notable application of Nikola Tesla’s Alternating Current induction motor is the Electric Vehicle (EV). EVs are powered by an electric motor rather than a conventional gasoline engine. It is important to make the distinction between an EV and a hybrid, plug-in hybrid, or hydrogen fuel cell car. For our analysis, an EV is a vehicle that is completely driven by an electric motor, which is powered by a large battery, such as the BMW i3 and the Tesla Model S.

Efficiency of any machine is how well it can convert one form of energy to another. Induction motors transform electrical energy into mechanical energy. The induction motor receives power from the provision mains through the stator coil windings. The input power is electric power. The power from the stator coil winding is transferred to rotor, via air gap by induction principle. The output power is a mechanical power. The mechanical power is obtained at the shaft of the motor to perform mechanical work. Then the efficiency is established by knowing the input power and the output power.

1) are derived first by algebraically solving the equivalent circuit shown in Fig. 2. These extreme values include maximum torque, maximum mechanical power, maximum power factor, maximum efficiency, and maximum electric power. It will be shown that the torque and mechanical power extrema can be expressed in analytical forms while the power factor, efficiency and electric power extrema need to be solved numerically. It will then be shown that these extrema can also be determined graphically using the circle diagram method. The circle diagram method is an old method but can still be found in some textbooks (e.g., [3]-[4]). The research into graphical methods for induction motor analysis is still active (e.g., [5][11]). One may consider that the circle diagram method is limited to qualitative evaluation because it cannot give accurate results. In fact, if the circle diagram method is carried out by a modern computer drawing tool that allows the user to draw geometric diagrams with parameters (i.e., coordinates, lengths, angles, etc.) to the accuracy of four decimal places, then the circle diagram method is able to give all the aforementioned performance extrema with required accuracy. Unlike the circle diagram method used in [10] and [11] that is based on the approximate equivalent circuit of induction machine and is limited to motoring mode of operation, the circle diagram method used in this paper is based on

For this lab the model of the synchronous machine was already considered. The synchronous machine being used had a rating of 208-V (line-to-line rms), 60-Hz, and 200-W. It is a 4-pole machine with a synchronous speed of 1800 RPM. The open-circuit and short-circuit tests performed in this lab can

Permanent magnet (PM) DC brushed and brushless motors incorporate a combination of PM and electromagnetic fields to produce torque (or force) resulting in motion. This is done in the DC motor by a PM stator and a wound armature or rotor. Current in the DC motor is automatically switched to different windings by means of a commutator and brushes to create continuous motion. In a brushless motor, the rotor incorporates the magnets, and the stator contains the windings. As the name suggests brushes are absent and hence in this case, commutation is implemented electronically with a drive amplifier that uses semiconductor switches to change current in the windings based on rotor position feedback. In this respect, the BLDC motor is equivalent to a reversed DC commutator motor, in which the magnet rotates while the conductors remain stationary. Therefore, BLDC motors often incorporate either internal or external position sensors to sense the actual rotor.

This thesis deals with the design and analysis of control system structures for electric drives equipped with permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSM) in automotive application.With the increasing popularity of multi-level inverters, the room for improvement of the performance of voltage source inverters has continuously been tested for various applications. The rapid development of high switching frequency power electronics in the past decade leads towards wider application of voltage source inverters in AC power generation. Therefore, this prompts the need for a modulation technique with less total harmonic distortion, fewer switching losses, and wider linear modulation range.The present thesis highlights the comparison of the conventional two-level inverter and the three-level diode clamped inverters for the application in automotive industry.

The two major classifications of the motors are AC and DC motors. Only the DC motors clearly fits our system because the AC motors are

This paper investigates adjustable speed induction motor drive using 2-level and 3-level PWM.The result obtained is verified using Matlab simulation.This result compares the hamonic contect in between 2-level and 3-level by FFT analysis tool.To analyse the resulta a carrier based pwm was taken using 2- level and 3- level topology and a threephase bridge convetor with internally generated capability SPWM/SVPWM was intrduced. Carrier freqency18*60Hz, modulation index 0.9, output voltage freqency 60 Hz and ouput voltage phase 0 degre Was fixed. So corresponing to above values,the motor speed was 1800 rpm. Or 188.5 radian/sec, hence torque is 11.87Nm. A two pole squirrel cage motor was taken subjected to 400V dc source with modulation index0.9 prduces 220v rms.when motor starts, at 0.5s it reaches its steady speed 181 radian/sec or 1728 rpm. Now by discretizing the FFT tool displays the frequency spectrum of voltage and current waveforms. These signals are stored in workspace in the ASM structure with time variable generated by the Scope block. As my model is discretized, the signal saved in this structure is sampled at a fixed step and consequently satisfies the FFT tool requirements.It was observed that value of total harmonic distortion(THD) was 65.77 percent in 2-level and 35.11 percent in 3- level for SPWM invertor and 56.77 percent for SVPWM invertor.

Dc Motors were once the only devices known to convert electrical energy to mechanical energy or vice versa. Although they were inherited successfully by ac motors and vector control drives; they still show promising advantages like reliability, cost effectiveness, and moreover operator friendliness.

Nowadays, some electric cars which use induction motor with inverters instead of use DC motor that can be powered directly from their DC batteries. For example, tesla cars use ac motor instead of dc motor. In the world, there are three main types of motors which be used in electric cars, Brush DC motor, Brushless DC motor and induction motor. However, when companies design all the electric vehicles, they will think about some parameters and these can be divided into 6 parts. Firstly, in the efficiency part, when use dc controller with Brush DC motor, the efficiency of it is 94%. However, when Brushless DC motor and induction motor use inverters, the efficiency of them are about 97%. Secondly, in the wear/service part, Brushes are subject to wear and require periodic replacement and Brushless DC motor and induction motor are lifetime. Thirdly, in the specific cost which includes cost of inverter part, the Brush DC motor is very low, because motor and controller are generally inexpensive. The cost of Brushless DC motor is very

The brushless DC motors are becoming more popular in low and medium power applications due to the characteristics they have such as better speed versus torque characteristics, high dynamic response, high efficiency, noiseless operation and higher torque to weight ratio. They also have a long life span. With rapid development in power electronics, semiconductor and manufacturing technology for high performance magnetic materials, the brushless DC motors have been used for energy savings applications such as air conditioners, refrigerators, air pumps, kitchen appliances and electric vehicles.