Physical Address of Time Square in New York City: Manhattan, NY 10036

Closely associated with the process of globalisation is the notion of ‘World cities’. World cities are those such as London, New York and Tokyo where urban function has moved beyond the national scale to become a part of the international and global system. They are centres of culture, economics, employment, tourism, transport and communications and have been referred to as the command centres of the World’s borderless economy.

Appiah spends more than half of his introduction describing how complicated the word cosmopolitanism truly is. He keeps revolving around the overlapping idea that we as a people, are not confined to the limits of what our eyes can see. Our strengths, our experiences and our knowledge comes from more than where we were born or how we were raised. We cannot and should not be limited to those

American culture was built on the idea of progress. Our society has focused on creating new technology, advancing the current systems, and these forces thrust the world towards globality, a world where countries are increasingly interconnected. To be clear, globalization isn’t a new phenomenon, but the technological advances of the postmodern era accelerated the path to globality, a world in which our current ideas of national borders are significantly different, much more fluid. Economics is just one facet of globalization, but unmistakable in the chosen image. Economic globalization refers to the complex system that our

territory. Briggs opens her book by discussing the origins of globalization in U.S. and western European colonialism, and closes with a review of her methods, in which she calls for a new focus on subaltern studies, including a (re)focus on the authors of information (who she claims as the subjects of this

One of the consistent themes of history has been the increasing connectedness of humankind. From the first river-valley civilizations to today’s intertwined world, one of the hallmarks of the past — and one that continues to this day — has been increased globalization. While the 20th century represented one of the greatest advancements in human interaction, it was not a wholly new event. Examples of globalization can be seen throughout history, like in the movement of pastoralists, Indian Ocean trade, and the Columbian Exchange.

At this point of time, globalization has grown to be a phenomenon that is significantly important economically, politically, and culturally. The amalgamation and incorporation of the world economy around the globe has reshaped business. Not only this, it has created "new social classes, different jobs, unimaginable wealth, and, occasionally, wretched poverty" (Kiggundu 2002, p. 4) by restructuring the lives of the individuals. For some, globalization is associated to modernism and contemporary practices. Others understand it as American domination (particularly those living in Asia). On the other hand, some people believe it to be the emasculation of America (Kiggundu 2002, p. 4).

By analysing these areas it is apparent there are lessons to be learnt when undertaking enormous projects that are exposed to numerous external pressures. Whilst there were many significant negative issues that ascended from this project, it must be emphasised that over due time, Federal Square has developed itself into a cultural epicenter that feeds a thriving city.

In the middle of the article, the board references the history of the Chicagoans by listing, “We are the Vietnamese-Americans of Argyle Street and the Pakistani-Americans of Devon Avenue. We are the Chinese-Americans of Cermak Road and the Palestinian-Americans of suburban Bridgeview. We have fled poverty, war and religious persecution...We tell stories, proudly, about how our grandparents or great-grandparents came to Chicago..” The repeating of “We” helps to create a special connection between the nationalities included after it. The connectedness of the example shows Chicagoans the contrast between unity of the community and the separation of groups Trump is trying to possess. The authors show another form of unity by emphasizing the harsh treatments immigrants had to face in their past countries. Immigrants traveled, “...from places like Ireland or Poland or Italy, where people starved, or from Russia, where people starved and lived in fear of pogroms, or from the Deep South, where people were treated as only half human because of the color of their skin.” The board chooses to repeat the words, “where people”, to promote motivation and show the connection between many groups of people. Again, the use of the repetition shows the harsh segregation Trump made when he forced connected people,

The article written by Lisa Lowe refers to globalization as it relates to the United States. This article touched on the transitions which occurred. The shifts from culture in neighborhoods due to migrants arriving. This article also referred to the critiques of globalization. It’s important to know who is against or for this process. As it provides perspective to those who want understand motives behind the negative stance.

In Kwame Appiah’s introductory chapter, Critical Thinking, he delves into the topic of cosmopolitanism, and its necessity within our modern world. Appiah claims that while complete cosmopolitanism may not be obtainable or optimal, partial cosmopolitanism is the ideal model for us to follow. He supports this claim by highlighting that the modern world is expanding rapidly in its population leading to a critical need for conversations to be established amongst ourselves. As a civilization who is divided by borders, social and cultural constructs we have little to no room for the fundamental ethical bonds that we possessed thousands of years ago. Furthermore, not only is our exponentially growing population the issue, but also our blatant

Globalization requires highly specialized services, telecommunications, infrastructure, and industrial services. Economic globalization has mostly been represented in terms of the duality between national and global, where the global gains power and advantages at the expense of the national. For example, Saskia Sassen, author of Whose City Is It?, states many disadvantages of “global” cities for women, immigrants, and people of color, “whose political sense of self and identities are not necessarily embedded in the nation” (206).

In this article called “Globalization and Global Political Theory,” talks about how our culture, economics, political, and respectable relationship with complete strangers from all over the

Globalization involves a variety of links expanding and tightening a web of political, economic and cultural inter-connections. Most attention has been devoted to merchandise trade as it has had the most immediate (or most visible) consequences, but capital, in and of itself, has come to play an arguably even larger role than the trade in material goods. Human movements also link previously separate communities. Finally, there is the cultural connection. All the individual data would indicate that we are undergoing a process of compression of international time and space and an intensification of international relations. The separation of production and consumption that is the heart of modern capitalism appears to have

Lastly, religions play an important role too by gathering people scattered across the globe under an identical cosmology, thus creating imagined communities (Anderson, 1983). Globalization, by connecting people through the media, also creates such a community: inhabitants of the world share the idea of a global community and an international identity. This is why we could define globalization as the compression of time and space (Harvey, 1983). Communications as well as people can travel at an ever increasing speed, thereby giving the impression that every corner of the world is at hand. The main thesis about globalization argues that it leads to a phenomenon of homogenization. My hypothesis however is that some cultures are so different and so deeply rooted in their environment that they can't simply be erased. They will be modified, influenced but not standardized under one unique model. This will lead to hybrid products, thereby proving the hypothesis of glocalization, introduced by

According to Rourke (2008) the most important way people have identified themselves politically for five centuries is through nationalism (p. 102). Nations are formed when people who “share demographic and cultural similarities [who identify themselves] as a group distinct from other groups and want to control themselves politically” (p. 103) band together in a national political identity which has “a soul, a spiritual quality” (Rourke, 2008, p. 103). Feelings of nationalism can be very intense and difficult to put aside because of this. For the concept of globalization to continue to spread and grow nationalistic feelings must be tempered with cosmopolitan ideals.