Perspective Chart Review Paper

Prochaska & DiClemente’s (1984) research suggests the Prochaska & DiClemente’s model of change is effective and has an impact in health promotion. The Prochaska & DiClemente’s model of change is becoming a more popular and widely used resource for health promotion; this is because it can be applied with a number of addictive behaviours such as smoking, drug use and alcohol abuse (Whitelaw, et al, 2000). The Prochaska & DiClemente’s model of change has six stages these include, Pre contemplation this is when the patient is not seriously considering change, Contemplation This is when the patient is thinking about change, Preparation when the

Shanell Bathersfield conducted a self-assessment. She initially determined that the systems theory was one that she was not comfortable with. Through the last few course weeks, she was able to gain an in-depth perspective on several theories that are impactful in the social work field. The coursework and utilizing Juana and Adelina as case studies, truly gave an exclusive insight on how theories are used to understand the client’s circumstances and improve their well-being.

Client 2 had small changes from the baseline to intervention (Gliner, Harmon, & Morgan, 2000). Client 3 showed improvement in the baseline and invention (Gliner, Harmon, & Morgan, 2000). Client 4 showed there were slight improvement from baseline to intervention (Gliner, Harmon, & Morgan, 2000). Client 5 had overall improvement. Client 6 had minimal change from baseline to intervention (Gliner, Harmon, & Morgan, 2000). Client 7 showed improvement from baseline to intervention. Client 8 showed great improvement (Gliner, Harmon, & Morgan, 2000). Based on the high anger control scale scores the students that receive anger control training have shown patterns of improvement (Gliner, Harmon, & Morgan,

The Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change (TTM) was created by Prochaska and DiClemente. It is based on “(1) the stages of change, (2) the decisional balance scale, (3) the strong and weak principle, (4) self-efficacy, and (5) the processes of change” (Kelly, 2008, p. 149). A person’s progression through the stages depends on their perception of the advantages of adopting a healthy lifestyle (Kelly, 2008).

Objective 1: AEB a reduction of 75% of Robert’s maladaptive behavior responses relating to conflicts with others by the end of the 3 month treatment period based on his self-reporting Behavior Anger Response Questionnaire (BARQ).

This model is a great way to access the stage of change a person is in for opioid abuse. It analyzes the factors that are keeping them from progressing through the subsequent stages of change and seeks to improve upon the persons self-efficacy in order to help them to ultimately permanently terminate opioid

A specific plan is devised to aid child/adolescent in dealing with anger, and difficulty getting along with others. The support system includes people who are relevant in the child or adolescents life. For example, counselors, therapist, family members, community and clergy who work together in assisting the child or adolescent in re-directing their behavior. In addition, to support services a major focus is keeping the child /adolescent in the home or re-unification with parent or caregiver.

Another model, Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change is a biopsychosocial model that suggests six stages of behavior change. The stages included in this model are pre-contemplation, contemplation, determination/preparation, action, maintenance, and relapse of batterers. This model is usually used to help individuals overcome addictive behaviors. The first stage, pre-contemplation, is the stage in which batterers cannot admit their problem when it comes to violence. Batterers will claim their actions are against their partner was a normal reaction. (Alexander & Morris, 2008; Popescu et al., 2009). In the second stage, contemplation, individuals slowly arrive at the conclusion that they have a problem and reflect the benefits to changing their actions. Determination/preparation is the stage in which individuals determine how they will approach solving the issue or decide on the best course of action. The action stage is when the individuals are heavily involved in the changing process. The final stage of the trans-theoretical model is maintenance, which is when the individual is tries to prevent reverting back to their previous behaviors. Individuals must try to sustain all of the advancements and change they have made to their behaviors throughout the process (Popescu et al.,

People are dying all around due to drug addiction and chemical dependency and unfortunately this is not a new problem. It is an ongoing problem that is escalating with very few results. With nearly one in 10 Americans over the age of 12 classified with substance abuse or dependence, addiction takes an emotional, psychological, and social toll on the country. The economic costs of substance abuse and addiction alone are estimated to exceed a half trillion dollars annually in the United States due to health care expenditures, lost productivity, and crime. “Is addiction a habit or a disease?”(Siegel). The most effective tools target cognitive and motivational processes such as self-determination,

5). Staff members that are identified with anger management problems need to be directed to some form of counseling to identify trigger points and how to redirect anger positively.

Intervention: MHP taught Ty’Kevinyon strategies for anger management skills. MHP used a motivational interviewing approach involving active listening, clarifying questions, and the examination of the consequences toward his acceptance of responsibility and willingness to change anger control problems. MHP taught Ty’Kevinyon efficient communication and assertiveness skills to convey anger in a controlled fashion and to meet his needs through more practical actions. MHP taught Ty’Kevinyon to use progressive relaxation or guided imagery techniques to stimulate a sense of calmness and decrease the intensity of his angry feelings. MHP taught Ty’Kevinyon anger, problem-solving, and communication skills to reduce anger. MHP provided positive reinforcements.

The treatment goal is for the client to learn effective ways to manage her anger. The primary goal is for the client to identify strategies and techniques that will allow her to deal with her anger and to recognize events and cues that can trigger her anger to intensify. Another goal is for the client to analyze family patterns and how her family dealt with anger and other emotions and how past interactions can impact her current thoughts, feelings and behaviors. By identifying strategies and recognizing cues and past patterns the client will be able to focus on managing her anger and using effective techniques in order to reduce her anger.

The contributing factor which makes it so successful is that it provides an explanation into the ‘how’ of behaviour change as opposed to the ‘why’, effectively demonstrating problematic areas which need to be addressed (Adam & White, 2003). This alludes to the source of the problematic behaviour and stimulates thought into how this behaviour can be changed. A main component of the model which makes it so effective is its integral focus on decision-making, important in promoting real change in the individual (Adam & White, 2003). Decision-making is imperative to this model’s success as it allows for intervention strategies that are individually tailored as well as applicable to a wider, diverse population (Nigg et al, 2011). Not all individuals begin at the same stage and hence TTM provides the appropriate mechanisms to support those who aren’t ready for change, those who are committed, and those who experience relapse (Nigg et al, 2011). For example, two individuals may utilise this model to engage in more effective behaviours regarding physical activity. Although they both share a common goal, they may be in different stages of the model – one individual may be in the preparation stage contemplating an exercise regime, while the other may be in the maintenance stage considering methods to maintain change (Nigg et al,

The Transtheoretical Model does not only consist of the stages of change. Self-efficacy, or one’s self confidence in engaging in action, also plays a huge factor in this theory. A person is less likely to engage in a positive health behavior if there self-efficacy is low. Decision balance is the balancing of pros and cons towards the behavior change the person takes into account. In early stages, such as precontemplation and contemplation, cons outweigh the pros, and a behavior change is unlikely. In contrary, the pros outweigh the cons in the later stages. Throughout all stage of the Transtheoretical Model, there are situational temptations, which are external triggers that can cause a person to relapse. These include negative emotions associated with the behavior change such as anger or sadness, and social

According to Prochaska &Velicer (1997) the Trans theoretical model is a process of behavior changes through-six stages of change: pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination. The populations I work with are sexual violent predators, this Thranstheoretical models is implemented on their treatment plan. The first stage is the most difficult in this population, most are in denial. The pre-contemplation stage is unwilling or not unaware of a problem behavior, this stage is often the challenge I face daily with this population. Working with the next change of pre-contemplation is getting ready, now acknowledging there is a problematic behaviors that needs changing. As a doctoral researcher, the TTM is beneficial