Philosopher's Mail By Søren Kierkegaard

Thesis: Betrayal leads to feeling of guilt which forces the person in search of redemption either directly or through indirect actions and gestures.

In reading "Mistakes were Made but Not by me," multiple accounts are given of traits exhibited by humans that are displayed subconsciously. The authors, Carol Tavris and Elliot Aronson, begin by defining these traits and give readers the actual terminology to these characteristics. With various examples being provided to the reading audience they are then able to make a clear correlation between the behaviors displayed and how they may impact not only themselves but others around them. "Mistakes were Made but Not by me" has a theme which is centralized around the two key facets which are cognitive dissonance and self- justification.

In Conclusion, absolving one’s self can be done out of self-interest. It could be just a matter of choice that the awareness of dishonesty and honesty both tie into integrity depending upon individual interpretations. We can agree that

Philosophers have debated for centuries the question “Are humans are selfish or selfless?” There are two main arguments for debating human nature, ethical egoists and ethical altruists. Ethical egoists believe that “even though we can act in others’ interests because we are concerned for others, we ought always to act in our own interest” (Solomon et al 2012 p. 460). Ethical altruists believe quite the opposite; ethical altruism is the belief that “people ought to act with each other’s interests in mind” (Solomon et al 2012 p. 461). In discussing the four theories, psychological egoism, psychological altruism, ethical egoism, and ethical altruism, with my husband, there was not a clear dividing line for whether humans are selfish or selfless in nature. After much debate, we concluded that humans are born ethical egoists; however, ethical altruists are made through proper training, care, and nurture.

There are many causes of self-betrayal in today's society. Accordingly, Self-Betrayal comes from an individual who fails to recognize a fault within themselves, then obtains a sudden realization of said fault which affects the person in a negative manner. Before one can change others, one must change themselves. These causes of self-betrayal are seen in the article Great Betrayals by The New York Times. “Discoveries of such secrets typically bring on tumultuous crises. Ironically, however, in my clinical experience, it is often the person who lied or cheated who has the easier time.” ( Fels. A Great Betrayals). Indeed, it is true that in some circumstances the act of betraying one's self can lead to a positive outcome. With this acknowledgment

It is easy to blame a child’s upbringing when something goes wrong in their teenage and adult life. However, both Wes Moore’s had a similar childhood yet still ended up with different fates. For example, both of them had absent fathers and were raised by a single parent One of them describes their situation perfectly by telling the other. “Your father wasn’t there because he couldn’t be, my father wasn’t there because he chose not to be “ (Moore 3). A situation where the father is absent is commonly blamed for a misguided life but it is later evident that although there was no father, one of the Wes Moore’s was able to thrive in a positive manner. Since there was a lack of fatherhood, both of them lacked role models, specifically ones that would lead to live positive lives. One Wes Moore chose to retaliate by almost stabbing a neighborhood kid because “it was a pride issue”(Moore 32) and

Soren Kierkegaard is a Danish philosopher and theologian who attempted to deliver his existentialist point of views. Specifically, Kierkegaard emphasizes the need for humans to take responsibility for their actions and go beyond their “socially imposed identities” (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy). According to his earliest major work “Either/Or,” he suggests humans are reluctantly stuck between two spheres of life that they must choose between: aesthetic or ethical. He delves into what constitutes a life as either and suggests the practicalities associated with each choice. He stresses the importance of being responsible for the truth and living according to the truth we’ve committed to. In addition, the existential choice can be

At the same time, we have a need for positive self-regard - to develop a sense of trust in the accuracy and reliability of our own inner experienced, it is on this we must depend if we are to become independent from and able to make good decisions about life and how we are to be in it.

For petty issues and difficulties human do not build a defense system. People are incapable of predicting their emotional response, because they are unaware of how their brains work; therefore they choose to be self-deceptive. We humans have the tendency ignore the facts in front of us, because we are afraid of what the facts have in store for us. Gilbert displays examples of how denial can be beneficial to one’s happiness as he states, “The deception was elaborate and effective, but it was perpetrated unconsciously, and in this Osten was not unique (Gilbert

Betrayal The act of Betrayal goes back all the way to the beginning of the world in some religions. Eve ate the fruit that God told her not too. Ever since that moment betrayal has been in this world ever since. It has happened every day since humans were around and is present everywhere, for example, literature.

Betrayal: the disloyal action that results in the ultimate feeling of hurt. For there to be betrayal, there must be trust; the breaking of trust is the ultimate way of betrayal. It spurs upon the influence of others and is provoked by the ambitious mind. To fulfill one's desires, betrayal is an action that is easy to perform. This concept is exhibited in William Shakespeare's play, Macbeth, as the implications of betrayal lead the main character, Macbeth, to his downfall. With the influence of the three evil witches, Macbeth is easily convinced about his auspicious future, causing him to overconfident himself and commit a betrayal that eventually results in one that he experiences. The ripple effect of the occurrence of betrayal

While reading this I started to really reflect on my life, and how A.Ka Tat Tsang emphasizes how people often want things that other people want them to want. This article made me realize the importance of self-awareness and how motivations and emotions sometime impact actions such as telling the truth or not.

Here, Alex explains that goodness and badness in a human being is a natural trait and every human being needs free will to act according to their inborn trait. Nevertheless, such unbiased perception of free will becomes a problem when it is associated within the larger human society. Alex’s behaviour is a clear violation of the “harm principle” described by John Stuart Mill, which means that humans can engage in any action that does not harm anyone.

Shame is the path to maturity and integrity, However, if those same needs are realized in a context of powerlessness, abandonment, abuse, and fear, Therefore, it can be led to discount ourselves and become emotionally distant from people. We may then exhibit symptoms mentioned above as we cover how we feel about ourselves, hoping that nobody notices the truth. What created is a phony self. We lie to ourselves, because of the person, we show to people. We avoid our needs, Our neediness is wrong and something that only seems to hurt us.

Kierkegaard felt that subjective reflection was more crucial to the individual life than objective reflection because it focused on passion and human existence instead of logic and impersonal truth. The objective world is the world of facts and truth independent of the perceptions of humans. Objective reflection focuses on what actually is, in the objective world. Objective reflection centers on the things and ideas in the world that can give meaning to life. The subjective world is the world of human thoughts, feelings, and perceptions. It focuses on the relationship between people and their thoughts, feelings, and perceptions in respect to their lives. It centers on how meaning in life is viewed subjectively, or how