Petrobras

Pecom, compañía petrolera de Argentina, desde sus inicios fue ganando terreno en la industria del petróleo avanzando a buen ritmo a través del paso de los años. Desde la obtención de su primera concesión, hasta el inicio de operaciones en diversos países sudamericanos, Pecom se fue consolidando como una empresa fuertemente integrada verticalmente.

The South America has evolved as the one of the most dynamic region of the world so much development taking place. In 2005 Latin American economies managed to grow at average of 5.5% while inflation is in single digit which shows that it has created the economic prerequisites to deal with the aforementioned problems.

     Chevron Texaco, or Texaco Shell, is the leading competitor to ExxonMobil. Texaco is in the same areas of business as Exxon. Their petroleum products and lubricants are sold in the same markets, stores, and in many cases opposite street corners from each other. The two companies are very similar, but Exxon’s recent petroleum deals in the Middle East and Africa have allowed its stock price to jump ahead for the time being (1). In the industry, the two companies mainly compete for the ability to negotiate for new production. The competition is not made at the pump or at the local auto store. It seems that it’s more important to control oil than it is to sell it quickly. Because oil has so much value and power in the world, the industry is made of semi-friendly companies. Surviving and making as much profit as possible, is more important than trying to put people out of business.

(BP) happens to be one of the largest oil and gas companies in the world. There operations include the exploration and production of natural gas and crude oil; to include the refining of crude oil; and the manufacturing of petroleum products.

British Petroleum, BP, began as the Anglo-Persian Oil Company in the beginning of the 1900’s. The founder, William D’Arcy, risked his entire fortune at the hopes that oil would be discovered in Persia. He was success on May 28, 1908. The business struggled in the early years, but ultimately found success. BP has become a global leader in the energy business. Beginning in 2000 and in the years to follow BP has focused not only on oil, but also on oil alternatives such as; solar, wind, natural gas, and biofuels (British Petroleum, 2015).

The United States and the small intern governments of Ecuador can be considered as interested observers. The United States is interested in this because in the last years the countries of Latin America has been doing what the United States asked them to do and they were in some level their servants because of the power and the dependency they had o the big supremacy. The United States won’t be please to realize that a new emerging powerful economy is entering in those places where they had a main power. The small governments in Ecuador are also interested observers; because owing to the fact that Petroecuador is a state-owned company, the profits it gains are suppose to be redistribute to the country in shape of public works.

Brazil, South Americas most influential country has seen major growth in terms of the economy over the last decade. The main commodity from this region is oil and they are currently one of the world’s largest and major energy exporters. Recently finds in the Atlantic Campos Basin have had a staggering impact on the amount of crude exports and have seen a huge rise in their market.

The research paper reviews the situation of the two Brazilian companies Gaucho, S.A (“Gaucho”) and Vaqueiro, S.A. (“Vaqueiro”.) The paper addresses three questions:

In 2016, the Petroperu company has managed to spill over 7,000 barrels in the Peruvian Amazon. Officials say this is “relatively small” “compared to the 650,000 barrels of oil that have fouled parts of the Amazon of Ecuador since the 1960s.” When the fourth spilled happened the oil, company was told to cease all pumping on their Nor Peruano pipeline. The pipeline is 40-years-old and is in a state of despair, the believed cause of the multiple spills in 2016. Two weeks later after another spill was reported, questions begin arising on whether the company followed state orders to stop pumping oil. It indeed indicated that they had in fact been continuing to operate on their faulty pipeline and was fined 3.5 million dollars.

There are very few aspects of how a company behaves as a corporate citizen that do not apply to a company of the size and nature of BP. The most significant of these are the sheer environmental impact - not simply of the extraction of oil and the energy use of BP's own operation, but more significantly of the impact on climate change of the actual use of all the oil by BP's customers. The state of current scientific evidence raises serious question marks over whether or not human society can actually afford to burn all the hydrocarbons whose existence we have already identified - never mind potential future discoveries. Twenty years ago, people worried that one day the oil would run out. Now, it is the case that the real issue has been identified as one of emissions.

The image as well as the operational business reputation of a corporation is critical to the survivability of the corporation in today’s business world. This reputation is even more critical when a business has is known globally with holdings and operations around the world. Such is the case with British Petroleum (BP) as it actively explores for oil in 26 countries around the world. BP is renowned as an industry leader in oil production and the refinement of oil related products such as gasoline, kerosene and motor oil products. In 1999, BP acquired American Oil Company, also

During the 1950’s the current president of Brazil, Juscelino Kubitschek, established a plan to develop an automobile industry. The plan included attracting foreign automaker investors into the Brazilian automobile industry with financial incentives and the use of market restrictions. Volkswagen, Ford, and General Motors embraced the plan and competed to be market leaders in the Brazilian automobile industry. In this case study we will look more closely into why the Brazilians wanted to build an automobile industry. We will examine the strategy that the Brazilian government used to establish their automobile industry. Lastly, we will further examine the power struggle between the Brazilian government and the global automakers and why Volkswagen won in the Brazilian automobile industry.

British petroleum (BP) is one of the seven super major oil company in the world. BP are the fourth largest gas and oil company in the world. BP has a hand in every aspect of the oil business from exploring for new oil to marketing and distribution. BP originally started as the Anglo-Persian Oil Company in 1908, established as a subsidiary of Burmah Oil Company. The Burmah Oil Company. Would capitalize on discoveries they made in Iran and the middle east. The company would take its current name as British a petroleum in 1954. The company slowly started to expand from their roots in the middle east. BP chose to expand to Alaska in 1965. BP would continue their expansion in America when the gain the majority control of Standard Oil of Ohio in 1978. Also during the time BP would continue their ongoing exploration for new sources of oil. They became the first company to strike oil in the North Sea. The British government gradually privatized Standard Oil of Ohio for 1978-1987. In the last half of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century BP took two major steps to expand their company. BP first major expansion occurred when they partnered with Amoco during this time they also acquired and absorbed Burmah Castrol in 2000. Also for 2003 to 2013 BP had a joint partnership with the oil company TNK of Russia. BP tireless effort towards expansion have made them highly successful and one of the top four oil and gas companies in the world. BP turned a profit of 6.48 billon U.S.

Currently, the conventional approach is to aggressively explore and develop new fields. This has led to a growth in drilling deeper wells and looking to ‘off-shore’ sites for new production of ‘light’ crude. However, as recent events in the Gulf of Mexico demonstrate with the British Petroleum incident and the resulting clean-up costs and loss of credibility, this approach has risks. It

Gas and oil development plans are branded by huge capital investments. Exploration and production operations incorporate numerous activities, reaching from undertaking geological surveys, finding hydrocarbon resources, and commercially exploiting them. Projects in this area are of a high risk nature in physical trading, and political sense as it is hard to know in advance the presence, degree and value of hydrocarbon resources, as well as production costs and the price oil of oil in the global world market Kaiser, Mark .J (2007)