Photolithography Essay

[3] Song, K., Kuzmany, H., Wallraff, G. M., Miller, R. D., & Rabolt, J. F. (1990). Spectroscopic characterization of piezochromism in poly (alkylsilanes): poly (di-n-hexylsilane). Macromolecules, 23(16), 3870-3872.

I do believe that the advent of digital reproduction has changed the art of printmaking. According to the book, “Exploring Art: A Global, Thematic Approach,” by Margaret Lazzari and Dona Schlesier states that printmaking is the method of creating a variety of images and designs and then printing them onto paper. As technology has advanced over the years, so has the process and creation of art. For instance, artists are now able to make sculptures from computer-aided programs and print them into three-dimensional forms (Lazzari and Schlesier 79). I personally think that this three-dimensional printer takes away the artists touch. Yes, it is their creation and it will still become a beautiful piece of artwork, but it’s missing the physical touch from the artist themselves.

Its One thing to 3D print something as advanced and cutting edge as a Jet engine motor, but it is another to fuel it up, take it to the runway and push the start button. This is the stride GE aviation achieved when it fired up the motor of a simple Jet engine, made completely of in-house designed and 3D printed parts, at a test stand normally reserved for commercial jet engines.

Whenever a monolayer is attached to a metal surface, the wetting properties and behavior can be significantly affected (Yuan & Lee, 15). In practice, densely-packed self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) can be used to modify the macroscopic properties of a solid surface (Dilimon et al. 202). Changes in wetting properties occur due to changes in the angle made by a liquid droplet whenever it is in contact with the surface. This phenomenon is significant in several contexts for example, in industrial contexts: this property is used to evaluate the cleanliness of semiconductor wafers. In such contexts, contact angles measurements are widely used. Control of this property is also useful during penetration of insecticides or pesticides into plants, and waterproofing of materials (Yuan & Lee, 25). While the former focuses on maximization of wetting, the latter case seeks to minimize liquid-induced wetting (Yuan & Lee, 28).

The use of nano-materials and extreme precision micro-engineering has the potential for great improvement in the world of electronics and information technology by providing smaller, faster, and more powerful computers and this has been at the forefront of the nanotechnology commercialization . Great examples of how nanotechnology is currently being used in these fields are products such as processors, data storage, and memory components made with nano-materials, TVs, monitors and even smartphone screens that use organic light-emitting diodes (OLED), and waterproof electronics such as smartphones due to the application of nano-coatings

Video 1: In the video Pressure + Ink: Lithography Process, the artist had to go through some very specific procedures before he could transfer the print to another paper surface. Since Lithography revolves around the fact that water and grease do not mix together, someone had to first draw a picture on a water/grease absorbing lithographic stone using a greasy drawing media like litho-pencils or crayons to create the grease printing image areas. Afterwards, the artist had to treat the stones through an etching process by first rubbing gum arabic onto the lithium rock surface to designate the areas where the water will be absorbed (or the non-image area) and then lithotine (a greasy solvent that helps create the greasy base for the ink on the

     Also according to our book in Art History, “Etching process, a metal plate is coated on both sides with an acid-resistant varnish... then the artist draws through the varnish with a sharp needle to expose the metal” (Stokstad pg. 772). In this process the artist can easily control the amount

The subject of this artwork by Rose Jaffe is a professor of ceramics at the University of Michigan. The theme explored is a professor drawn, using monoprint from a sort of bird’s eye view. This artwork is relevant to Rose Jaffe as some of the work she does is monoprinting of portraits. To work with our theme of text in art we are using monoprinting to draw out our designs with text and repetition– so this artwork is relevant to me as well. The fact that the actual drawing is quite small on the page and that Rose uses different mark making appeals to me visually. The relationship between the visual elements communicate the use of monoprinting to make aesthetically pleasing work. As this work is simplistic and their isn’t a busy composition,

plate which then she will etch with water to create the image, rather than the traditional acid – a

They fabricated the fish from a hydrogel polymer using a precise 3D printing technology developed in their lab. The microfish were functionalized by loading the tail region of the fish with platinum nanoparticles and the head region with iron oxide nanoparticles. When fish are dunked in hydrogen peroxide, a chemical reaction between the peroxide and the platinum powers their propulsion. The iron oxide nanoparticles are subject to magnetic control. Therefore, these fish can be navigated using a magnet.

First, styrene is made by combining ethylene and benzene. Next, the styrene is subjected to suspension polymerization and treated with a polymerization initiator, which together convert it into polystyrene. Once a polymer chain of the desired length has formed, technicians stop the reaction with terminating agents. The resulting polystyrene beads are then cleaned, and anomalous beads filtered out. To make small-cell EPF, workers then melt, add a blowing agent to, and extrude the beads. To produce smooth-skinned EPF, they pre-expand the beads, dramatically reducing their density. Next they heat and expand them before allowing them to sit for 24 hours so that they can cool and harden. The beads are then fed into a mold of the desired shape.

Why go to stores and spend lots of money buying toys, jewelry, cups and many other plastic utilities when you can only press one button and print them out for yourself. This futuristic idea is not only innovating the scientific and technological world, but it is also innovating modern day households. The possibilities of 3D printing are extremely captivating, making this one of the most exciting innovations in recent times. 3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, makes three-dimensional solid objects from a digital model or command. To picture how this process works, 3D printers use an additive process, where adding layers of a successive material creates an object. Traditional machines, however, uses a subtractive process by

However as the authors stressed, probably more significant than the change in how images are produced, distributed and used, are the ideas to which the changes are giving rise and how digital imaging is challenging and changing traditional ways of seeing and thinking. It seems that our traditional belief that ‘the camera never lies’ has been brought into question. It also appears important to consider who

The concept of inkjet printing originated in the 20th century, and the technology was first extensively developed in the early 1950s. Starting in the late 1970s inkjet printers that could reproduce digital images generated by computers were developed, mainly by Epson, Hewlett-Packard (HP), and Canon. Although inkjet printers only appeared on the consumer market in the late 1980s, they had been under development for more than twenty years by that time. In the mid-1970s, printer companies realized the potential of the technology that would make dot matrix printers obsolete. The challenge, however, was to come up with a way to create an affordable inkjet printer that would reliably create high-quality print outs .In the worldwide consumer market, four manufacturers account for the majority of inkjet printer sales: Canon, HP, Epson, and Lexmark, a 1991 spin-off from IBM.[1]( "IBM Archives: 1990s". 03.ibm.com. Retrieved 2012-09-12.)

Rapid prototyping approaches [28, 29] (e.g., stereolithography, electrospinning, and 3D fiber deposition modeling) have garnered attention for fabricating materials for tissue engineering and other biomedical applications. However, those techniques have lower resolution and are not effectively used to mimic features of the architecture of the natural cells and/or tissues. Recently, 2PP has been employed to create the 3D materials because it can generate the structures with feature sizes in the range of sub-100 nm to hundreds of microns [30]. In addition, it is also a simple direct laser writing technique that the users can easily fabricate 3D structures from CAD files, which can include