Photosynthesis Lab Report

2. We measured 1 mL of turnip peroxidase (the enzyme) and 3 mL of neutral buffer (pH corresponding to the test tube number i.e. pH 5 in test tube 5) with a syringe and disposed it into tubes 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 10

Abstract: The purpose of this lab is to separate and identify pigments and other molecules within plant cells by a process called chromatography. We will also be measuring the rate of photosynthesis in isolated chloroplasts. Beta carotene, the most abundant carotene in plants, is carried along near the solvent front because it is very soluble in the solvent being used and because it forms no hydrogen bonds with cellulose. Xanthophyll is found further from the solvent font because it is less soluble in the solvent and has been slowed down by hydrogen bonding to the cellulose. Chlorophylls contain oxygen and nitrogen and are bound more tightly to the paper than the other pigments.

Turnips and horse radish roots are rich source of this enzyme. In this experiment, we would carry out a reaction between hydrogen peroxide and guaiacol which is colorless dye, using peroxidase as a catalyst, to produce water and an oxidized form of guaiacol which is brown. The formation of brown color would serve as an indicator that the breakdown of Hydrogen Peroxide took place. The enzyme activity would be directly proportional to the brown color intensity. The color intensity would be measured using a spectrophotometer and standardized to find the corresponding concentration for each absorbance unit.

Not only was an enzyme reaction watched, but the light and the spectrophotometers were introduced as well. The reaction visibly occurred because the solution changed from clear to an orange color. Error Analysis: One reason that the results of the inquiry could have been altered is the fact that the enzyme peroxidase came from the potato itself, not the root. But the peroxidase came directly from the turnip root in the baseline activity.

Photosynthesis and the effects of light: In order to get the ideal conditions for photosynthesis, you need to set the temperature to 25 degrees Celsius, then set the light intensity to 100%, after that, set the CO2 level to 1000 ppm, and lastly, set the light intensity to 450 nm. My hypothesis is that if the light wavelength color is darker instead of bright, then the oxygen production will be very high, because longer wavelengths tend to have less energy than shorter ones, and long wavelengths are more red, yellow, and green, while shorter ones are more purple and dark blue. This observation is important, because if plants received bad wavelengths, then the oxygen production of plants could be very low, or not exist at all. I got the idea for my hypothesis based on the information I received from the author, M.J. Farabee. In the article he wrote, he described how the length of the light wavelength affects how much energy is in the wavelength.

1. Sodium ions moves along its concentration gradients. There are fewer sodium ions inside of the cell, so the sodium will move from high concentration to low concentration. This results in sodium moving inside of the cell instead of outside (Marieb and Hoehn 398). 2.

Hypothesis- If you use peroxidase, isoenzymes in different roots and shoots of corn then, the results would not be different.

For this experiment, 5 beakers were taken and each filled with different compounds and placed either in the light or dark to create different environmental conditions in which the stomata were observed.. The first beaker contained 100 mM of KCl, the second beaker was filled with 100 mM KCl, the third beaker had only 1 mM H2O2, the fourth beaker consisted of 100mM KCl with 1 mM H2O2 and the last beaker had 100mM KCl with 1 mM H2O2 and 10 mM of ascorbic acid. Once these solutions were placed in the beakers, they were labeled appropriately. A leaf from T. zibrena was then obtained and cut up into 5 pieces of similar size. Each of these pieces was then placed into a separate beaker that had been prepared, ensuring that the lower side of the leaf was completely submerged in the compound.

Yes they are as shown in the table and picture above root’s isoenzyme were negatively charged and shoot didn't have any isoenzymes that showed up. My hypothesis was correct in a way, i predicted that shoot and root would have different charges then each other but shoot didn’t show so there is no isoenzyme or charge. The expected migration pattern for Cytochrome C was for it to go the negative electrode with it being a positive charge and it migrated as expected. For hemoglobin/albumin the expected migration pattern moving toward the positive electrode with them having a negative charge and as well it migrated as expected. The expected migration pattern for HRP-basis is for it to go the negative electrode with it being a positive charge and it migrated as expected.

First, we collected the materials that were needed: 3 beakers, 2 clips, glucose test strips, cooked starch, amylase, and iodine. Then we put 4 pipettes of cooked starch in the small beaker. We then mixed the starch wit h4 pipettes of amylase. The starch will be the leaf; the amylase will be the digestive enzyme. The small beaker represents the head and crop. We then put 4 pipettes of the “macerated” solution from the crop to the soaked dialysis tubing. We filled the large beaker two-thirds full of water and put 4 drops of Lugol’s to the beaker. We then put the dialysis tubing into the large beaker. We recorded data

In the experiment, an E. coli culture expressing recombinant protein thioredoxin (BsTRX) was harvested and extracted using a freeze-thaw technique. This process involved the rapid cooling to freezing temperatures by liquid nitrogen. Exposure to freezing temperatures causes the formation of ice crystals and osmotic stress within in the cell. The combination of these two properties causes damages the plasma membrane and increases membrane permeability. As water is removed from the solution via the formation of ice, the concentration of the unfrozen fraction solutes increases, creating an osmotic gradient that drives the efflux of water from cell.

photosynthesis happens in two stages: light reaction and carbon fixation also known as calvin cycle.light reaction TAKES PLACE IN THYLAKOID USE light energy to produces atp and nadph whereas, calvin cycle takes place instroma uses energy derived from light dependent reaction to make GA3P from CO2 ( Bio166 lab execise manual, 2015). the purpose of this experiment was to separate plant

The experiment demonstrates that when the Hill reaction is disrupted, photosynthetic activity can be drastically affected. If one was attempting to kill weeds using the light reaction, they can target the denaturation of chloroplast that will then directly lead to the weeds inability to absorb light to complete photosynthesis. One could also use a chemical that dehydrates the plant, thus disallowing any electrons to be donated into the system. With no electrons flowing in the system, there is no reduction of an electron acceptor, meaning no glucose for the weed. Also, chemical herbicides can be used effectively to study an individual photosystem.

Discussion: The results shown from the four tubes provided a limited understanding of photosynthesis and cellular respiration that occur in plants during day and night. Phenol red acted as the main indicator for this experiment, when it was added to a tube of pond water it turned the water into a yellow colour and had a PH of 6. Looking at the colour of the indicator showed that the solution was acidic. Then carbon dioxide was blown into the solution, to act as plants respiring, showing that the colour of the water had changed to almost orange colour with a PH of 5.

For lab 12, it is hypothesized that chlorophylls a and b are present in a plant leaf and contribute to the starch production in photosynthesis. Also, products of photosynthesis will be present in leaf tissue exposed to red and blue light wavelengths for several days, but a decreased presence in leaf tissue exposed to green and black light wavelengths. In lab 13, it is expected that since chlorophylls a and b are more polar and smaller molecules than the anthyocyanins and carotenoids, they will travel higher up the chromatography paper than the other pigments.