Phantoms Lab Report

The mole is a convenient unit for analyzing chemical reactions. Avogadro’s number is equal to the mole. The mass of a mole of any compound or element is the mass in grams that corresponds to the molecular formula, also known as the atomic mass. In this experiment, you will observe the reaction of iron nails with a solution of copper (II) chloride and determine the number of moles involved in the reaction. You will determine the number of moles of copper produced in the reaction of iron and copper (II) chloride, determine the number of moles of iron used up in the reaction of iron and copper (II) chloride, determine the ratio of moles of iron to moles of copper, and determine the number of atoms and formula units involved in

My unknown organism #6 is Morganella morganii, which is a gram-negative bacillus rods commonly found in the environment and also in the intestinal tracts of humans, mammals, and reptiles as a normal flora. (3, 5) This bacterium Morganella morganii, was first discovered in the 1906 by a British bacteriologist named H. de R. Morgan. (2) Despite its wide distribution, it is an uncommon cause of community-acquired infection and is most often encountered inpostoperative and other nosocomial settings. (2, 3) Morganella morganii infections respond well to appropriate antibiotic therapy; however, its

The purpose of this lab was to identify unknown bacteria cultures using various differential tests, and my unknown bacteria is #17. The identification of these unknown cultures was accomplished by separating and differentiating possible bacteria based on specific biochemical characteristics. Whether the tests performed identified specific enzymatic reactions or metabolic pathways, each was used in a way to help recognize those specifics and identify the unknown cultures. The differential tests used to identify the unknown cultures were Gram stain, Catalase, Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA), Blood Agar, Novobiocin, Coagulase, and DNAse (Alachi, 2007).

Ionic compounds are soluble in water to a certain point depending on the compound. The level of solubility changes among different compounds. Some ionic compounds can completely dissolve in water and appear to be a homogeneous mixture. Although, some ionic compounds dissolve very little, and could be considered insoluble, since it does not dissolve fully. Depending on the compound, the level of solubility can be high or low. However, ionic compounds could dissolve to a certain degree. If the solution appears to be a heterogeneous mixture, many may assume through visual representation that it may be insoluble. As stated previously, the smallest amount of solubility should be considered. To confirm whether or not the substance is soluble, observe the efficiency when conducting electricity. Due to practical reasons, the slightest solubility could be considered insoluble by people.

Bacteria are ubiquitous; they can be found on the skin, in the soil, and inside the body. Because of the very nature of this ubiquity, it is important to be able to determine between different strains of bacteria. An example of this is determining the causative agent for a disease so that the patient will be treated with the appropriate antibiotics. It may be important to determine the bacteria in a certain region, because like with enteric bacteria, it is normal to find them in the digestive tract as they are in a symbiotic relationship with our bodies in this area; however, they also cause opportunistic infections in places outside of the digestive tract to our detriment, such as with a urinary tract infection. Some strains of bacteria are common to nosocomial infections, and identifying these bacteria as such helps create the guidelines for healthcare workers in antiseptic technique. All of the morphology and characteristics of each strain of bacteria help us to better understand the role of bacteria in the body as well as helps us understand how they can cause illness, and what treatment regimen to set in place. In lab this semester, a sample of unknown

Make three exposures using given technical factors on a phantom knee in PA position . Include saline bags in exposures 1 and 2 to demonstrate patient soft tissue thickness.

The atom of an element has electrons that are found around the nucleus in regions known as orbitals. When energy is absorbed by the electrons of an atom they begin to jump to higher energy levels. When this happens the electrons are in an excited state. However when the electrons begin to release the energy and drop in energy levels they emit electromagnetic radiation. If the radiation that is emitted falls between 400 to 700 nanometers then the electrons emit photons which we can see as visible light.

The oxidation number of an atom of any free element is ZERO. Means to say there is only one kind of atom present, no charge.

Begining by labeling 7 different 2.0 ml tubes 0 thru 6 for each compound. Then add 1ml of extract to tube 0. Then add 0.5 ml of DMSO to tubes 1 thru 6. Now make a 1:2 serial dilution from 0(pure extract) to 6(1:16)

Triple Sugar Iron Agar test, there was a gas production seen in the media. The media was yellow slant and yellow butt indicating glucose, lactose and/or sucrose fermentation with acid accumulation in slant and butt. For sulfur reduction, it was negative since it did not turn black in color indicating no sulfur was reduced.

Hypothesis: The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the question will different food sources affect the level of activity of detoxification enzymes in bean beetles? The class alternate hypothesis is different food sources will affect the level of activity of the detoxification enzymes in bean beetles. The null hypothesis is the different food sources will not have any effect on the level of activity of the detoxification enzymes in bean beetles. Experimental design: The independent variables in this experiment were the types of beans (bean 1 was mung beans and bean 2 was adzuki beans) and enzymes assays used.

The purpose of this experiment was to classify unknown solids based on their type of chemical bonds by investigating their properties. By using data, Unknown 1 was classified as a metallic. This was because it appeared a shiny copper color, had a very high conductivity as a solid, had a high melting point, and was malleable. Unknown 2 was classified as a nonpolar covalent bond. This was because it had no conductivity as a solid and low conductivity in water.

An unknown was given to our group from the professor. The unknown was in nutrient broth, the group received unknown number 3. And the task was to identify the unknown and try to make an educated guess, and identify the unknown #3.

Aim 1: Implementation of tissue phantoms to quantify and analyze the PA signal of multiple NIR Ca2+ indicators. Various NIR Ca2+ indicators (excitation wavelength) (i.e. CaTM-2 (597 nm), ACnlR (635 nm), CaSiR-1 (650 nm), and Ca-NIR (709 nm)9) will be loaded into two tissue phantoms (one synthesized to mimic soft and cranial-bone tissue, and another to mimic only soft tissue). Their PA signal will be analyzed while exposing them to varying concentrations of Ca2+ (0 nM, 50 nM, 250 nM, 500 nM, 1 µM, and 2 µM), representative of non-potentiated astrocytes (~50-250 nM), and potentiated astrocytes (~1-2 µM). PAI will allow for the analysis of both image resolution (via varying reconstruction protocols), and exact PA signal strength analysis across all Ca2+ concentrations (via ANOVA table). The purpose for this aim, is to test the hypothesis and

Polarimetric imaging is an emerging technique that uses polarized generated light to probe the acceptance of the tissue with the predefined different independent variable states. The potential of Mueller decomposition images to discriminate the Breast tissue to generate scattering intensities images with different optical setup states of seven and four independent variables and with this technique we can characterize the soft matter breast tissue we has selected. We report the potential of Mueller decomposition images to discriminate the Breast tissue to generate expected scattering intensities images with different optical states of different seven and different four independent variables. Polarimetric imaging is an new emerging technique that uses polarized light to probe the acceptance of the tissue with the different predefined independent variable states. A polar decomposition technique reveals the polarization parameters of the soft matter breast tissue effectively. It is observed there is a change in the Mueller matrix that which is used to obtain from the Breast tissue with the states of expected seven and four independent analyzed variables.