Photosynthesis Lab Report

Light intensity is a key component in photosynthesis, amongst carbon dioxide and water to sustain a suitable rate of photosynthesis. Chlorophyll absorbs the light, causing photoexcitation and the formation of NADPH and ATP with production of O2 as a by-product. The Calvin Cycle takes the NADPH and ATP to reduce CO2 into sugars (CH2O), and return NADP+ and ADP + Pi to the light reactions. The process will then repeat. (Reece, et al, 2015)

Abstract: The purpose of this lab is to separate and identify pigments and other molecules within plant cells by a process called chromatography. We will also be measuring the rate of photosynthesis in isolated chloroplasts. Beta carotene, the most abundant carotene in plants, is carried along near the solvent front because it is very soluble in the solvent being used and because it forms no hydrogen bonds with cellulose. Xanthophyll is found further from the solvent font because it is less soluble in the solvent and has been slowed down by hydrogen bonding to the cellulose. Chlorophylls contain oxygen and nitrogen and are bound more tightly to the paper than the other pigments.

We measured the rate of photosynthesis in this lab. By exposing spinach leaves to light, we were triggering photosynthesis to start. Photons from the light excite electrons in the accessory pigments in the leaves which then causes them to eventually transfer their energy to the chlorophyll a molecule in the reaction center which causes an electron to jump to a primary electron acceptor, thus moving the energy along. When this electron jumps, the photolysis of water occurs in order fill the electron hole in the chlorophyll a molecules. H2O splits into electrons, H+ ions, and oxygen.

Does carbon concentration affect the rate of photosynthesis? The carbon concentration does affect the rate of photosynthesis.

The purpose of this lab is to observe the effect of white, green, and dark light on a photosynthetic plant using a volumeter and followed by the calculation of the net oxygen production using different wavelengths color of white and green light, and also the calculation of oxygen consumption under a dark environment, and finally the calculation of the gross oxygen production.

Studying the Effects of Different Compounds and Light on Stomata of Tradescantia zebrina Shaw, B., Whittier College, California 90608 Abstract: The main purpose of this experiment is to study the changes that occurred in the stomata of T. zebrina when the leaves of this plant are subjected to changes in their environment. The leaves were placed in beakers containing different solutions of KCl, hydrogen peroxide and ascorbic acid and were also placed in conditions that were either light or dark. The final results showed that for opening of stomata to occur in presence of KCl, light is a necessity and KCl itself helps in the opening of the stomata.

For lab 12, it is hypothesized that chlorophylls a and b are present in a plant leaf and contribute to the starch production in photosynthesis. Also, products of photosynthesis will be present in leaf tissue exposed to red and blue light wavelengths for several days, but a decreased presence in leaf tissue exposed to green and black light wavelengths. In lab 13, it is expected that since chlorophylls a and b are more polar and smaller molecules than the anthyocyanins and carotenoids, they will travel higher up the chromatography paper than the other pigments.

Xylose was used to produce cephalosporin C (CPC) by Acremonium (A.) chrysogenum because of its effect on biosynthesis. When A. chrysogenum cultures were performed containing 6% of xylose as a main carbon source, NADPH concentration was found to be 0.061 mol/Lg cell at 96 h and was maintained at ∼0.06 mol/Lg cell for 72 h. Moreover, the cystathionine-γ-lyase level was maintained at ∼0.207 U/g cell by 144 h. The cell growth and CPC production at 6% xylose were 71.23 g/L and 8.29 g/L, respectively, at 96 h. The gene expression for CPC synthesis and efflux was confirmed. The effect of xylose on CPC was integrated with glycerol culture for CPC production. The culture of mixed carbon source using both glycerol and xylose showed the synergistic effect, maximizing their advantages.

There are also two big reactions that happen in photosynthesis, light-independent, and light-dependent. Light-dependent occurs in the Granum while the light-independent occurs in the

The practical was carried out to investigate the effect of pH on the reaction of the enzyme acid phosphatase.

Title: In this experiment, the team examines how four variables of light: Natural(no color), blue, red, yellow and green, will affect on the rate of photosynthesis of Elodea densa. Abstract: The purpose of the report is to compare the effect of different wavelengths of light on photosynthesis rate of the Elodea densa, to justify the hypothesis that high-energy wavelengths will give the peak influence on producing O2.

The system that converts light energy to chemical energy is through the function thylakoid system. The fluid that is inside the membrane envelope and the outside of the thylakoid is called the stroma. The chloroplast has mainly two steps in the process of photosynthesis in plant cells. The first one is energy transferring known as the light dependent or light reactions. the second step is carbon fixation reactions known as the dark reactions.

Background: Photosynthesis fuels ecosystems and replenishes the Earth’s atmosphere with oxygen. All enzyme-driven reactions, the rate of photosynthesis can be measured by either the disappearance of substrate, or the accumulation of products. The leaf is composed of layers of cells. Mesophyll layer is normally infused with gases, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. The disks cut from leaves will normally float in water because of the gases. If the leaf disk are placed in a solution with an alternate source of carbon dioxide in the form of bicarbonate ions, then the spaces of mesophyll and the leaf becomes buoyant and floats. Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged through opening in the leaf called stoma. The buoyancy of the leaf disk is the an indirect

Photosynthesis is a two stage process by which plants, as well as some protists and bacteria, reduce carbon dioxide and oxidize water to convert sunlight into chemical energy, producing oxygen as a byproduct. For photosynthesis to be properly carried out by an organism, it must find itself in the proper environmental conditions with careful consideration of the pH. Research has proven that the optimal pH for the many algae organisms is between 7.0 to 10.0 (Coleman & Colman, 1981). As a strong base, NaOH is often used to adjust the pH in order to reach the optimal value based on the amount of free CO2 (Pedersen et. al. 2013).

Photosynthesis is a vital process that autotrophs use to transfer light energy into chemical energy. Photosynthesis ultimately produces O2 and glucose. It, like many other biological processes, can be affected by environmental variables. The variable that we altered in the following experiment are intensity, light wavelengths, and pigment types. In order to do this, we conducted three experiments. In the first experiment, we examined the effect of light intensity by placing vials with chloroplasts with DPIP at different light distances in which the results varied. Initially, 30cm away was the most effective for photosynthesis. Then 24cm appeared to be the most effective. Followed by 49cm at minutes 25 and 30. In the second experiment, we