Phonological Differences Between Arabic And English

Reading is an acquired skill, developed through explicit teaching and founded upon a child’s innate ability to hear and process sounds from birth. Beginning at birth exposure to oral language, gestures and the functions of communication (Fellows & Oakley, 2010 p.165) allows exploration of sounds and words and their connection to each other, and introduces cue systems that will later assist in decoding complex text as development of reading ability occurs. Cue systems including linguistic rules of speech, such as grammatical, pragmatic, semantic and syntactic structures (McDevitt & Ormrod, 2004, p. 324), provide readers with strategies and knowledge for comprehension and phonological awareness (Gascoigne, 2005, p. 1). Rich language exchanges

While growing up, the language spoken in my home was Punjabi, and this was spoken by my whole family, including my parents and grandparents. My parents are from Jalandhar, India and my grandparents are originally from East Pakistan, therefore our dialect of Punjabi is Doabi, which is spoken slightly differently than other dialects. Dialects are variations in language, where speakers can still understand each other. On the other hand, two different languages would be unintelligible. Punjabi is a diverse language, which has various dialects, depending on the city in Punjab one has originated from. I was born in India and lived there for a while until my family moved to Vancouver, when I was two years old.

The article’s purpose was to provide normative data for phonological development of British-English speaking children. The article focused on two aspects of speech development: the age of acquisition of sounds such a phonetic acquisition and the age in which error patterns stopped. In addition, this article discussed the effects that age, socioeconomic status and gender may have on speech sound development. The authors hypothesized that girls would display higher levels of phonological accuracy as compared to boys and that children from higher socio-economic families would have higher levels of phonological skills than children from low socio-economic families. It was also hypothesized that phonological skills should develop with age, that

Linguistic discrimination is an important issue; many have been discriminated and excluded from the public sphere due to their disability to practice the standardized language. In the Arab world, when second language speakers try to talk Arabic, they seem to have difficulties with the pronunciations. Consequently, this leads to limitations during the blending in procedures. The explanation

Theories of language learning can further be broken into theories for speech-sound errors and treatment for these disorders. One of these theories is sensory-perceptual theory with sound production training. This relates to errors due caused by a breakdown in sensory and motor systems of individual sound units (Peña-Brooks & Hedge, 2015). In contrast, the phonological theory suggests errors unrelated to motor skill but, instead, to misrepresentations of phonological rules (MacReynolds, 1987). While neither approach has proven to be most effective in the generalization of correct productions of speech sounds, this paper will be using the sensory-perceptual theory of language acquisition.

I will determine whether [æ] and [eʌ] appear to be allophonic or contrastive by examining those target sounds in “Dataset B” and “Dataset A”. Both sounds are present in the datasets but they are never seen together in the same word. The environments of the sounds are determined in (i) and organized by sound to see if there are any patterns that arise.

One of the main factors that affects our understanding of the language is one’s regional accent. Although most words and phrases will be comprehensible some phonetics may have changed so much that all we can do is hope that the context of what has been said makes sense in order for us to ‘fill in the gaps’.

1. ELL students need to be familiar with the sounds of English before they can develop phonological awareness. 2. Instruction needs to be explicit, modifications made, and practice needs to be given when needed. 3. Once phonological awareness has developed in any language, then it can be transferred to other languages that are learned.  4. Teachers should frequently model the production of sounds. 5. Beginning readers should get help to learn to identify sounds in short words.

She uttered a guttural sound as she attempted to weave the syllables together, stopping frequently to match the letter with the appropriate sound. She struggled through the lines, the rhythm and beauty lost in her voice. For thirty minutes, Fatima labored over the page, her head bent over in frustration ignoring her sister’s plea to play. As the time for her break approached, she vehemently protested, choosing instead to clamber into my arms, begging me to translate what she had just read. At her young age, she had fallen in love with the Arabic language. She loved the feeling of serenity that caressed her at hearing its recitation, but even more, she loved reciting it; she loved how it took her entire mouth to say a single word and the rhythm of the stressed and unstressed syllables. However, after months of practicing, she remained a far cry from the harmonious voice she aspired to attain.

Farrah has able to identify 186/220, or 85%, of basic sight words and 103/143, or 72%, of basic sight word phrases. Continually, Farrah attended to initial consonants making visually similar miscues, such as “one” for “on,” “gave” for “give,” and “these” for “those.” In addition, Farrah consistently substituted short vowel sounds for long vowel sounds, such as “cam” for “came,” “want” for “wait,” and “bring” for “bright.” . Farrah made similar miscues during the basic sight word phrase assessment, such as “can” for “came,” “use” for “us” and “cute” for “cut.” Both the reliance on initial consonants and the inconsistency of middle vowel sounds suggest that Farrah is unfamiliar with long vowel patterns

Before we identify a few biases associated with the Middle Eastern population, we must first familiarize ourselves with several characteristics of their culture and linguistics.

Phonology – use of sounds and how sounds are organized and used in natural languages.

The first, A list of 10 monosyllabic words which are phonologically similar but not semantically related (A list) was adapted from (LS) “white, height, night, light tight, write, might, quiet, bite, fight” (p 30). The second list comprised of 10 words which are semantically related (B list), similar in length, word class and frequency with the phonologically related words, dear, sugar, savory, sweet, tasty, flavor, honey, dessert, candy, treat . The level of frequency of the words were determined with the use of corpus (COCA and BNC). There are slight variations in the level of frequency of the B list words. Nevertheless, The lists were presented orally and

I used to think that all people and countries speak Arabic language because I born in Arabic country “Yemen”. I didn’t know anyone that speaks different language or even speak different accents of Arabic. The school that I went to they didn’t teach English language. The education in Yemen is not very good like in the United States or as in the other Arab countries. For that reason, I face a lot of obstacles when I came to the United States with both the Arabic accents and the English language. Believe me a lot of things that happened to me that you will never imagine it, so here where my story begins.

Every language constitutes its own sound system, and this sound system is a very important aspect when learning or studying a language. Along with this sound system are the prosodic features of a language. This study is about the phonological system and the prosodic features of