Phs 113 Mid Term

The release or agitation of the water would release the co2 causing the water to rise and evaporate.

Clouds to form in the atmosphere have to have water vapor present. This water vapor makes up a cloud. The water vapor in the atmosphere comes from evaporation or deposition. Also the temperature of the air is below the dew point. When the water is fully saturated, it starts to rise and the expansional cooling process begins. During the process of condensation, the aerosol particles act like a nuclei in the atmosphere, which began to grow, creating ice crystals that are big enough to produce a cloud.

The energy absorbed by the Earth’s surface affects the temperature by increasing; this is known as thermal energy, the energy present in the motion of particles at a particular temperature. After the energy is absorbed the Earth then emits mostly lower-energy infrared radiation back out.

Evaporation (transpiration) Heat from the sun warms water from rivers, lakes, and the ocean to turn into vapor or steam; leaving the reservoir and moving upwards into the atmosphere. (Plants transpire, or lose water from their leaves).

The greenhouse effect is how the Earth naturally warms up. During the greenhouse effect, the sun radiates it heat into our atmosphere. From there, most of the heat gets trapped in the Earth’s surface, which is later released back into our atmosphere. At the lower atmosphere, water vapor and carbon dioxide are the gases that absorb most

Instructions: This exam consist of 25 multiple choice questions and covers the material in chapters 4 through 6.

The hypothesis was, if you decrease the atmospheric pressure inside the bottle, then it will form a more sizable cloud, because the pressure inside the parcel will be slightly higher than the outside pressure and when the pressure is quickly released, the molecules will condense the liquid and cool it. The hypothesis was supported in this experiment because the lower pressurized bottle, the independent variable, filled more rectangles or cubelets than the high pressurized one. The group with the lower pressure had an average of filling 87.3 rectangles or cubelets with the highest being 89 and the lowest being 86. However, the group with the higher pressure had an average of 83 rectangles or cubelets with the highest being 85 and the lowest being 81. The theory behind these results were that water vapor gets into air mainly by evaporation. Some of the liquid water from the ocean, lakes, and rivers turns into water vapor and travels in the air. Some clouds form as air warms up near the surface and rises. Eventually, enough moisture will condense out of the air to form a cloud. “That warmed air starts to rise because, when warm, it is lighter and less dense in the air around it. It is easier for water vapor to condense into water droplets when it has a particle to condense upon. Eventually, enough water vapor condenses upon pieces of dust, pollen or other condensation nuclei to form a cloud.” The vapor becomes small water droplets or ice crystals and a cloud forms. (UCAR) This information could be applied to other fields of studies such as nephology, which is the study of clouds, and air pollution. Prior to the industrial revolution, it is believed that there were fewer clouds but it is still unclear how much an increase in clouds may affect the earth’s temperature. Clouds both reflect rays from the sun for a cooling effect and trap heat to create a

Our planet is freezing, record low temps,and our GW scientists are stuck in ice.” Despite the fact that the global temperature continues to rise and that,“sixteen of the 17 warmest years on record have occurred since 2001,” climate change non-believers continue to point to snowfall as proof that the Earth isn’t warming (NASA). While sometimes confused, “weather” and “climate,” are not synonymous and refer to events with broadly different spatial scales and timescales. “Weather is what conditions of the atmosphere are over a short period of time, and climate is how the atmosphere ‘behaves’ over relatively long periods of time,” according to NASA. Weather, in other words, is what Earth’s atmosphere is doing, “mainly with respect to its effects upon life and human

Condensation is usually found on your metal pipes, water heaters and concrete walls. Leaving the water droplets encourages

As solar energy from the sun heats up water molecules, the water starts to evaporate and turns into water vapor in the atmosphere. Water vapor then turns into clouds (Condensation) at almost 20,000 feet (6,000 meters)! As the cloud keeps getting heavier and heavier from the vapor, it lets it all out. This is when precipitation happens, when water droplets become too heavy they fall to the ground, it could also transmit into a aquifer. If it is cold enough in the atmosphere it could possibly snow. Then the water will either run off the mountains, hills, valleys, etc… or it will percolate into the ground.

It is said that the Earth’s climate has been changing for the past century (State Government of Victoria, 2014). There is new found, stronger evidence that there have been increases in the average temperature across the globe and that the believed to be main cause of this change is due to human activities (University Corperation for Atmospheric Research, 2013). Greenhouse gases are what are most commonly referred to in conversation on climate change. Although greenhouse gases are generally referred to on the negative side, they are also essential to life (Mapstone, 2011). The greenhouse gases which consist of carbon dioxide, water vapor and methane retain heat in the earth’s atmosphere, gently warming our planet to sustain life, just as a greenhouse would in a cold climate, which is evidently where it receives its name. The sun warms the surface of the earth, which then radiates energy back towards space through the atmosphere. The greenhouse gases then absorb some of the radiation and radiate heat in different directions, including towards earth. This is now adding to the heat the surface of the earth is already receiving from the sun. Without the aid of this greenhouse affect it is said that the surface of the earth

The greenhouse effect is one of the important issues to make global warming become worse. The greenhouse effect is the process by which radiation from a planet 's atmosphere warms the planet 's surface to a temperature above what it would be in the absence of its atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is the largest number of

Sun and light rain can also produce thin surface crusts, which make it difficult for new snow to bond securely. Rain weakens the bonds in the snow and increases its mass. But when rain freezes, it can strengthen and bind the snow. Hoarfrost's, which are flat frozen crystals, can also form on the surface of the snow in extremely cold weather, creating a slippery layer when covered by new snow (Baugher).

They are known as rime and clear ice, and a mixture of the two is not uncommon. For rime ice to form, an aircraft needs to fly through an area of tiny super-cooled liquid drops. This super-cooled liquid is actually suspended in the cloud cover at temperatures already below freezing. Once the aircraft surface plows through this moisture, the drops are disrupted immediately adhere to and freeze before spreading out over the entire surface. This forms a rough and cloudy-white layer of ice known as rime. Even though the rime surface is rough and creates an airflow disturbance, it is lighter and easier to remove by deicing equipment than clear ice. For clear ice to form, larger sized super-cooled drops would need to be encountered. These larger droplets spread out over the surface and airfoils before freezing. This allows for the build-up of a clear, hard and slick layer of ice on the surface (Ahrens, 2009).

After cooling air to the required temperature it has to be dried to remove traces of moisture present in it. For this purpose air is passed through a cylinder filled with silica gel. The silica-gel brings the dew point of the water in the air down to stay -40 degrees Celsius. This means that the air is dry as if the air was cooled down to -40 degrees Celsius. In practice two cylinders with silica-gel are used; one for