Physical Activity

Types and contexts of activities are variable and change with age during childhood and adolescence. Activities of children aged 6 to 9 years are largely anaerobic (as in non-sustained activities or games such as ‘‘tag’’), and they help the child learn basic and more specialized motor skills. As youth move into the pubertal transition (about age 10-14 years, earlier in girls than in boys), these skills are incorporated into a variety of individual and group activities and many organized sports. Mature structure and function are approached or attained in late adolescence (age 15-18 years), so that physical activity programs can be more structured.

Whilst playing the children will begin to learn skills such as balance and coordination, throwing, catching, running skipping and jumping however none of these skills can be learnt if the child does not learn the movement skills. They need to learn hand-eye coordination this is when the brain will learn to make the hands and eyes work together resulting in the children being able to play catch, foot-eye coordination this starts when babies begin to learn to walk up the stairs but can then be extended when the child learns to kick a ball, balance this is learnt over time depending on the age of the child, when the child begins to learn these skills through physical activity their central nervous system will also begin to develop which will in turn help their muscles, glands and organs. This is applied into my practice by taking the children in to thee garden. When in the garden I make obstacle courses for the children with crates that range it heights and sizes, tyres and the slide. It can very day to day to teach the children different things. But by using the different height crates it allows the children to learn to balance by themselves, the slide allows the children to climb. We also have balls that the children play with but depending on the age of the child would depend on how it is used. If the child is 18 months or younger then I would

|Physical |At 24months children can now run safely avoiding obstacles and are very mobile, this has developed from the unsteady first tentative steps taken at around 12 months. | |

By 1 year they could be sitting alone without support, reach out for toys and could also be mobile through crawling or shuffling. By this age a child will have started to show hand preference, can click two cubes together and will place the cubes in a box when shown how to. At 18 months a child may be able to walk alone, will push and pull toys when walking and are able to kick, roll and throw a ball. Some children are capable of using a spoon, turn a handle of a door and pull off their shoes.

By one year old they are beginning to crawl or shuffle, pulling or pushing on furniture to stand and then cruise using furniture or adults for support. Sitting has progressed to unaided and they are rolling from their front to their back.

Healthy People implemented an extensive list of physical activity objectives targeting youth of all ages. The objectives are all aimed at promoting the health benefits of maintaining a physically active life-style. The following objective targets a major area of concern for the medical community and the increase of inactivity among today's youth; “PA-8.2.2; Increase the proportion of children and adolescents aged 6 to 14 years who view television, videos, or play video games for no more than 2 hours a

During this time period the child tends to have a lot of energy so they star to jump around and run, and they also discover new things they can do such as standing on one leg and hopping. From the ages 2-3 they also start t develop the thought of picking up a pencil and doodling. From the ages between the ages of 3-5 they develop the abilities of movement and balance which they learn how to throw and catch a ball and often start to ride a bike/tricycle.

According to gov.uk “Physical activity should be encouraged from birth, particularly through floor-based play and water-based activities in safe environments” (for children who are not yet walking) All under 5s should minimise the amount of time spent being

From cardiovascular workouts to heavy weight workouts, this workout will get me moving all my muscles to the best of my ability. For hockey, the workouts are mostly directed to my hips and legs, because those are the muscles I need strong to skate better and overall become a better hockey player. To start my workout, I need a warmup to get my heart rate up. I enjoy doing 20 jumping jacks, 10 squats, 10 forward lunges, 10 backward lunges, and touching my toes. By doing those warm up workouts, I get my heart rate elevated and am ready to start my workout. Doing 40 calf raises while holding weights at my sides really help build my calf muscles. Then I do 2 sets of 8 weighted pushups. This utilizes a lot of muscles in my body. After I do pushups I do a 1 minute plank. Planks incorporate almost every muscle in my body including legs, arms, core, and hips. Once this is completed I do 30 fire hydrants on each leg. This is where you sit on your hands and knees and move one foot up to make a 90 degree angle. This exercise works my hips and legs, along with my core. To finish off my workout I like to run of the elliptical for at least 10 minutes. When I get home from school or hockey, I take my dog on a walk around the block which usually takes 20 minutes. This is a satisfying cool down and my body benefits from this by

According to the Department of Health and Human Services, the recommended amount of physical activity is thirty minutes per day, and many adults do not meet this minimum.6 In the past, rates of cardiovascular disease were high, as the rates of smoking were higher. As smoking is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, such as COPD, as rates of smoking fall, so will rates of cardiovascular disease. As more and more adults and children begin to realize the importance of cardiovascular exercise and avoiding cigarettes, the rate of these diseases can be expected to fall further. However, less than 30% of high school students reach the recommended amount of physical activity needed, and further intervention is therefore

During the early childhood period, environments should be organized to promote motor development. During toddlerhood the environment should be organized to allow the toddler space to explore and move. Confining the child to a limited space such as a playpen could result in a delay in their large motor skills. (Charlesworth, 2004) The environment for the preschooler should be conducive to learning these skills. Adequate outdoor play time should be allotted for the children to have the opportunity to run, jump, throw balls, and other activities to strengthen the large muscles.

How can reduce recess and physical inactivity affect in the macrosystems. It is a lifestyle and cultural environment that can influence and shape the person you become. For example, in Unite state culture most of the families have car or cars as substitute transportations; therefore, wherever they go they can just park the car in the parking lots. It did not require long distance walking to go to a store. Also, if the family did not have a healthy lifestyle and not activity engage within different types of physical activities, the child probably will not exercise regularly or activity moving around on his or her own. As a result, when schools not provide enough time for recess and focus on more academic performances, it can also lead children

To commence, it is important to have an understanding of what physical activity actually entails. According to Caspersen, Powell, and Christenson (2013), “Physical activity is defined as any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure” (p#). What this means simply, is that there is a broad variety of ways that young people can be active. This includes activities such

a. Exercising can become a habit, and something you carry on with your through the rest of your life. The earlier you start to exercise, the better your health will be when you’re older. However, it’s also never too late to get active! Not only can a 5 year old exercise and have fun by joining a youth soccer team, or playing Frisbee in the yard, but even an 80 year old can be active by joining an aerobics class or going on an easy walk down the street for light exercise to get their heart pumping and promote blood flow.

Adults should have around thirty to sixty minutes of physical activity four to six times a week. Two hours and thirty minutes is the minimum a fully developed person needs to lessen the risk of having some type of chronic disease later in life (“Information”).